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Ir single atoms on NiFeZn-LDH matrix for exceptional oxygen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7039-7044页

作者： muhammad Israr muhammad Humayun Jiaqi Zhang Khadim Shah Xin Tan Chen Chen Yadong Li Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Energy Water and Environment LabCollege of Humanities and SciencePrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia

To address the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER),a potential approach is to rationally design and fabricate extremely effective single atom catalysts(SACs).Using an appropriate matrix to stabilize single-atom active centers with optimal geometric and electronic structures is crucial for enhancing catalytic ***,we report the design and fabrication of Ir single atoms on NiFeZn layered double hydroxide(Ir-SAC/NiFeZn-LDH)electrocatalyst for highly efficient and stable *** is investigated that the NiFeZn support exhibits abundant defect sites and unsaturated coordination *** sites function to anchor and stabilize single Ir single atoms on the *** strong synergetic electronic interaction between the Ir single atoms and the NiFeZn matrix resulted in remarkable OER performance of the as-fabricated Ir-SAC/NiFeZn *** a loading Ir content of 1.09 wt.%,this catalyst demonstrates a highly stable OER activity,with an overpotential of 196 mV at 10 mA·cm^(−2) and a small Tafel slope of 35 mV·dec^(−1) for the OER in a 1 M KOH *** results significantly surpass the performance of the commercially available IrO_(2) catalyst.

关键词： Ir single atoms layered double hydroxides rational design geometric optimization oxygen evolution reaction

Ion-acoustic waves with non-planar wavefronts

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第1期26卷 1-7页

作者： Shujaht BUKHARI muhammad SHAHID Ata-ur RAHMAN Department of Physics The University of Azad Jummu and KashmirMuzaffarabad 13100Azad Kashmir Department of Physics Women University of Azad Jammu&KashmirBagh 12500Pakistan Department of Physics Islamia College PeshawerPeshawar 25120Pakistan

The ion-acoustic(IA) mode exhibiting various orbital angular momentum(OAM) states is examined in a plasma with drifting *** constituent plasma species are modeled with a non-gyrotropic Maxwellian distribution and discussion of dispersion relation and growth rate of twisted IA waves under various conditions is *** the domain of kinetic model,the twisted IA waves are characterized by Laguerre-Gaussian(LG) solutions,where plasma distribution function and electric field are decomposed into axial and azimuthal *** plasma response function is obtained under paraxial approximations and investigated for threshold condition of instability growth rate with helical electric field *** impact of an extra electron specie on the instability is demonstrated through a comparison of twisted waves for single and double electron species.

关键词： instability twist parameter wave excitation orbital angular momentum threshold limit

Modeling environmental sensitivity and risk assessment of PAHs in sediments along two marine coastal areas in Egypt

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Petroleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 125-142页

作者： muhammad A.El-Alfy National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries NIOFCairoEgypt

Modeling the environmental sensitivity index(ESI)is vital in the planning and management processes,especially along the coastal *** main objectives of the study were to define the main sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),establish an ESI model,and measure the risk of PAHs on humans and the environment using various *** methodology of the research involved analyzing PAHs according to the EPA 550 methodology in sediments of the coastline in two important coastline areas in Egypt,namely the Gulf of Suez and the Mediterranean Sea,modeling the sensitivity of PAHs using ArcGIS 10.5 by integrating different physical,biological,and land use/cover factors,identifying the sources,and performing a risk *** sediment samples were collected from each *** produced sensitivity map could explain the highly sensitive areas along the Mediterranean Sea and Gulf of Suez coastlines(especially areas that were near drains'outlets,industrial sites,and sea ports).The highest mean PAH concentrations were Acenaphthylene and Fluorine in the Mediterranean Sea and Suez Gulf,***'s obvious that the individual PAH concentrations were within the ERL,ERM,and PEL threshold limits,indicating no adverse biological *** ratios of BaA/BaA+Chy,Flu/Flu+Py,and Ant/Ant+Phe gave an indication that most PAH sources were petrogenic(63.64%)and others(36.36%)were from petroleum *** principle component analysis(PCA)indicated a diverse correlation among the isomer ratios and LU/LC *** carcinogenic risk values were in the very low category(<10^(-6))for both children and *** most significant contributors to carcinogenicity were IP and BkFlu in the Mediterranean Sea and Suez Gulf,*** sources of carbon in seawater,especially with climatic change,may impact the aquatic environment and have impacts on organisms and coral *** it is highly recommended to keep shorelines and seawater free of oil spillage act

关键词： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) Modeling Sensitivity Gulf of Suez And Mediterranean sea

Modelling of debris-flow susceptibility and propagation: a case study from Northwest Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 200-217页

作者： Hamza DAUD Javed Iqbal TANOLI Sardar muhammad ASIF muhammad QASIM muhammad ALI Junaid KHAN Zahid Imran BHATTI Ishtiaq Ahmad Khan JADOON Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Earth Sciences COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad Campus 22010Pakistan Department of Earth Sciences Sultan Qaboos UniversityAl-KhoudMascat 123Oman Faculty of Engineering China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan 430074China Department of Earth Sciences Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyHavelian 22500Pakistan

