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Biochemical Mechanism Unlocking Their Potential Role in Salt Tolerance Mechanism of Zizyphus Germplasm

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第5期92卷 1539-1553页

作者： Riaz Ahmad Hafiza Muniba Din muhammad Safina naz Meryam Manzoor muhammad Ahsan Altaf Department of Horticulture The University of AgricultureDera Ismail Khan29050Pakistan Department of Horticulture Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60060Pakistan College of Horticulture Hainan UniversityHaikou570228China

Salinity is one of the major constraints reducing plant growth and *** with poor quality and brackish water to orchards is a major cause of stunted growth and low *** salt tolerance mechanism is one of the complicated genomic characters that is very problematic to develop in fruit trees and becomes much more severe at any growth and developmental *** stress and hormonal imbalances are major constraints causing low biomass *** tree tolerance/sensitivity is chiefly based on the activation of a defense system comprised of super-oxidase dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalases(CAT),non-enzymatic compounds including ascorbic acid,phenolics,flavonoids,stress indicators[i.e.,hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),lipid peroxidation,malondialdehyde(MDA),reactive oxygen species(ROS)and osmolytes containing proline,glycine-betaine(GB),ascorbates(APX),glutathione peroxidase(GPX)and glutathione reductase(GR)].Tolerant genotypes must have higher antioxidant assays to cope with the adverse effects of salinity stress because their defense system had the potential to scavenge toxic ROS and protect from membrane *** work is conducted on agronomic and horticultural crops;however,underutilized fruit crops are still neglected and need serious consideration from plant *** fruit crops especially Zizyphus had excellent nutritional *** current study provides detailed insights into the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of Zizyphus species to cope with the adverse effects of salinity by improving their plant defense *** development of salt-tolerant germplasm is a requisite and can be developed by utilization of physiological,biochemical,and molecular *** of different molecular approaches(i.e.,genome mapping,genome editing,genetic transformation,proteomics,transcriptomics,and metabolites)are effective for higher yield by improving tolerance mechanisms.

关键词： Low yield metabolic developments plant defense system saline water irrigation

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Foliar application of micronutrients enhances crop stand, yield and the biofortification essential for human health of different wheat cultivars

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第6期18卷 1369-1378页

作者： muhammad Zahir Aziz muhammad Yaseen Tanveer Abbas muhammad naveed Adnan Mustafa Yasir Hamid Qudsia Saeed XU Ming-gang Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China College of Environmental and Resources Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058P.R.China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China

Globally about half of the world’s population is under micronutrient malnutrition due to poor quality food *** overcome this problem,fortification and biofortification techniques are often *** is considered a better option than fortification due to the easy control of nutrient deficiencies present in daily *** field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of foliar application of a micronutrient mixture(MNM)consisting of zinc(Zn),iron(Fe),copper(Cu),manganese(Mn)and boron(B)on yield and flour quality of *** results show the effectiveness of foliar feeding for growth and yield parameters,in addition to the enriching of wheat grains with Zn,Cu,Fe,Mn and *** to the control without foliar feeding,foliar application on wheat crop increased tillering ability,spike length,grain yield and the contents of Zn,Cu,Mn,Fe and B by 21,47,22,22 and 25%in wheat flour,***,foliar feeding of micronutrients could be an effective approach to enrich wheat grains with essential nutrients for correcting malnutrition.

关键词： enrichment biofortification malnutrition micronutrients wheat flour

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A Systematic Literature Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Approaches for Spectral Image Classification in Agricultural Applications Using Aerial Photography

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 2967-3000页

作者： Usman Khan muhammad Khalid Khan muhammad Ayub Latif muhammad naveed muhammad Mansoor Alam Salman A.Khan Mazliham Mohd Su’ud College of Computing and Information Sciences Karachi Institute of Economics and TechnologyKarachi75190Pakistan Faculty of Computing and Informatics(FCI) Multimedia UniversityCyberjaya63100Malaysia Faculty of Computing Riphah International UniversityIslamabad46000Pakistan Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology School of Computer ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyAustralia

Recently,there has been a notable surge of interest in scientific research regarding spectral *** potential of these images to revolutionize the digital photography industry,like aerial photography through Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs),has captured considerable *** encouraging aspect is their combination with machine learning and deep learning algorithms,which have demonstrated remarkable outcomes in image *** a result of this powerful amalgamation,the adoption of spectral images has experienced exponential growth across various domains,with agriculture being one of the prominent *** paper presents an extensive survey encompassing multispectral and hyperspectral images,focusing on their applications for classification challenges in diverse agricultural areas,including plants,grains,fruits,and *** meticulously examining primary studies,we delve into the specific agricultural domains where multispectral and hyperspectral images have found practical ***,our attention is directed towards utilizing machine learning techniques for effectively classifying hyperspectral images within the agricultural *** findings of our investigation reveal that deep learning and support vector machines have emerged as widely employed methods for hyperspectral image classification in ***,we also shed light on the various issues and limitations of working with spectral *** comprehensive analysis aims to provide valuable insights into the current state of spectral imaging in agriculture and its potential for future advancements.

