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A Systematic Literature Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Approaches for Spectral Image Classification in Agricultural Applications Using Aerial Photography

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 2967-3000页

作者： Usman Khan muhammad khalid Khan muhammad Ayub Latif muhammad Naveed muhammad Mansoor Alam Salman A.Khan Mazliham Mohd Su’ud College of Computing and Information Sciences Karachi Institute of Economics and TechnologyKarachi75190Pakistan Faculty of Computing and Informatics(FCI) Multimedia UniversityCyberjaya63100Malaysia Faculty of Computing Riphah International UniversityIslamabad46000Pakistan Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology School of Computer ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyAustralia

Recently,there has been a notable surge of interest in scientific research regarding spectral images.The potential of these images to revolutionize the digital photography industry,like aerial photography through Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs),has captured considerable attention.One encouraging aspect is their combination with machine learning and deep learning algorithms,which have demonstrated remarkable outcomes in image classification.As a result of this powerful amalgamation,the adoption of spectral images has experienced exponential growth across various domains,with agriculture being one of the prominent beneficiaries.This paper presents an extensive survey encompassing multispectral and hyperspectral images,focusing on their applications for classification challenges in diverse agricultural areas,including plants,grains,fruits,and vegetables.By meticulously examining primary studies,we delve into the specific agricultural domains where multispectral and hyperspectral images have found practical use.Additionally,our attention is directed towards utilizing machine learning techniques for effectively classifying hyperspectral images within the agricultural context.The findings of our investigation reveal that deep learning and support vector machines have emerged as widely employed methods for hyperspectral image classification in agriculture.Nevertheless,we also shed light on the various issues and limitations of working with spectral images.This comprehensive analysis aims to provide valuable insights into the current state of spectral imaging in agriculture and its potential for future advancements.

关键词： Machine learning deep learning unmanned aerial vehicles multi-spectral images image recognition object detection hyperspectral images aerial photography

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Advances in Zika virus vaccines and therapeutics:A systematic review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第3期17卷 97-109页

作者： Shiza Malik khalid muhammad Omar Ahsan muhammad Tahir Khan Ranjit Sah Yasir Waheed Bridging Health Foundation Rawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Biology College of SciencesUAE University15551Al AinUnited Arab Emirates Department of Medicine Foundation University Medical CollegeFoundation University IslamabadIslamabad 44000Pakistan INTI International University Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai71800 NilaiNegeri SembilanMalaysia Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology the University of LahoreKM Defence RoadLahore 58810Pakistan Zhongjing Research and Industrialization Institute of Chinese Medicine Zhongguancun Scientific ParkNanyang 473006China Department of Microbiology Tribhuvan University Teaching HospitalInstitute of MedicineKathmandu 44600Nepal Department of Microbiology Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical CollegeHospital and Research CentreDr.D.Y.Patil VidyapeethPune 411018MaharashtraIndia Department of Public Health Dentistry Dr.D.Y.Patil Dental College and HospitalDr.D.Y.Patil VidyapeethPune 411018MaharashtraIndia Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine Lebanese American UniversityByblos 1401Lebanon

Zika virus(ZIKV)is the causative agent of a viral infection that causes neurological complications in newborns and adults worldwide.Its wide transmission route and alarming spread rates are of great concern to the scientific community.Numerous trials have been conducted to develop treatment options for ZIKV infection.This review highlights the latest developments in the fields of vaccinology and pharmaceuticals developments for ZIKV infection.A systematic and comprehensive approach was used to gather relevant and up-to-date data so that inferences could be made about the gaps in therapeutic development.The results indicate that several therapeutic interventions are being tested against ZIKV infection,such as DNA vaccines,subunit vaccines,live-attenuated vaccines,virus-vector-based vaccines,inactivated vaccines,virus-like particles,and mRNA-based vaccines.In addition,approved anti-ZIKV drugs that can reduce the global burden are discussed.Although many vaccine candidates for ZIKV are at different stages of development,none of them have received Food and Drug Authority approval for use up to now.The issue of side effects associated with these drugs in vulnerable newborns and pregnant women is a major obstacle in the therapeutic pathway.