The geological and geographical position of the Northwest Himalayas makes it a vulnerable area for mass movements particularly landslides and debris flows. Mass movements have had a substantial impact on the study area which is extending along Karakorum Highway(KKH) from Besham to Chilas. Intense seismicity, deep gorges, steep terrain and extreme climatic events trigger multiple mountain hazards along the KKH, among which debris flow is recognized as the most destructive geohazard. This study aims to prepare a field-based debris flow inventory map at a regional scale along a 200 km stretch from Besham to Chilas. A total of 117 debris flows were identified in the field, and subsequently, a point-based debris-flow inventory and catchment delineation were performed through Arc GIS analysis. Regional scale debris flow susceptibility and propagation maps were prepared using Weighted Overlay Method(WOM) and Flow-R technique sequentially. Predisposing factors include slope, slope aspect, elevation, Topographic Roughness Index(TRI), Topographic Wetness Index(TWI), stream buffer, distance to faults, lithology rainfall, curvature, and collapsed material layer. The dataset was randomly divided into training data(75%) and validation data(25%). Results were validated through the Receiver Operator Characteristics(ROC) curve. Results show that Area Under the Curve(AUC) using WOM model is 79.2%. Flow-R propagation of debris flow shows that the 13.15%, 22.94%, and 63.91% areas are very high, high, and low susceptible to debris flow respectively. The propagation predicated by Flow-R validates the naturally occurring debris flow propagation as observed in the field surveys. The output of this research will provide valuable input to the decision makers for the site selection, designing of the prevention system, and for the protection of current infrastructure.

关键词： North Pakistan Debris flow Flow-R Propagation Susceptibility mapping Debris-flow inventory Weighted Overlay Method

AI-Driven Learning Management Systems:Modern Developments, Challenges and Future Trends during theAge of ChatGPT

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 3289-3314页

作者： Sameer Qazi muhammad Bilal Kadri muhammad Naveed Bilal AKhawaja Sohaib Zia Khan muhammad Mansoor Alam Mazliham Mohd Su’ud Department of Computer Science Faculty of EngineeringScience and TechnologyIQRA UniversityKarachi75500Pakistan College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical EngineeringIslamic University of MadinahP.O.BOX 170Madinah41411Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical EngineeringIslamic University of MadinahP.O.BOX 170Madinah41411Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing Riphah International UniversityIslamabad46000Pakistan Faculty of Computing and Informatics(FCI)Multimedia University Cyberjaya63100Malaysia Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology School of Computer ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSW 2007Australia

COVID-19 pandemic restrictions limited all social activities to curtail the spread of the *** foremost and most prime sector among those affected were schools,colleges,and *** education system of entire nations had shifted to online education during this *** shortcomings of Learning Management Systems(LMSs)were detected to support education in an online mode that spawned the research in Artificial Intelligence(AI)based tools that are being developed by the research community to improve the effectiveness of *** paper presents a detailed survey of the different enhancements to LMSs,which are led by key advances in the area of AI to enhance the real-time and non-real-time user *** AI-based enhancements proposed to the LMSs start from the Application layer and Presentation layer in the form of flipped classroom models for the efficient learning environment and appropriately designed UI/UX for efficient utilization of LMS utilities and resources,including AI-based *** layer enhancements are also required,such as AI-based online proctoring and user authentication using *** extend to the Transport layer to support real-time and rate adaptive encrypted video transmission for user security/privacy and satisfactory working of *** also needs the support of the Networking layer for IP-based geolocation features,the Virtual Private Network(VPN)feature,and the support of Software-Defined Networks(SDN)for optimum Quality of Service(QoS).Finally,in addition to these,non-real-time user experience is enhanced by other AI-based enhancements such as Plagiarism detection algorithms and Data Analytics.

关键词： Learning management systems chatbots ChatGPT online education Internet of Things(IoT) artificial intelligence(AI) convolutional neural networks natural language processing

The big data challenge-and how polypharmacology supports the translation from pre-clinical research into clinical use against neurodegenerative diseases and beyond

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1647-1648页

作者： Sven Marcel Stefan muhammad Rafehi Drug Development and Chemical Biology Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology(LIED)University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-HolsteinLübeckGermany Department of Pathology Section of NeuropathologyTranslational Neurodegeneration Research and Neuropathology LabUniversity of Oslo and Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Institute of Clinical Pharmacology University Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany Department of Medical Education Augsburg University MedicineAugsburgGermany

Introductory comments:The identification and validation of disease-modifying proteins are fundamental aspects in drug ***,the m ultifactority of n eurodegen era tive diseases poses a real challenge for targeted ***,the behavior of individually(over-)expressed to rget proteins in vitro is likely to differ from their actual functional behavior when embedded in cascades and pathways in vivo.