关键词： Machine learning deep learning unmanned aerial vehicles multi-spectral images image recognition object detection hyperspectral images aerial photography

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Lattice-Based Authentication Scheme to Prevent Quantum Attack in Public Cloud Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 35-49页

作者： naveed Khan Zhang Jianbiao Intikhab Ullah muhammad Salman Pathan Huhnkuk Lim Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China Lecture in Computer Science Shaheed Benazir Bhutto UniversitySheringal18050Pakistan Department of Computer Science Maynooth UniversityMaynoothW23 A3HYIreland Department of Computer Engineering Hoseo UniversityAsan-si31499Korea

Public cloud computing provides a variety of services to consumersvia high-speed internet. The consumer can access these services anytimeand anywhere on a balanced service cost. Many traditional authenticationprotocols are proposed to secure public cloud computing. However, therapid development of high-speed internet and organizations’ race to developquantum computers is a nightmare for existing authentication schemes. Thesetraditional authentication protocols are based on factorization or discretelogarithm problems. As a result, traditional authentication protocols arevulnerable in the quantum computing era. Therefore, in this article, we haveproposed an authentication protocol based on the lattice technique for publiccloud computing to resist quantum attacks and prevent all known traditionalsecurity attacks. The proposed lattice-based authentication protocolis provably secure under the Real-Or-Random (ROR) model. At the sametime, the result obtained during the experiments proved that our protocol islightweight compared to the existing lattice-based authentication protocols,as listed in the performance analysis section. The comparative analysis showsthat the protocol is suitable for practical implementation in a quantum-basedenvironment.

关键词： Lattice authentication quantum attack ProVerif

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Drought-responsive genes expressed predominantly in root tissues are enriched with homotypic cis-regulatory clusters in promoters of major cereal crops

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The Crop Journal 2017年第3期5卷 195-206页

作者： muhammad Ramzan Khan Imran Khan Zahra Ibrar Jens Léon Ali Ahmed naz Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation(INRES) Department of Crop Genetics and BiotechnologyRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University of BonnGermany National Centre for Bioinformatics(NCB) Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology(NIGAB) National Agricultural Research CentrePark RoadIslamabadPakistan

The root appears to be the most relevant organ for breeding drought stress ***, our knowledge about temporal and spatial regulation of drought-associated genes in the root remains fragmented, especially in crop plants. We performed a meta-analysis of expression divergence of essential drought-inducible genes and analyzed their association with cis-elements in model crops and major cereal crops. Our analysis of42 selected drought-inducible genes revealed that these are expressed primarily in roots,followed by shoot, leaf, and inflorescence tissues, especially in wheat. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis confirmed higher expression of TaDREB2 and TaAQP7 in roots,correlated with extensive rooting and drought-stress tolerance in wheat. A promoter scan up to 2 kb upstream of the translation start site using phylogenetic footprinting revealed708 transcription factor binding sites, including drought response elements(DREs), auxin response elements(Aux REs), MYCREs/MYBREs, ABAREs, and ERD1 in 19 selected ***, these elements were organized into clusters of overlapping transcription factor binding sites known as homotypic clusters(HCTs), which modulate drought physiology in plants. Taken together, these results revealed the expression preeminence of major drought-inducible genes in the root, suggesting its crucial role in drought adaptation. The occurrence of HCTs in drought-inducible genes highlights the putative evolutionary modifications of crop plants in developing drought adaptation. We propose that these DNA motifs can be used as molecular markers for breeding drought-resilient cultivars, particularly in the cereal crops.

关键词： Gene expression Promoter DREB cis-regulatory elements Phylogeny Drought adaptation

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Applications of Molecular Markers in Fruit Crops for Breeding Programs—A Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第1期90卷 17-34页

作者： Riaz Ahmad muhammad Akbar Anjum Safina naz Rashad Mukhtar Balal Department of Horticulture Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Horticulture University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan

Selection and use of molecular markers for evaluation of DNA polymorphism in plants are couple of the most important approaches in the field of molecular *** assessment of genetic diversity using morphological markers is not sufficient due to little differentiating traits among the species,genera or their *** markers are not only highly influenced by environmental factors but skilled assessment is also prerequisite to find the variations in plant genetic ***,molecular markers are considered as efficient tools for detailed DNA based characterization of fruit *** markers provide new directions to the efforts of plant breeders particularly in genetic variability,gene tags,gene localization,taxonomy,genetic diversity,phylogenetic analysis and also play an important role to decrease the time required for development of new and excellent *** success of molecular markers technology in genetic improvement programs depends on the close relationship among the plant breeders,biotechnologists,skilled manpower and good financial *** present review describes application and success of molecular markers technology used for genetic improvement in different fruit crops.

