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National Science Review 2021年第10期8卷 79-88页

作者： Renfei Chen Jinzhi Ran Weigang Hu Longwei Dong Mingfei Ji Xin Jia Jingli Lu Haiyang Gong muhammad Aqeel Shuran Yao Lizhe An Jin-Sheng He Karl J.Niklas Jianming Deng State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem School of Life Sciences Lanzhou University Yanchi Research Station School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry University Plant Biology Section School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell University

The extent to which key factors at the global scale influence plant biomass allocation patterns remains unclear. Here, we provide a theory about how biotic and abiotic factors influence plant biomass allocation and evaluate its predictions using a large global database for forested communities. Our analyses confirm theoretical predictions that temperature, precipitation, and plant height and density jointly regulate the quotient of leaf biomass and total biomass, and that they have a much weaker effect on shoot(leaf plus stem) biomass fractions at a global scale. Moreover, biotic factors have larger effects than abiotic *** variables act equally on shoot and root growth, and differences in plant body size and age, as well as community species composition, which vary with climate in ways that drown out the variations in biomass fractions. The theory and data presented here provide mechanistic explanations of why climate has little effect on biomass fractions.

关键词： biomass allocation leaf biomass allometry plant density plant height scaling exponents

青藏高原中部色林错湖泊沉积物色度反映末次冰盛期以来区域古气候演化

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干旱区地理 2019年第3期42卷 551-558页

作者：杜丁丁 muhammad Saleem Mughal Dembele Blaise 张成君东华理工大学地球科学学院江西南昌330013 兰州大学地质科学与矿产资源学院甘肃省西部矿产资源重点实验室甘肃兰州730000

色林错湖位于青藏高原内部,是西藏第一大咸水内陆湖。研究区剖面选自色林错第三湖泊阶地,利用常用气候替代指标色度,结合粒度、碳酸盐含量[CaCO3(%)]、矿物分析和全有机质(TOC)等进行对比分析,同时采用14C测年方法对剖面进行准确的年代... 详细信息

色林错湖位于青藏高原内部,是西藏第一大咸水内陆湖。研究区剖面选自色林错第三湖泊阶地,利用常用气候替代指标色度,结合粒度、碳酸盐含量[CaCO3(%)]、矿物分析和全有机质(TOC)等进行对比分析,同时采用14C测年方法对剖面进行准确的年代划分,初步探讨了末次冰盛期以来色林错湖泊沉积物色度增强机制的差异性。研究表明:a*、b*与中粗粒砂、磁化率具有较好的相关性;亮度L*与CaCO3(%)具较好相关性;因而沉积物色度变化可反应区域古气候变化。同时对湖泊沉积物矿物分析发现,影响色度变化的制色矿物主要是针铁矿,且以还原环境为主。红度a*高值与亮度L*低值对应气候暖湿气候环境,沉积物粒度较粗,碳酸盐含量低,有机质含量高,磁化率较高值;反之,红度a*低值,L*高值,粒度较细,碳酸盐含量高,有机质含量低,磁化率低值,对应干冷气候。在17.4~15.5 cal ka BP阶段,对应干冷的气候特点;在15.5~10.4 cal ka BP阶段,对应温暖湿润的气候;在10.4~5.2 cal ka BP阶段,整体属于温暖湿润的气候特点;其中,在9.7~9.4 cal ka BP和8.75~8.5 cal ka BP为两个重要的冷事件,属于干湿的气候特点;在5.2~1.2 cal ka BP阶段,反映了干冷的气候特征;在4.3~4.0 cal ka BP,3.3~3.0 cal ka BP和2.4~1.75 cal ka BP,反映了干旱温暖的气候特点;在1.2 cal ka BP以后,色林错湖湖水迅速下降。

关键词：色度粒度古气候环境色林错湖泊

Re-designing Conventional Face Mask by Using Triz(Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch)Method

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Journal of Management Science & Engineering Research 2021年第1期4卷 1-7页

作者： Ahmad Padhil Arfandi Ahmad muhammad Arman muhammad Dafha Reza Ramadhan Saputra Ramlan Rifdat Indratma Nurul Dwiana Lestari Department of Industrial Engineering Universitas Muslim IndonesiaMakassarIndonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Muslim IndonesiaMakassarIndonesia

New Normal becomes the way out to keep Indonesia's weakened economy because of covid-19 pandemic stays in *** course,New Normal must be well-balanced with the application of strict protocols to reduce transmission rates and anticipate a surge in new *** a few points of pandemic protocols,using face mask is considered as the most-effective basic ***-designing the mask is aiming at eliminating the worsening feature and developing the improving *** research is developing the widely used 1-ply mask,which doesn't meet WHO standard regarding cloth-material mask that must be made in *** method used in this research is TRIZ(Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch),an inventive problem solving theory to the issues regarding ideas,products,or concepts,in this case is face mask redesigning *** this research,the data are collected by doing library research to obtain secondary data that will be processed in qualitative and quantitative *** results show the aspects that should be eliminated from cloth-material face mask are brittle for being easily damaged,short period of usage,and *** the redesigning concept is carried out using the principles and features of TRIZ method,some aspects such as weight,material,design,and functionality are *** result is a relatively light weight face mask because the using of PLA+filament-based material with good durability and environmentally *** design has a longer period of usage,and the user only needs to replace the additional inserted tissue every 4 *** researchers hope that the new design can be further developed by government to deal with New Normal and other possibilities in the future.