关键词： Zika virus Infection Therapeutics Antiviral agents Vaccines Therapies Treatment Novel therapeutic Clinical management

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Recent progress in flexible Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors: Fundamentals, fabrication designs, and applications

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Carbon Energy 2023年第1期5卷 82-122页

作者： muhammad Sufyan Javed Sumreen Asim Tayyaba Najam muhammad khalid Iftikhar Hussain Awais Ahmad Mohammed A.Assiri Weihua Han School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina Institute of Chemistry Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyPunjabPakistan College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina Departamento de Quimica Organica Universidad de CordobaCordobaSpain Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

One of the most exciting new developments in energy storage technology is flexible Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors(f-ZIHSCs),which combine the high energy of Zn-ion batteries with high-power supercapacitors to satisfy the needs of portable flexible electronics.However,the development of f-ZHSCs is still in its infancy,and there are numerous barriers to overcome before they can be widely implemented for practical applications.This review gives an up-to-date description of recent achievements and underlying concepts in energy storage mechanisms of f-ZIHSCs and emphasizes the critical role of cathode,anode,and electrolyte materials systems in speeding the prosperity of f-ZIHSCs.The innovative nanostructured-based cathode materials for f-ZIHSCs include carbon(e.g.,porous carbon,heteroatom-doped carbon,biomass-derived porous carbon,graphene,etc.),metal-oxides,MXenes,and metal/covalentorganic frameworks,and other materials(e.g.,activated carbon,phosphorene,etc.)are mainly focused.Afterward,the latest developments in flexible anode and electrolyte frameworks and impacts of electrolyte compositions on the electrochemical properties of f-ZIHSC are elaborated.Subsequently,the advancements based on fabrication designs,including quasi-solid-state,micro,fiber-shaped,and all climate-changed f-ZIHSCs,are discussed in detail.Lastly,a summary of current challenges and recommendations for the future progress of advanced f-ZIHSC are addressed.This review article is anticipated to further understand the viable strategies and achievable approaches for assembling high-performance f-ZIHSCs and boost the technical revolutions on cathode,anode,and electrolytes for f-ZIHSC devices.

关键词： electrode electrolyte flexible MOFs MXenes Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor

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Mutualistic fungus Piriformospora indica modulates cadmium phytoremediation properties of host plant via concerted action of enzymatic and non-enzymatic biochemicals

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Pedosphere 2022年第2期32卷 256-267页

作者： muhammad khalid Saeed UR-RAHMAN Haoxin TAN Lantian SU Pei ZHOU Nan HUI Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic&Developmental Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(South)Ministry of AgriculturePlant Biotechnology Research CenterFudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D CenterSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station Ministry of Science and TechnologyMinistry of Education800 Dongchuan Rd.Shanghai 200240China Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station National Forestry and Grassland Administration800 Dongchuan Rd.Shanghai 200240China

Soils and ecosystems contaminated with cadmium (Cd) threaten human health and adversely affect morphological,physiological,and biochemical parameters of plants.The symbiotic association of endophytic fungi with their host plants is the best strategy to improve various plant characteristics and remediate soils polluted with heavy metal(loid)s (HMs).Being a well-known plant growth-promoting fungus,Piriformospora indica confers resistance against a number of abiotic stresses,including HM stress.This pot experiment explored the potential and ameliorative effects of P.indica on Artemisia annua L.plants treated with different concentrations (0,40,80,and 120 mg kg-1) of Cd.Inoculation with P.indica significantly increased plant performance,especially by enhancing chlorophyll concentration and water potential and by decreasing electrolytic leakage,when compared with un-inoculated plants,despite the high Cd levels.Similarly,P.indica enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities,thereby reducing the drastic effects of Cd in inoculated plants.In addition,P.indica accumulated Cd in the roots of colonized plants,as revealed by atomic absorption spectroscopy,and restricted Cd translocation to aerial parts.Furthermore,P.indica showed in vitro resistance (up to a certain level) to Cd stress;however,fungus growth was inhibited at very high Cd concentrations,proving it an excellent candidate for use as a potential phytoremediator in fields affected by Cd contamination.The transcriptional analysis showed that the signaling genes and artemisinin and flavonoid biosynthetic pathway genes were significantly upregulated in P.indica-co-cultivated plants when compared with un-inoculated plants,suggesting a fine collaboration between primary and secondary metabolisms to modulate resistance capacity and to enhance the phytoremediation capability of A.annua against Cd toxicity.