关键词： DNA fingerprinting genetic diversity genetic improvement programs germplasm characterization marker assisted selection

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Regulatory Genes Through Robust-SNR for Binary Classification Within Functional Genomics Experiments

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3663-3677页

作者： muhammad Hamraz Dost muhammad Khan naz Gul Amjad Ali Zardad Khan Shafiq Ahmad Mejdal Alqahtani Akber Abid Gardezi muhammad Shafiq Department of Statistics Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardan23200Pakistan Industrial Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad45550Pakistan Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

The current study proposes a novel technique for feature selection by inculcating robustness in the conventional Signal to noise Ratio(SNR).The proposed method utilizes the robust measures of location i.e.,the“Median”as well as the measures of variation i.e.,“Median absolute deviation(MAD)and Interquartile range(IQR)”in the *** this way,two independent robust signal-to-noise ratios have been *** proposed method selects the most informative genes/features by combining the minimum subset of genes or features obtained via the greedy search approach with top-ranked genes selected through the robust signal-to-noise ratio(RSNR).The results obtained via the proposed method are compared with wellknown gene/feature selection methods on the basis of performance metric i.e.,classification error rate.A total of 5 gene expression datasets have been used in this *** subsets of informative genes are selected by the proposed and all the other methods included in the study,and their efficacy in terms of classification is investigated by using the classifier models such as support vector machine(SVM),Random forest(RF)and k-nearest neighbors(k-NN).The results of the analysis reveal that the proposed method(RSNR)produces minimum error rates than all the other competing feature selection methods in majority of the *** further assessment of the method,a detailed simulation study is also conducted.

关键词： Median absolute deviation(MAD) classification feature selection high dimensional gene expression datasets signal to noise ratio

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Securing Physical Layer Security Using UAVs in Wireless Communication System

Securing Physical Layer Security Using UAVs in Wireless Comm...

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作者： muhammad naveed Khan 青岛大学

学位级别：硕士

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AI-Driven Learning Management Systems:Modern Developments, Challenges and Future Trends during theAge of ChatGPT

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 3289-3314页

作者： Sameer Qazi muhammad Bilal Kadri muhammad naveed Bilal AKhawaja Sohaib Zia Khan muhammad Mansoor Alam Mazliham Mohd Su’ud Department of Computer Science Faculty of EngineeringScience and TechnologyIQRA UniversityKarachi75500Pakistan College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical EngineeringIslamic University of MadinahP.O.BOX 170Madinah41411Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical EngineeringIslamic University of MadinahP.O.BOX 170Madinah41411Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing Riphah International UniversityIslamabad46000Pakistan Faculty of Computing and Informatics(FCI)Multimedia University Cyberjaya63100Malaysia Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology School of Computer ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSW 2007Australia

COVID-19 pandemic restrictions limited all social activities to curtail the spread of the *** foremost and most prime sector among those affected were schools,colleges,and *** education system of entire nations had shifted to online education during this *** shortcomings of Learning Management Systems(LMSs)were detected to support education in an online mode that spawned the research in Artificial Intelligence(AI)based tools that are being developed by the research community to improve the effectiveness of *** paper presents a detailed survey of the different enhancements to LMSs,which are led by key advances in the area of AI to enhance the real-time and non-real-time user *** AI-based enhancements proposed to the LMSs start from the Application layer and Presentation layer in the form of flipped classroom models for the efficient learning environment and appropriately designed UI/UX for efficient utilization of LMS utilities and resources,including AI-based *** layer enhancements are also required,such as AI-based online proctoring and user authentication using *** extend to the Transport layer to support real-time and rate adaptive encrypted video transmission for user security/privacy and satisfactory working of *** also needs the support of the Networking layer for IP-based geolocation features,the Virtual Private Network(VPN)feature,and the support of Software-Defined Networks(SDN)for optimum Quality of Service(QoS).Finally,in addition to these,non-real-time user experience is enhanced by other AI-based enhancements such as Plagiarism detection algorithms and Data Analytics.

关键词： Learning management systems chatbots ChatGPT online education Internet of Things(IoT) artificial intelligence(AI) convolutional neural networks natural language processing

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Certificate revocation in vehicular ad hoc networks techniques and protocols: a survey

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第10期60卷 7-24页

作者： Taimur KHAN naveed AHMAD Yue CAO Syed Asim JALAL muhammad ASIF Sana ul HAQ Haitham CRUICHSHANK Department of Computer Sciences University of Peshawar Department of Computer and Information Sciences Northumbria University Institute of Communication Systems University of Surrey

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks(VANETs) are special kind of Mobile Ad hoc Networks(MANETs),where vehicles communicate with each other in ad hoc formation. VANETs consist of Vehicles and Road Side Units(RSUs) that assist in the network management. Vehicles communicate with each other and RSUs, with the aim to provide infotainment and safety services on road. Security is an important consideration in VANETs as safety of humans(passengers) is an important issue. Vehicular Public Key Infrastructure(VPKI) is an adapted form of Public Key Infrastructure(PKI) used to achieve the key management and security services in *** generation and revocation is one of the primary functions of VPKI. Certificate revocation is used for revoking the malicious nodes and terminate their access rights to the network. In this paper we classify revocation schemes in a novel way into centralized and decentralized manners. This paper covers a survey of different certificate revocation schemes, and provides an overview of the research in the area of certificate revocation in VANETs.

关键词： certificate revocation list VANETs Intelligent Transportation System(ITS) Public Key Infrastructure(PKI) Vehicular Public Key Infrastructure(VPKI)

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