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Cache in fog computing design,concepts,contributions,and security issues in machine learning prospective

Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第5期9卷 1033-1052页

作者： muhammad Ali naeem Yousaf Bin Zikria Rashid Ali Usman Tariq Yahui Meng Ali Kashif Bashir School of Science Guangdong University of Petrochemical TechnologyMaoming525000China Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Republic of Korea Department of Information and Communication Technologies Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Computing and Mathematics Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUnited Kingdom Woxsen School of Business Woxsen UniversityHyderabadIndia Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon

The massive growth of diversified smart devices and continuous data generation poses a challenge to communication *** deal with this problem,communication networks consider fog computing as one of promising technologies that can improve overall communication *** brings on-demand services proximate to the end devices and delivers the requested data in a short *** computing faces several issues such as latency,bandwidth,and link utilization due to limited resources and the high processing demands of end *** this end,fog caching plays an imperative role in addressing data dissemination *** study provides a comprehensive discussion of fog computing,Internet of Things(IoTs)and the critical issues related to data security and dissemination in fog ***,we determine the fog-based caching schemes and contribute to deal with the existing issues of fog ***,this paper presents a number of caching schemes with their contributions,benefits,and challenges to overcome the problems and limitations of fog *** also identify machine learning-based approaches for cache security and management in fog computing,as well as several prospective future research directions in caching,fog computing,and machine learning.

关键词： Internet of things Cloud computing Fog computing Caching Latency

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Laboratory biosafety measures of SARS-CoV-2 at containment level 2 with particular reference to its more infective variants

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Biosafety and Health 2022年第1期4卷 11-14页

作者： Wafa naeem Habiba Zeb muhammad Ibrahim Rashid Department of Molecular Biology&Genetics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesKhyber Medical UniversityPeshawar 25000Pakistan

The novel betacoronavirus(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2,SARS‐CoV‐2)is a pathogen that causes deadly respiratory disease named coronavirus disease 2019(COVID‐19).The incidence of this disease has increased in the last few months affecting 257,832,881 people in 221 countries and 51,68,069 deaths worldwide according to Worldometer at 04:03 GMT on November 22,***,the emergence of this disease creates a challenge for health care providers in handling this pathogen and reducing its risk of *** developing countries,this virus is treated in biosafety level 2 laboratories,where a high concentration of pathogen can easily affect the laboratory staff and cause the spread of this *** on the epidemiology and characteristics of the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus already discussed in recent studies,we will provide biosafety guidelines and suggestions for safe handling and transportation of the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus in dealing with the current pandemic situation with a focus on increased infectivity of emerging new variants.

关键词： SARS‐CoV‐2 Biosafety guidelines COVID‐19 PPE Laboratory acquired infections

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Designing Pair of Nonlinear Components of a Block Cipher over Gaussian Integers

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5287-5305页

作者： muhammad Sajjad Tariq shah Robinson Julian Serna Department of Mathematics Quaid-I-Azam UniversityIslamabad45320Pakistan Escuela de Matemáticas y Estadística Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de ColombiaTunja150003Columbia

In block ciphers,the nonlinear components,also known as sub-stitution boxes(S-boxes),are used with the purpose of inducing confusion in *** the last decade,most of the work on designing S-boxes over the points of elliptic curves has been *** main purpose of these studies is to hide data and improve the security levels of crypto *** this work,we design pair of nonlinear components of a block cipher over the residue class of Gaussian integers(GI).The fascinating features of this structure provide S-boxes pair at a time by fixing three *** the prime field dependent on the Elliptic curve(EC)provides one S-box at a time by fixing three parameters a,b,and *** newly designed pair of S-boxes are assessed by various tests like nonlinearity,bit independence criterion,strict avalanche criterion,linear approximation probability,and differential approximation probability.

关键词： Gaussian integers residue class of gaussian integers block cipher S-boxes analysis of S-boxes

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Deep Learning-Enhanced Brain Tumor Prediction via Entropy-Coded BPSO in CIELAB Color Space

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 2031-2047页

作者： Mudassir Khalil muhammad Imran Sharif Ahmed naeem muhammad Umar Chaudhry Hafiz Tayyab Rauf Adham E.Ragab Department of Computer Engineering Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS66506USA Department of Computer Science University of Management and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan Centre for Smart Systems AI and CybersecurityStaffordshire UniversityStoke-on-TrentST42DEUK Industrial Engineering Department Collage of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityPO Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia

Early detection of brain tumors is critical for effective treatment *** tumors in their nascent stages can significantly enhance the chances of patient *** there are various types of brain tumors,each with unique characteristics and treatment protocols,tumors are often minuscule during their initial stages,making manual diagnosis challenging,time-consuming,and potentially *** techniques predominantly used in hospitals involve manual detection via MRI scans,which can be costly,error-prone,and *** automated system for detecting brain tumors could be pivotal in identifying the disease in its earliest *** research applies several data augmentation techniques to enhance the dataset for diagnosis,including rotations of 90 and 180 degrees and inverting along vertical and horizontal *** CIELAB color space is employed for tumor image selection and ROI *** deep learning models,such as DarkNet-53 and AlexNet,are applied to extract features from the fully connected layers,following the feature selection using entropy-coded Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO).The selected features are further processed through multiple SVM kernels for *** study furthers medical imaging with its automated approach to brain tumor detection,significantly minimizing the time and cost of a manual *** method heightens the possibilities of an earlier tumor identification,creating an avenue for more successful treatment planning and better overall patient outcomes.

关键词： Brain tumor deep learning feature extraction feature selection feature fusion transfer learning

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Optimizing Power Allocation for D2D Communication with URLLC under Rician Fading Channel:A Learning-to-Optimize Approach

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第9期37卷 3193-3212页

作者： Owais muhammad Hong Jiang Mushtaq muhammad Umer Bilal muhammad naeem muhammad Ahtsam School of Information Engineering Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang621010China School of Software Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang110167China School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Sciences and TechnologyChengdu610000China

To meet the high-performance requirements of fifth-generation(5G)and sixth-generation(6G)wireless networks,in particular,ultra-reliable and low-latency communication(URLLC)is considered to be one of the most important communication scenarios in a wireless *** this paper,we consider the effects of the Rician fading channel on the performance of cooperative device-to-device(D2D)communication with *** better performance,we maximize and examine the system’s minimal rate of D2D *** to the interference in D2D communication,the problem of maximizing the minimum rate becomes non-convex and difficult to *** solve this problem,a learning-to-optimize-based algorithm is proposed to find the optimal power *** conventional branch and bound(BB)algorithm are used to learn the optimal pruning policy with supervised *** learning is used to train the multiple *** address the imbalanced problem,we used the supervised undersampling *** are made with the conventional BB algorithm and the heuristic *** outcome of the simulation demonstrates a notable performance improvement in power *** proposed algorithm has significantly low computational complexity and runs faster as compared to the conventional BB algorithm and a heuristic algorithm.

关键词： D2D URLLC rician fading supervised learning

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Optimal Resource Allocation in Fog Computing for Healthcare Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 6147-6163页

作者： Salman Khan Ibrar Ali shah Nasser Tairan Habib shah muhammad Faisal Nadeem Department of Computer Software Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyMardan23200Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbhaK.S.A Informatics Complex H-8Islamabad44000Pakistan

In recent years,the significant growth in the Internet of Things(IoT)technology has brought a lot of attention to information and communication *** IoT paradigms like the Internet of Vehicle Things(IoVT)and the Internet of Health Things(IoHT)create massive volumes of data every day which consume a lot of bandwidth and ***,to process such large volumes of data,the existing cloud computing platforms offer limited resources due to their distance from IoT ***,cloudcomputing systems produce intolerable latency problems for latency-sensitive real-time ***,a newparadigm called fog computingmakes use of computing nodes in the form of mobile devices,which utilize and process the real-time IoT devices data in orders of *** paper proposes workload-aware efficient resource allocation and load balancing in the fog-computing environment for the *** proposed algorithmic framework consists of the following components:task sequencing,dynamic resource allocation,and load *** consider electrocardiography(ECG)sensors for patient’s critical tasks to achieve maximum load balancing among fog nodes and to measure the performance of end-to-end delay,energy,network consumption and average *** proposed algorithm has been evaluated using the iFogSim tool,and results with the existing approach have been *** experimental results exhibit that the proposed technique achieves a 45%decrease in delay,37%reduction in energy consumption,and 25%decrease in network bandwidth consumption compared to the existing studies.

