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Spatiotemporal Changes in NDVI and Its Driving Factors in the Kherlen River Basin

Chinese Geographical Science 2023年第2期33卷 377-392页

作者： muhammad naveed HE Hongshi ZONG Shengwei DU Haibo SATTI Zulqarnain TAN Xinyuan QAZI muhammad Yasir Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains Ministry of EducationSchool of Geographical SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China School of Natural Resources University of MissouriColumbia 65211USA Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China

Vegetation is an important factor linking the atmosphere,water,soil,and biological functions,and it plays a specific role in the climate change response and sustainable development of regional ***,little information is available on vegetation vulnerability and its driving ***,studying temporal and spatial change characteristics of vegetation and their corresponding mechanisms is important for assessing ecosystem stability and formulating ecological policies in the Kherlen River *** used Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)remote sensing images from 2000 to 2020 to analyse temporal changes in NDVI with the autoregressive moving average model(ARMA)and the breaks for additive season trend(BFAST)in the basin and to assess natural,anthropogenic and topographic factors with the Geodetector *** results show that:1)the long NDVI time series remained stable in the Kherlen River Basin from 2000 to 2020,with a certain significant mutation period from 2013 to 2017;2)the coefficient of variation(CV)in the analysis of the spatial NDVI was generally constant,mainly at the level of 0.01–0.07,and the spatial NDVI change was minimally impacted by external interference;and 3)temperature and precipitation are the key factors affecting the NDVI in the basin,and changes in local hydrothermal conditions directly affect the local *** results of this study could provide a scientific basis for the effective protection of the ecological environment and will aid in understanding the influence of vegetation change mechanisms and the corresponding factors.

关键词： normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) spatial stability vegetation ecology Geodetector Kherlen River Basin

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Pistacia chinensis:Strong antioxidant and potent testicular toxicity amelioration agent

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第4期10卷 359-369页

作者： Farah Noureen muhammad Rashid Khan Naseer Ali Shah Rahmat Ali Khan Kiran naz Saadia Sattar Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Biological SciencesQuaid-i-Azam University Department of Biosciences COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Department of Biotechnology UST Bannu KPK

Objective:To evaluate in ritro and in riro antioxidant potency of Pistacia chinensis(***) bark and leaves extracts along with its protective role against CCl_4 induced toxicity in testis of the *** Various in vitro models such as DPPH,ABTS,hydrogen peroxide,superoxide,hydroxyl and nitric oxide scavenging activities,anti-lipid peroxidation activity,phospho-molybdenum activity.β carotene bleaching assay was used for analysis of antioxidant *** groups for in riro study were:Group Ⅰ(control)*** Ⅱ(Vehicle control).Group Ⅲ(1 mL/kg b.w 30%CCl_4).Group Ⅳ(1 mL/kg b.w CCk_4+Silymarin).Group Ⅴ(200 mg/kg b.w PCBE+CCl_4),Group Ⅵ(400 mg/kg b.w PCBE+CCl_4) and Group Ⅶ(400 mg/kg b.w PCBE alone).Results:In ritro antioxidant assays displayed significant results and the highest activity was not specified to a specific ***,ethyl acetate extract of bark(PCBF) showed highest results in most of the antioxidant assays ***-carotene bleaching,hydroxyl radical *** peroxidation and superoxide radical scavenging *** this base,this fraction was selected for in riro antioxidant *** tissues were analyzed to observe the protective effects of PCBE on antioxidant enzymes:cataluse,superoxide *** reductase,glutathione peroxidase and quinone reductase activities and glutathione(GSH) as well as nitrite *** of plasma testosterone was also compared to various *** suggests a protective role of *** against CCl_4induced ***:It is concluded that some bioactive antioxidants of *** bark might be a good source to isolate the potent antioxidant components.

