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Analysis of LDPC Code in Hybrid Communication Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 769-781页

作者： Hasnain Kashif muhammad nasir khan Zubair Nawaz Department of Electrical Engineering The University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Department of Data Science University of PunjabLahore54000Pakistan

Free-space optical(FSO)communication is of supreme importance for designing next-generation *** the past decades,the radio frequency(RF)spectrum has been the main topic of interest for wireless *** RF spectrum is becoming denser and more employed,making its availability tough for additional *** communication,exploited for messages or indications in historical times,is now becoming famous and useful in combination with error-correcting codes(ECC)to mitigate the effects of fading caused by atmospheric turbulence.A free-space communication system(FSCS)in which the hybrid technology is based on FSO and *** is a capable solution to overcome the downsides of current schemes and enhance the overall link reliability and *** proposed FSCS with regular low-density parity-check(LDPC)for coding techniques is deliberated and evaluated in terms of signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)in this *** extrinsic information transfer(EXIT)methodology is an incredible technique employed to investigate the sum-product decoding algorithm of LDPC codes and optimize the EXIT chart by applying curve *** this research work,we also analyze the behavior of the EXIT chart of regular/irregular LDPC for the *** also investigate the error performance of LDPC code for the proposed FSCS.

关键词： Free-space communication system low-density parity-check errorcorrecting codes extrinsic information transfer

Design and Implementation of a State-feedback Controller Using LQR Technique

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 2897-2911页

作者： Aamir Shahzad Shadi Munshi Sufyan Azam muhammad nasir khan Mechanical Engineering Department The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Mechanical Engineering Department Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department The University of LahoreLahorePakistan

The main objective of this research is to design a state-feedback controller for the rotary inverted pendulum module utilizing the linear quadratic regulator(LQR)*** controller maintains the pendulum in the inverted(upright)position and is robust enough to reject external disturbance to maintain its *** research work involves three major contributions:mathematical modeling,simulation,and real-time *** design a controller,mathematical modeling has been done by employing the NewtonEuler,Lagrange *** resulting model was nonlinear so linearization was required,which has been done around a working *** the estimation of the controller parameters,MATLAB LQR function has been *** has been performed for the designed controller and it also has been implemented and tested over the real inverted *** the results,it is vivid that the designed controller keeps the inverted pendulum in an upright position and rejects the disturbances and falling under gravitational force by adjusting the rotation of the horizontal link.

关键词： Mathematical modeling linearization linear quadratic regulator(LQR) nonlinear system rotary inverted pendulum

Telepresence Robots and Controlling Techniques in Healthcare System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6623-6639页

作者： Fawad Naseer muhammad nasir khan Zubair Nawaz Qasim Awais Electrical Engineering Department The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Faculty of Computing and Information Technology University of the PunjabLahorePakistan Electrical Engineering Department Fatima Jinnah Women UniversityRawalpindiPakistan

In this era of post-COVID-19,humans are psychologically restricted to interact less with other *** to the world health organization(WHO),there are many scenarios where human interactions cause severe multiplication of viruses from human to human and spread *** healthcare systems shifted to isolation during the pandemic and a very restricted work *** were done to overcome the remedy,and the researcher developed different techniques and recommended *** robot was the solution achieved by all industries to continue their operations but with almost zero physical interaction with other *** played a vital role in this perspective to help humans to perform daily routine *** workers can use telepresence robots to interact with patients who visit the healthcare center for initial diagnosis for better healthcare system performance without direct *** presented paper aims to compare different telepresence robots and their different controlling techniques to perform the needful in the respective scenario of healthcare *** paper comprehensively analyzes and reviews the applications of presented techniques to control different telepresence ***,our feature-wise analysis also points to specific technical,appropriate,and ethical challenges that remain to be *** proposed investigation summarizes the need for further multifaceted research on the design and impact of a telepresence robot for healthcare centers,building on new perceptions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： Telepresence robot controlling techniques healthcare center unmanned ground vehicle(UGV) telehealth

Computing and Implementation of a Controlled Telepresence Robot

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第8期37卷 1569-1585页

作者： Ali A.Altalbe Aamir Shahzad muhammad nasir khan Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering GC University LahoreLahore54000Pakistan