关键词： translation beyond likely

The Impact of Domain Name Server(DNS)over Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure(HTTPS)on Cyber Security:Limitations,Challenges,and Detection Techniques

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 4513-4542页

作者： muhammad Dawood Shanshan Tu Chuangbai Xiao muhammad Haris Hisham Alasmary muhammad Waqas Sadaqat Ur Rehman Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China National Center of Robotics and Automation University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia School of Computing and Engineering Sciences Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversity of GreenwichLondonSE109LSUnited Kingdom School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityPerthWA 6027Australia School of Computer Science and Engineering University of SalfordManchesterM54BRUnited Kingdom

The DNS over HTTPS(Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure)(DoH)is a new technology that encrypts DNS traffic,enhancing the privacy and security of ***,the adoption of DoH is still facing several research challenges,such as ensuring security,compatibility,standardization,performance,privacy,and increasing user *** significantly impacts network security,including better end-user privacy and security,challenges for network security professionals,increasing usage of encrypted malware communication,and difficulty adapting DNS-based security ***,it is important to understand the impact of DoH on network security and develop newprivacy-preserving techniques to allowthe analysis of DoH traffic without compromising user *** paper provides an in-depth analysis of the effects of DoH on *** discuss various techniques for detecting DoH tunneling and identify essential research challenges that need to be addressed in future security ***,this paper highlights the need for continued research and development to ensure the effectiveness of DoH as a tool for improving privacy and security.

关键词： DNS DNS over HTTPS cybersecurity machine learning

Model Agnostic Meta-Learning(MAML)-Based Ensemble Model for Accurate Detection of Wheat Diseases Using Vision Transformer and Graph Neural Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2795-2811页

作者： Yasir Maqsood Syed muhammad Usman Musaed Alhussein Khursheed Aurangzeb Shehzad Khalid muhammad Zubair Department of Creative Technologies Faculty of Computing and Artificial IntelligenceAir UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering Bahria School of Engineering and Applied SciencesBahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Laboratory for Neuro&Psychophysiology KU LeuvenLeuven3000Belgium

Wheat is a critical crop,extensively consumed worldwide,and its production enhancement is essential to meet escalating *** presence of diseases like stem rust,leaf rust,yellow rust,and tan spot significantly diminishes wheat yield,making the early and precise identification of these diseases vital for effective disease *** advancements in deep learning algorithms,researchers have proposed many methods for the automated detection of disease pathogens;however,accurately detectingmultiple disease pathogens simultaneously remains a *** challenge arises due to the scarcity of RGB images for multiple diseases,class imbalance in existing public datasets,and the difficulty in extracting features that discriminate between multiple classes of disease *** this research,a novel method is proposed based on Transfer Generative Adversarial Networks for augmenting existing data,thereby overcoming the problems of class imbalance and data *** study proposes a customized architecture of Vision Transformers(ViT),where the feature vector is obtained by concatenating features extracted from the custom ViT and Graph Neural *** paper also proposes a Model AgnosticMeta Learning(MAML)based ensemble classifier for accurate *** proposedmodel,validated on public datasets for wheat disease pathogen classification,achieved a test accuracy of 99.20%and an F1-score of 97.95%.Compared with existing state-of-the-art methods,this proposed model outperforms in terms of accuracy,F1-score,and the number of disease pathogens *** future,more diseases can be included for detection along with some other modalities like pests and weed.

关键词： Wheat disease detection deep learning vision transformer graph neural network model agnostic meta learning

The Correlation between Nutrition and Transport Mechanism under Abiotic Stress in Plants: A Comprehensive Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1325-1344页

作者： muhammad Saleem Jianhua Zhang muhammad Qasim Rashid Iqbal Li Song Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety The Ministry of Education of ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China Microelement Research Center College of Resources and EnvironmentHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture and EnvironmentThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan

Variations in the nutrients and water that plants require for metabolism,development,and the maintenance of cellular homeostasis are the main causes of abiotic stress in *** has,however,hardly ever been studied how these transporter proteins,such as aquaporin which is responsible for food and water intake in cell plasma mem-branes,interact with one *** review aims to explore the interactions between nutrient transporters and aquaporins during water and nutrient *** also investigates how symbiotic relationships inﬂuence the plant genome’s responses to regulatory processes such as photoperiodism,senescence,and nitrogenﬁ*** responses are observed in reaction to various abiotic *** instance,plasma membrane transporters are upregulated during macronutrient insufﬁciency,tonoplast transporters are overexpressed,and aquaporins are downregulated in micronutrient deﬁ***,tolerant plants often exhibit increased expression of nutrient transporters and aquaporins in response to drought,salt,and cold *** better comprehend plant stress tolerance to abiotic challenges including starvation,K famine,salt,and freezing temperatures,both classes of nutrient and water transporters should be considered at the same time.

关键词： Nutrients abiotic stress aquaporin transporters