关键词： Pislacia chinensis Plasma testosterone Glutathione-S-transferase Antioxidant enzymes

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Microwave-assisted pre-ionization experiments on GLAST-Ⅲ

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Plasma Science and Technology 2021年第8期23卷 53-61页

作者： Riaz KHAN Sehrish SHAKIR Ahmad ALI muhammad Khawar AYUB Moazzam nazIR Zia UR-REHMAN Abdul QAYYUM muhammad Athar naveed Sarfraz AHMAD Zahoor AHMAD Rafaqat ALI Shahid HUSSAIN Pakistan Tokamak Plasma Research Institute P.O.NiloreIslamabad 44000Pakistan Theoretical Physics Division PINSTECHP.O.NiloreIslamabad 44000Pakistan

GLAss Spherical Tokamak(GLAST-Ⅲ)is a spherical tokamak with an insulating vacuum vessel that has a unique single-passage capability for incident *** this work,electron cyclotron resonance heating(ECRH)-assisted plasma pre-ionization in GLAST-Ⅲis explored for three radio-frequency(RF)polarizations(the O-,X-,and M-modes)at different toroidal-field(TF)strengths and filled gas *** optimum hydrogen pressure is identified for efficient plasma pre-ionization.A comparison of the plasma pre-ionizations initiated by the O-,X-,and M-modes shows prominent differences in the breakdown time,location,and wave *** the case of O-mode polarization,microwave absorption occurs for a relatively shorter duration,resulting in a bell-shaped electron-temperature(Te)temporal *** absorption is dominant in the case of the X-mode,leading to a broader Te temporal *** M-mode discharge contains features of both the X-and *** plasma pre-ionization is achieved in the X-mode polarization for the intermediate TF strengths(with a central toroidal magnetic field B0=0.075 T).Traces of the electron-number density show a similar tendency,as revealed by *** results suggest that the X-mode is the best candidate for efficient plasma pre-ionization at low filled gas pressures(10-2 Pa)in small tokamaks.

关键词： GLAST-Ⅲ microwave ECRH pre-ionization polarization

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Intelligent computing networks for nonlinear influenza-A epidemic model

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2023年第4期16卷 125-154页

作者： Nabeela Anwar muhammad Shoaib Iftikhar Ahmad Shafaq naz Adiqa Kausar Kiani muhammad Asif Zahoor Raja Department of Mathematics University of Gujrat Punjab 50700 Pakistan Department of Mathematics COMSATS University Islamabad Attock Campus Attock 43600 Pakistan Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 UniversityRoad Section 3 DouliouYunlin 64002TaiwanR.O.C.

The differential equations having delays take paramount interest in the research community due to their fundamental role to interpret and analyze the mathematical models arising in biological *** study deals with the exploitation of knack of artificial intelligence-based computing paradigm for numerical treatment of the functional delay differential systems that portray the dynamics of the nonlinear influenza-A epidemic model(IA-EM)by implementation of neural network backpropagation with Levenberg-Marquardt scheme(NNBLMS).The nonlinear IA-EM represented four classes of the population dynamics including susceptible,exposed,infectious and recovered *** referenced datasets for NNBLMS are assembled by employing the Adams method for sufficient large number of scenarios of nonlinear IA-EM through the variation in the infection,turnover,disease associated death and recovery *** arbitrary selection of training,testing as well as validation samples of dataset are utilizing by designed NNBLMS to calculate the approximate numerical solutions of the nonlinear IA-EM develop a good agreement with the reference *** proficiency,reliability and accuracy of the designed NNBLMS are further substantiated via exhaustive simulations-based outcomes in terms of mean square error,regression index and error histogram studies.