The development of human-robot interaction has been continu-ously increasing for the last *** this development,it has become simpler and safe interactions using a remotely controlled telepresence robot in an insecure and hazardous *** audio-video communication connection or data transmission stability has already been well handled by fast-growing technologies such as 5G and ***,the design of the phys-ical parameters,e.g.,maneuverability,controllability,and stability,still needs ***,the paper aims to present a systematic,controlled design and implementation of a telepresence mobile *** primary focus of this paper is to perform the computational analysis and experimental implementa-tion design with sophisticated position control,which autonomously controls the robot’s position and speed when reaching an obstacle.A system model and a position controller design are developed with root locus *** design robot results are verified experimentally,showing the robot’s agreement and control in the desired *** robot was tested by considering various parameters:driving straight ahead,right turn,self-localization and complex *** results prove that the proposed approach is flexible and adaptable and gives a better *** experimental results show that the proposed method significantly minimizes the obstacle hits.

关键词： Computing telepresence healthcare system position controller mobile robot

EXAFS Studies of Ruthenium Based Double Perovskite ALaMnRuO<sub>6</sub>(A = Ca, Sr, Ba)

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2012年第1期3卷 24-29页

作者： Rubina Shaheen Javaid Bashir muhammad nasir khan 不详

Room and liquid nitrogen temperatures Mn K-edge extended X-ray fine structure (EXAFS) studies were carried out on powder samples of ALaMnRuO6 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) perovskites. The EXAFS analysis of Mn K-edge spectra showed MnO6 octahedra are distorted. Among the three perovskites, the polyhedral distortion is highest for SrLaMnRuO6 (Δ = 1.4 × 10–3). For CaLaMnRuO6 (Δ = 0.5 × 10–3) and BaLaMnRuO6, (Δ = 0.7 × 10–3), the smaller values of distortion parameters indicate that the MnO6 octahedra are relatively regular and undistorted in the latter two systems. In SrLaMnRuO6, MnO6 distortion appears to be of orthorhombic (Q2) type whereas for CaLaMnRuO6 and BaLaMnRuO6, the distortion is of tetragonal or Q3 type. The Mn-O distances as determined from the EXAFS measurements, increases with the increase in the size of the divalent cation. No structural changes occurred in the local environment around Mn atom when the temperature was lowered from room to liquid nitrogen temperature.

关键词： A. Oxides A. Ceramics C. EXAFS D. Crystal Structure

End-To-End Encryption Enabled Lightweight Mutual Authentication Scheme for Resource Constrained IoT Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 3223-3249页

作者： Shafi Ullah Haidawati muhammad nasir Kushsairy Kadir Akbar khan Ahsanullah Memon Shanila Azhar Ilyas khan muhammad Ashraf Department of Computer Engineering Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering and Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan Computer Engineering Section Malaysian Institute of Technology Universiti Kuala LumpurKuala Lumpur50250Malaysia Electrical Engineering Section Universiti Kuala LumpurBritish Malaysian InstituteSalengor53100Malaysia Electrical Engineering Department Mehran UniversityKhairpur-Mirs76062Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication networks consist of resource-constrained autonomous devices, also known as autonomous Internet of things (IoTs) or machine-type communication devices (MTCDs) which act as a backbone for Industrial IoT, smart cities, and other autonomous systems. Due to the limited computing and memory capacity, these devices cannot maintain strong security if conventional security methods are applied such as heavy encryption. This article proposed a novel lightweight mutual authentication scheme including elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) driven end-to-end encryption through curve25519 such as (i): efficient end-to-end encrypted communication with pre-calculation strategy using curve25519;and (ii): elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) based mutual authentication technique through a novel lightweight hash function. The proposed scheme attempts to efficiently counter all known perception layer security threats. Moreover, the pre-calculated key generation strategy resulted in cost-effective encryption with 192-bit curve security. It showed comparative efficiency in key strength, and curve strength compared with similar authentication schemes in terms of computational and memory cost, communication performance and encryption robustness.