关键词： New Normal Covid-19 Face mask Re-designing TRIZ

Serum Immunoglobulin Concentrations in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Cases during Active and Inactive Disease States

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 49-59页

作者： Sajib muhammad Rayhan Kamrul Laila Shahana A. Rahman Consultant (Paediatrics) Kalkini Upazila Health Complex Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Paediatrics Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Paediatrics (on PRL) Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease in children. Both the humoral and cell mediated immunities are involved in the pathogenesis of JIA. It is reported that overall immunoglobulin levels in JIA patients are significantly higher than their control during the active state of disease. Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted over a period of 18 months All the newly diagnosed oligo-articular and poly-articular JIA patients having active disease were included by purposive sampling. Data were collected by a semi-structured predesigned questionnaire. Result: Most of the study subjects (57.6%) belonged to age group > 3 - 9 years. Oligo JIA was diagnosed in 66.7% and poly JIA in 33.3% of JIA children. The difference in mean (±SD) ESR (33.52 ± 21.29 and 15.09 ± 7.71 mm in 1st hour) at active and inactive states was highly significant. Mean (±SD) difference of IgG, IgM and IgA in active and inactive states of disease were highly significant. Conclusion: Higher and abnormal levels of immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, and IgA) were present among JIA patients in active disease state which became normal during inactive disease state after treatment.

关键词： JIA Oligoarticular JIA Polyarticular JIA Immunoglobulins Acitive Disease Inactive Disease

Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anaemia in School and College Going Students of District Shaheed Benazirabad Sindh Province, Pakistan

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2016年第4期6卷 67-78页

作者： Niaz Hussain Jamali Hidayatullah Mahesar muhammad Aqeel Bhutto Department of Community Medicine Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women Nawabshah Pakistan Department of Physiology University of Sindh Jamshoro Jamshoro Pakistan Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering University of Sindh Jamshoro Pakistan

The present study aimed to estimate the occurrence of Iron Deficiency anemia (IDA) in school and college going students (aged 11 - 18 years). Anemia is the most public health problem in school age children. It has a wide range of adverse results involving, poor cognitive performance, poor development of infants, preschool and school-aged children. Anemia also causes the impairment of physical capacity, work performance of adolescents and adults, reduction in immune competence and increased morbidity from infections in all age groups. Our study based on 1686 volunteers was randomly selected from different Government High schools and colleges. A Questionnaire was utilized for data collection. BMI was also calculated by dividing weight in kg by the square of height in meters. Hemoglobin (Hb), Hematocrite (Hct), Mean Corpuscular volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), white blood cell (WBC) and red blood cell was examined using Sysmex kx-21N hemoglobin auto analyzer (Hedwin, 2008). The total percentage of anaemic students (43.1%) and non-anaemic (56.9%) were observed in district Shaheed Benazirabad. The mean Hb level of anaemic students (11.1 ± 4.94) was observed. In males (12.7%) and females (30.4%) anemic was observed. The prevalence of anemia high (16.2%) was observed in the age of 14 - 16 years. The majority of anemic patients (30.2%) belonged to low income group. Area wise prevalence, in rural areas 27.8% and urban areas 15.3% volunteers anaemic was observed. Taluka wise occurrence of anaemia in taluka Sakrand was (14.6%), in taluka Kazi Ahmed (15.0%), in taluka Daur (8.0%) and in taluka Nawabshah was (5.5%). Clinically signs and symptoms showed, pale skin 57.7% and weakness 42.3% were observed in school children.