关键词： Functional delay differential systems nonlinear influenza-A epidemic model Adams method neural networks Levenberg-Marquardt scheme intelligent computing regression analysis

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Th-Shaped Tunable Multi-Band Antenna for Modern Wireless Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 2517-2530页

作者： Wasi Ur Rehman Khan muhammad Fawad Khan muhammad Irfan Sadiq Ullah naveed Mufti Usman Ali Rizwan Ullah Fazal muhammad Saifur Rahman Faisal Althobiani Mohammed Alshareef Mohammad E.Gommosani Department of Telecommunication Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyMardanPakistan Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringNajran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyMardan23200Pakistan Faculty of Maritimes Studies King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Ports&Maritime Transportation Faculty of Maritimes StudiesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Natural Science Department Faculty of Maritimes StudiesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

A compact,reconfigurable antenna supporting multiple wireless services with a minimum number of switches is found lacking in literature and the same became the focus and outcome of this *** was achieved by designing a Th-Shaped frequency reconfigurable multi-band microstrip planar antenna,based on use of a single switch within the radiating structure of the *** frequency bands(i.e.,2007–2501 MHz,3660–3983MHz and 9341–1046 MHz)can be operated with the switch in the ON switch *** the OFF state of the switch,the antenna operates within the 2577–3280MHz and 9379–1033MHz *** proposed antenna shows an acceptable input impedance match with Voltage Standing Wave Ratio(VSWR)less than *** peak radiation efficiency of the antenna is 82%.A reasonable gain is obtained from 1.22 to 3.31 dB within the operating bands is *** proposed antenna supports UniversalMobile Telecommunication System(UMTS)-1920 to 2170 MHz,Worldwide Interoperability and Microwave Access(WiMAX)/Wireless Broadband/(Long Term Evolution)LTE2500–2500 to 2690 MHz,Fifth Generation(5G)-2500/3500 MHz,Wireless Fidelity(Wi-Fi)/Bluetooth-2400 to 2480 MHz,and Satellite communication applications in X-Band-8000 to 12000 *** overall planar dimension of the proposed antenna is 40×*** antennawas designed,along with the parametric study,using Electromagnetic(EM)simulation *** antenna prototype is fabricated for experimental validation with the simulated *** proposed antenna is low profile,tunable,lightweight,cheap to fabricate and highly efficient and hence is deemed suitable for use in modern wireless communication electronic devices.

关键词： Antenna design reconfigurable antenna satellite communication frequency bands

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Text Augmentation-Based Model for Emotion Recognition Using Transformers

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 3523-3547页

作者： Fida Mohammad Mukhtaj Khan Safdar Nawaz Khan Marwat naveed Jan Neelam Gohar muhammad Bilal Amal Al-Rasheed Department of Computer Science The University of HaripurHaripur22620Pakistan Department of Computer Systems Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology PeshawarPeshawar25120Pakistan Department of Electronics Engineering Technology University of TechnologyNowshera24100Pakistan Department of Computer Science Shaheed Benazir BhuttoWomen UniversityPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Emotion Recognition in Conversations(ERC)is fundamental in creating emotionally ***-BasedNetwork(GBN)models have gained popularity in detecting conversational contexts for ERC ***,their limited ability to collect and acquire contextual information hinders their *** propose a Text Augmentation-based computational model for recognizing emotions using transformers(TA-MERT)to address *** proposed model uses the Multimodal Emotion Lines Dataset(MELD),which ensures a balanced representation for recognizing human *** used text augmentation techniques to producemore training data,improving the proposed model’s *** encoders train the deep neural network(DNN)model,especially Bidirectional Encoder(BE)representations that capture both forward and backward contextual *** integration improves the accuracy and robustness of the proposed ***,we present a method for balancing the training dataset by creating enhanced samples from the original *** balancing the dataset across all emotion categories,we can lessen the adverse effects of data imbalance on the accuracy of the proposed *** results on the MELD dataset show that TA-MERT outperforms earlier methods,achieving a weighted F1 score of 62.60%and an accuracy of 64.36%.Overall,the proposed TA-MERT model solves the GBN models’weaknesses in obtaining contextual data for ***-MERT model recognizes human emotions more accurately by employing text augmentation and transformer-based *** balanced dataset and the additional training samples also enhance its *** findings highlight the significance of transformer-based approaches for special emotion recognition in conversations.