关键词： Mutual authentication lightweight end-to-end encryption elliptic curve cryptography industrial internet of things curve25519 machine-to-machine communication

An integrated photocatalytic redox architecture for simultaneous overall conversion of CO_(2)and H_(2)O toward CH_(4)and H_(2)O_(2)

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 373-382页

作者： muhammad Salman nasir Bowen Sheng Ying Zhao Haotian Ye Jun Song Jinglin Li Ping Wang Tao Wang Xinqiang Wang Zhen Huang Baowen Zhou Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Research Center for Renewable Synthetic FuelSchool of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics School of PhysicsNano-Optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education(NFC-MOE)Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Mining and Materials Engineering McGill UniversityMontrealH3A 0G4Canada Electron Microscopy Laboratory School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics Nantong 226010China Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Solar-driven overall conversion of CO_(2)and H_(2)O into fuels and chemicals shows an ultimate strategy for carbon neutrality yet remains a huge ***,an integrated photocatalytic redox architecture of Zn NPs/GaN Nanowires(NWs)/Si is explored for light-driven overall conversion of CO_(2)and H_(2)O into CH_(4)and H_(2)O_(2)simultaneously without any external sacrificial agents and *** as-designed architecture affords a benchmark CH_(4)activity of 189 mmol gcat^(-1)h^(-1)with a high selectivity of 93.6%,in the synchronized formation of H_(2)O_(2)at a considerable rate of 25 m g^(-1)h^(-1).Moreover,a considerable turnover number of 27,280 mol CH_(4)per mol Zn was achieved over a long-term operation of 80 *** operando spectroscopic characterizations,isotope experiments,and density functional theory calculations,it is unraveled that Zn sites are synergetic with GaN to drive CO_(2)-to-CH_(4)conversion with a lowered energy barrier of 0.27 eV while inhibiting hydrogen evolution reaction with a relatively high energy barrier of 0.93 ***,owing to the unique surface properties of GaN,water is split into*OH and*H,followed by the formation of H_(2)O_(2)because of the alleviated adsorption strength of*OH by Zn ***,the hierarchical architecture enables the achievement of high activity and high selectivity of CH_(4)from CO_(2)reduction in distilled water along with the generation of H_(2)O_(2).This work provides an integrated photocatalytic redox architecture for the synchronized production of CH_(4)and H_(2)O_(2)with the only inputs of CO_(2),distilled water,and light.

关键词： Zn nanoparticles GaN nanowires/Si Integrated redox architecture Artificial photosynthesis CH_(4)and H_(2)0_(2)

Prediction of Extremist Behaviour and Suicide Bombing from Terrorism Contents Using Supervised Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4411-4428页

作者： nasir Mahmood muhammad Usman Ghani khan Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and Technology54890Lahore

This study proposes an architecture for the prediction of extremist human behaviour from projected suicide *** linking‘dots’of police data comprising scattered information of people,groups,logistics,locations,communication,and spatiotemporal characters on different social media groups,the proposed architecture will spawn beneficial *** useful information will,in turn,help the police both in predicting potential terrorist events and in investigating previous ***,this architecture will aid in the identification of criminals and their associates and *** is psychological warfare,which,in the broadest sense,can be defined as the utilisation of deliberate violence for economic,political or religious *** this study,a supervised learning-based approach was adopted to develop the proposed *** dataset was prepared from the suicide bomb blast data of Pakistan obtained from the South Asia Terrorism Portal(SATP).As the proposed architecture was simulated,the supervised learning-based classifiers na飗e Bayes and Hoeffding Tree reached 72.17%*** of the additional benefits this study offers is the ability to predict the target audience of potential suicide bomb blasts,which may be used to eliminate future threats or,at least,minimise the number of casualties and other property losses.

关键词： Extremism terrorism suicide bombing crime prediction pattern recognition machine learning supervised learning

Properties of Certain Subclasses of Analytic Functions Involving q-Poisson Distribution

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第6期131卷 1465-1477页

作者： Bilal khan Zhi-Guo Liu Nazar khan Aftab Hussain nasir khan muhammad Tahir School of Mathematical Sciences and Shanghai Key Laboratory of PMMP East China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China Department of Mathematics Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Mathematics King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics FATA UniversityAkhorwal(Darra Adam Khel)FR Kohat26000Pakistan

By using the basic(or q)-Calculus many subclasses of analytic and univalent functions have been generalized and studied from different viewpoints and *** this paper,we aim to define certain new subclasses of an analytic *** then give necessary and sufficient conditions for each of the defined function *** also study necessary and sufficient conditions for a function whose coefficients are probabilities of q-Poisson *** validate our results,some known consequences are also given in the form of Remarks and Corollaries.

关键词： Analytic function q-difference operator sufficient condition q-Poisson distribution