关键词： Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) Haemglobin (Hb) Red Blood Cell (RBC) White Blood Cell (WBC) Hematocrit (Hct) Body Mass Index (BMI) School Children Pale Skin

Buffalo:A Dairy Animal of Pakistan

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Buffalo:A Dairy Animal of Pakistan

3D printing for ultra-precision machining:current status,opportunities,and future perspectives

第三届中国奶牛发展大会

作者： muhammad Moaeen-ud-Din China Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Genetics and Reproduction College of Animal Science & TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070HubeiPR China Dept.of Livestock Production University of Veterinary and Animal SciencesLahore52000PunjabPakistan

1 .Introduction Although,Pakistan is an agricultural country and livestock sector is an integral component of agriculture besed economy as this sector is contributing about 46.0

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第4期19卷 1-28页

作者： Tao HE Wai Sze YIP Edward Hengzhou YAN Jiuxing TANG muhammad REHAN Long TENG Chi Ho WONG Linhe SUN Baolong ZHANG Feng GUO Shaohe ZHANG Suet TO State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Additive manufacturing,particularly 3D printing,has revolutionized the manufacturing industry by allowing the production of complex and intricate parts at a lower cost and with greater ***,3D-printed parts frequently require post-processing or integration with other machining technologies to achieve the desired surface finish,accuracy,and mechanical ***-precision machining(UPM)is a potential machining technology that addresses these challenges by enabling high surface quality,accuracy,and repeatability in 3D-printed *** study provides an overview of the current state of UPM for 3D printing,including the current UPM and 3D printing stages,and the application of UPM to 3D *** the presentation of current stage perspectives,this study presents a detailed discussion of the benefits of combining UPM with 3D printing and the opportunities for leveraging UPM on 3D printing or supporting each *** particular,future opportunities focus on cutting tools manufactured via 3D printing for UPM,UPM of 3D-printed components for real-world applications,and post-machining of 3D-printed ***,future prospects for integrating the two advanced manufacturing technologies into potential industries are *** study concludes that UPM is a promising technology for 3D-printed components,exhibiting the potential to improve the functionality and performance of 3D-printed products in various *** also discusses how UPM and 3D printing can complement each other.

关键词： ultra-precision machining 3D printing additive manufacturing future perspectives start-of-the-art-review

Investigation of the Effects of Some Physical Parameters and Hall Current on MHD Fluid Flow with Heat Flux over a Porous Medium

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2021年第7期11卷 652-664页

作者： muhammad Nasir Sarki Abdullahi Ahmed Ime Jimmy Uwanta Department of Mathematics Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aliero Nigeria Department of Mathematics Kebbi State Polytechnic Dakingari Nigeria Department of Mathematics Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto Nigeria

In this paper, an investigation of the effects of some physical parameters and Hall current on magneto hydrodynamics (MHD) fluid flow with heat flux over a porous medium was carefully examined, taking into consideration Hall effects where the temperature and concentration are assumed to be oscillating with time. Furthermore, perturbation method is used in solving the governing equations. The profiles of velocity, temperature and concentration are presented graphically, going into the problem the primary and secondary velocity are presented and compute for some physical parameters such as mass Grashof number (Gc), Schmidt number Sc, Prandtl number (Pr) viscoelastic parameter (K1) and hall current parameter (m). Results indicated that primary velocity increases with increase in values of Gc on one hand and on the other hand it decreases with increase in the values of Pr, K1 and m. Secondary velocity demonstrated opposite trend.

关键词： Hall Current Heat Flux Porous Medium

Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis with Interstitial Lung Disease—Case Report and Literature Review

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Open Journal of Thoracic Surgery 2024年第2期14卷 40-45页

作者： Efosa Imuetinyan Irshad Soomro muhammad Hawari Adnan Raza Department of Thoracic Surgery Nottingham University Hospital Nottingham UK Department of Pathology Nottingham University Hospital Nottingham UK

Amyloidosis is a rare spectrum of disease which involves deposition of misfolded extracellular proteins (amyloids) in various body organs leading to progressive organ dysfunction. Clinical presentation can be variable depending on the organ involved and type of protein. Amyloidosis can be classified based on quantity, type, and location of these proteins. Amyloid light-chain amyloidosis develops in the bone marrow, producing abnormal forms of light-chain proteins, which cannot be broken down. These proteins transform into amyloid fibrils and form amyloid deposits in different organs. Pulmonary amyloidosis is uncommonly diagnosed since it is rarely symptomatic. Diagnosis of pulmonary amyloidosis is usually made in the setting of systemic amyloidosis;however, it may present as localised pulmonary disease. Localized pulmonary Amyloidosis can present as nodular, cystic, or tracheobronchial amyloidosis. Depending on the degree of the interstitial involvement, it may affect alveolar gas exchange and cause respiratory symptoms. This is a case of a 47-year-old female with background history of interstitial lung disease presenting with progressive shortness of breath. Computed tomography scan revealed bilateral pulmonary nodules. The patient was referred to our thoracic surgery team with the suspicion of bronchogenic malignancy with metastasis. Diagnostic video assisted wedge resection was performed for this patient, and histology confirmed pulmonary amyloidosis of nodular type. Amyloid deposition simulates both inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. Definitive diagnosis requires biopsy confirmation therefore early detection and commencing the patient on appropriate treatment pathway may help in symptomatic relief and better outcome.

关键词： Nodular Amyloidosis Interstitial Lung Disease Immunomodulatory Drugs