关键词： Emotion recognition in conversation graph-based network text augmentation-basedmodel multimodal emotion lines dataset bidirectional encoder representation for transformer

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Novel LaFe_(2)O_(4)spinel structure with a large oxygen reduction response towards protonic ceramic fuel cell cathode

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第3期41卷 413-421,I0004页

作者： Jinping Wang Yuzheng Lu naveed Mushtaq M.A.K Yousaf Shah Sajid Rauf Peter D.Lund muhammad Imran Asghar School of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing Institute of TechnologyNanjing 211167China School of Electronic Engineering Nanjing Xiao Zhuang UniversityNanjing 211171China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Science and Technology/Energy Storage Joint Research Center School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518000China New Energy Technologies Group Department of Applied PhysicsAalto University School of ScienceP.O.Box.15100FI00076AaltoEspooFinland Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Faculty of Physics and Electronic ScienceHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China

Highly active and stable electrocatalysts are mandatory for developing high-performance and longlasting fuel *** current study demonstrates a high oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalytic activity of a novel spinel-structured LaFe_(2)O_(4)via a self-doping *** LaFe_(2)O_(4)demonstrates excellent ORR activity in a protonic ceramic fuel cell(PCFC)at temperature range of 350-500℃.The high ORR activity of LaFe_(2)O_(4)is mainly attributed to the facile release of oxide and proton ions,and improved synergistic incorporation abilities associated with interplay of multivalent Fe^(3+)/Fe^(2+)and La^(3+)*** LaFe_(2)O_(4)as cathode over proton conducting BaZr_(0.4)Ce_(0.4)Y_(0.2)O_(3)(BZCY)electrolyte,the fuel cell has delivered a high-power density of 806 mW/cm^(2)operating at 500℃.Different spectroscopic and calculations methods such as UV-visible,Raman,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory(DFT)calculations were performed to screen the potential application of LaFe_(2)O_(4)as *** study would help in developing functional cobalt-free ORR electrocatalysts for low temperature-PCFCs(LT-PCFCs)and solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)applications.

关键词： LaFe_(2)O_(4)cathode Facile Fe^(3+/2+)ions resale Oxygen reductionreaction(ORR) Excellent electrocatalyst Protonic ceramicfuel cell(PCFC) Rare earths

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In vivo screening of essential oils of Skimmia laureola leaves for antinociceptive and antipyretic activity

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第3期3卷 202-206页

作者： naveed muhammad Barkatullah muhammad Ibrar Haroon Khan muhammad Saeed Amir Zada Khan Waqar Ahmad Kaleem Department of Pharmacy.University of Peshawar-25120 Department of Pharmacy University of Peshawar-25120 Gandhara College of Pharmacy Gandhara University

Objective:To study the screening of essential oils of Skimmia laureola leaves(SLO)for acute toxicity,antinociceptive,antipyretic and anticonvulsant activities in various animal ***:SLO were extracted using modified Clevenger type *** toxicity test was used in mice to observe its safety *** activity of SLO was evaluated in acetic acid induced writhing and hot plate *** induced hyperthermic mice and pentylenetetrazole induced convulsive mice were used for the assessment of its antipyretic and anticonvulsant profile ***:Substantial safety was observed for SLO in acute toxicity *** showed a high significant activity in acetic acid induced writhing test in a dose dependent manner with maximum pain attenuation of 68.48%at 200 mg/kg ***,it did not produce any relief in thermal induced pain at test *** challenged against pyrexia evoked by yeast,SLO manifested marked amelioration in hyperthermic mice,dose *** anti-hyperthermic activity(75%)was observed at 200 mg/kg *** 4 h of drug ***,SLO had no effect on seizures control and mortality caused by ***:In vivo studies of SLO showed prominent antinociceptive and antipyretic activities with ample safety profile and thus provided pharmacological base for the traditional uses of the plant in various painful conditions and *** detail studies are required to ascertain its clinical application.