关键词： Fog computing internet of health things resource management

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Vibrations of FGM thin cylindrical shells with exponential volume fraction law

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2009年第5期30卷 607-615页

作者： Abdul Ghafar shah Tahir Mahmood muhammad Nawaz naeem Department of Mathematics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Department of Mathematics Government College University

In this paper, the influence of an exponential volume fraction law on the vibration frequencies of thin functionally graded cylindrical shells is studied. Material properties in the shell thickness direction are graded in accordance with the exponential law. Expressions for the strain-displacement and curvature-displacement relationships are taken from Love＇s thin shell theory. The Rayleigh-Ritz approach is used to derive the shell eigenfrequency equation. Axial modal dependence is assumed in the characteristic beam functions. Natural frequencies of the shells are observed to be dependent on the constituent volume fractions. The results are compared with those available in the literature for the validity of the present methodology.

关键词： functionally graded material (FGM) vibration cylindrical shell Rayleigh- Ritz method exponential volume fraction law

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On Riemann-Type Weighted Fractional Operators and Solutions to Cauchy Problems

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第7期136卷 901-919页

作者： muhammad Samraiz muhammad Umer Thabet Abdeljawad Saima Naheed Gauhar Rahman Kamal shah Department of Mathematics University of SargodhaP.O.Box 40100Sargodha40100Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Sciences Prince Sultan UniversityP.O.Box 66833Riyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan Department of Mathematics and Statistics Hazara University MansehraMansehra21300Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of MalakandChakdara Dir(L)KPK18000Pakistan

In this paper,we establish the new forms of Riemann-type fractional integral and derivative *** novel fractional integral operator is proved to be bounded in Lebesgue space and some classical fractional integral and differential operators are obtained as special *** properties of new operators like semi-group,inverse and certain others are discussed and its weighted Laplace transform is *** integro-differential freeelectron laser(FEL)and kinetic equations are *** solutions to these new equations are obtained by using the modified weighted Laplace *** Cauchy problem and a growth model are designed as applications along with graphical ***,the conclusion section indicates future directions to the readers.

关键词： Weighted fractional operators weighted laplace transform integro-differential free-electron laser equation kinetic differ-integral equation

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Traffic Sign Detection with Low Complexity for Intelligent Vehicles Based on Hybrid Features

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第7期76卷 861-879页

作者： Sara Khalid Jamal Hussain shah muhammad Sharif muhammad Rafiq Gyu Sang Choi Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadWah CampusWah Cantt47040Pakistan Department of Game and Mobile Engineering Keimyung UniversityDaegu42601Korea Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Globally traffic signs are used by all countries for healthier traffic flow and to protect drivers and ***,traffic signs have been of great importance for every civilized country,which makes researchers give more focus on the automatic detection of traffic *** these traffic signs is challenging due to being in the dark,far away,partially occluded,and affected by the lighting or the presence of similar *** innovative traffic sign detection method for red and blue signs in color images is proposed to resolve these *** technique aimed to devise an efficient,robust and accurate *** attain this,initially,the approach presented a new formula,inspired by existing work,to enhance the image using red and green channels instead of blue,which segmented using a threshold calculated from the correlational property of the ***,a new set of features is proposed,motivated by existing *** and color features are fused after getting extracted on the channel of Red,Green,and Blue(RGB),Hue,Saturation,and Value(HSV),and YCbCr color models of ***,the set of features is employed on different classification frameworks,from which quadratic support vector machine(SVM)outnumbered the others with an accuracy of 98.5%.The proposed method is tested on German Traffic Sign Detection Benchmark(GTSDB)*** results are satisfactory when compared to the preceding work.

关键词： Traffic sign detection intelligent systems complexity vehicles color moments texture features

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Vibration analysis of damaged and undamaged steel structure systems: cantilever column and frame

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2020年第3期19卷 725-737页

作者： muhammad Abuzar Khan Kareem Akhtar Naveed Ahmad Feroz shah naeem Khattak Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering&TechnologyPeshawar KPK 25120Pakistan Earthquake Engineering Center Department of Civil EngineeringUET PeshawarPakistan

This paper presents the experimental and numerical studies conducted on a steel column and a steel frame structure using free vibration *** effects of damages on structures were investigated,which were simulated by introducing multiple cracks at different locations in the experimental and numerical *** acceleration responses of the test models,were recorded through an accelerometer,and were used to calibrate the numerical models developed in finite element based *** frequencies of damaged and undamaged structures were compared and analyzed,to derive relationships for damaged and undamaged structures’frequencies in terms of crack *** was found that,due to the presence of cracks,the mechanical properties of a structure changes,whereby,the modal frequencies *** approximately linear trend was observed for the frequency decrease with the increase in crack depth,which was also confirmed by the numerical *** derived relationships were extended to further develop a mechanics-based damage scale for steel structures,to help facilitate structural health monitoring and screening of vulnerable structures.

关键词： steel column frame

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