关键词： Skimmia laureola leaves Essential oils Antinociceptive Antipyretic activity

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Source parameters and aftershock pattern of the October 7,2021,M5.9 Harnai earthquake,Pakistan

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Earthquake Science 2024年第4期37卷 304-323页

作者： Mohammad Tahir Zeeshan Ahmad Sadia Sabahat muhammad naveed Mushtaq Talat Iqbal muhammad Ali Shah Alam Aftab Centre for Earthquake Studies National Centre for PhysicsIslamabad 44000Pakistan

On October 7,2021,a magnitude 5.9 earthquake struck the Harnai(Baluchistan)region of Pakistan,causing several fatalities and injuries within the epicentral ***-order tectonic deformation in this region is caused by the convergence of the Indian Plate with respect to the Eurasian *** Katwaz Block hinders the motion of the Indian Plate,resulting in the formation of strike-slip *** this study,the P-wave first-motion polarity technique was used to determine the mainshock faulting *** scanning of the polarity solutions was applied to determine the most suitable focal mechanism solution among the available solutions generated by the FOCMEC(focal mechanism)*** nodal planes correspond to different faulting styles(i.e.,thrust and strike-slip faulting).A nodal plane oriented in the NW-SE direction corresponded to a strike-slip mechanism,which was considered to be the fault ***,this earthquake was associated with the Harnai-Karahi strike-slip fault zone owing to the fault strike and direction of *** apparent stress drop,fault length,and moment magnitude of the Harnai earthquake were 35.4 bar,6.1 km,and 5.9,respectively.A lower b-value for the Gutenberg-Richter law was observed prior to the ***α-than b-values(α>b)indicate that this earthquake was governed by large events as opposed to small-magnitude *** Harnai sequence had a decay exponent close to unity,lasted for 145 days,and produced few *** study will help the future hazard mitigation in the region.

关键词： focal mechanism solution selection of fault plane FPFIT stress inversion oblique slip mechanism

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Application of Zinc, Iron and Boron Enhances Productivity and Grain Biofortification of Mungbean

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第4期92卷 983-999页

作者： muhammad Zafar Siraj Ahmed muhammad Kashif Munir Nawal Zafar muhammad Saqib muhammad Aleem Sarwar Saba Iqbal Baber Ali naveed Akhtar Basharat Ali Sadam Hussain muhammad Saeed Mohammad Khalid Al-Sadoon Aneela Gulnaz Agronomic Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research Institute FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Ayub Agricultural Research Institute FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Plant Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad45320Pakistan Department of Agricultural Engineering Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China Plant Pathology Research Institute Faisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Zoology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38641Korea

Deficiencies of essential vitamins,iron(Fe),and zinc(Zn)affect over one-half of the world’s population.A significant progress has been made to control micronutrient deficiencies through supplementation,but new approaches are needed,especially to reach the rural *** biofortification of pulses with Zn,Fe,and boron(B)offers a pragmatic solution to combat hidden hunger instead of food fortification and ***,it also has positive effects on crop production as ***,we conducted three separate field experiments for two consecutive years to evaluate the impact of soil and foliar application of the aforementioned nutrients on the yield and seed biofortification of *** application of Zn at 0,4.125,8.25,Fe at 0,2.5,5.0 and B at 0,0.55,1.1 kg ha−1 was done in the first,second and third experiment,*** application in these experiments was done at 0.3%Zn,0.2%Fe and 0.1%B respectively one week after flowering *** revealed that soil-applied Zn,Fe and B at 8.25,5.0 and 1.1 kg ha−1,respectively,enhanced the grain yield of mungbean;however,this increase in yield was statistically similar to that recorded with Zn,Fe and B at 4.125,2.5 and 0.55 kg ha−1,*** application of these nutrients at flower initiation significantly enhanced the Zn contents by 28%and 31%,Fe contents by 80%and 78%,while B contents by 98%and 116%over control during 2019 and 2020,*** was concluded from the results that soil application of Zn,Fe,and B enhanced the yield performance of mungbean;while significant improvements in seed Zn,Fe,and B contents were recorded with foliar application of these nutrients.

关键词： Biofortification seed biofortification mungbean iron zinc boron foliar application

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