关键词： Artemisia annua defence-related gene endophytic fungi fungal inoculation heavy metal stress plant growth promotion soil contamination transcripts

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Surface Passivation of Ti/4H-SiC Schottky Barrier Diode

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2012年第10期58卷 577-582页

作者： muhammad khalid Saira Riaz Shahzad Naseem Microelectronics Division/Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics School of Physical SciencesUniversity of the Punjab

Surface properties of SiC power devices mostly depend on the passivation layer(PL).This layer has direct influence on electrical characteristics of devices.2D numerical simulation of forward and reverse characteristics with and without different(PLs)(SiO2,HfO2 and Si3N4) has been performed.Simulation results show that the breakdown voltage increases with increasing PL thickness,and there is a lesser significant effect on forward characteristics.The maximum breakdown voltage with and without SiO2 PL is 1240 V and 276 V,respectively.SiO2 PL has compatibility with SiC surface providing high breakdown voltage,6 and 8% higher than that of HfO2 and Si3N4 respectively.Low leakage current is observed which then further decreases on reducing the thickness of PL.Furthermore,variation of forward current with dielectric constant and thickness of PLs was observed.Finally,it is suggested that matches of our results with published experimental results indicate that the Sentaurus TCAD simulator is a predictive tool for the SiC Schottky barrier diode simulation.

关键词：肖特基势垒二极管表面钝化 Si3N4 二氧化硅二维数值模拟击穿电压仿真结果 SiC

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Role of flavonoids in plant interactions with the environment and against human pathogens-A review

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第1期18卷 211-230页

作者： muhammad khalid Saeed-ur-Rahman muhammad Bilal HUANG Dan-feng School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Life Science and Food Engineering Huaiyin Institute of Technology

Flavonoids are widely-distributed polyphenolic secondary metabolites with diverse biological activities in plants and benefit human health as protective dietary agents.They participate in plants' responses to harsh environmental conditions and effectively regulate the cell differentiation and growth.In plants,the majority of their functions are attributed to their strong antioxidative properties.Similarly,dietary flavonoids protect the human body against free radicals which are associated with the development of cancer and atherosclerosis.Plants rich in polyphenols have been used to cure various diseases because of their antibacterial,antiviral,antifungal and anticancer properties.This review summarizes the up-to-date research trends and development on flavonoids and its derivatives,working mechanisms and potential functions and applications particularly in relation to plant protection and human health.Towards the end,notable concluding remarks with a close-up look at the future research directions have also been presented briefly.

关键词： flavonoids structure and composition biological activity plant protection human health antimicrobial

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大气环境监测卫星星载IPDA激光雷达的大气二氧化碳柱浓度反演及多源数据对比验证

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光学学报 2024年第12期 182-194页

作者：赖锴婕卜令兵王勤毛志华 khalid muhammad Burhan 樊纯璨刘继桥陈卫标赵少华南京信息工程大学大气物理学院天津气象雷达研究试验中心中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所空间激光信息传输与探测技术重点实验室生态环境部卫星环境应用中心

基于星载积分路径差分吸收（IPDA）激光雷达探测数据对全球二氧化碳柱浓度（XCO2）进行反演并利用全球CO2柱浓度观测网（TCCON）、轨道碳观测者2号（OCO-2）卫星以及碳追踪器三者的CO2数据产品验证了反演结果的准确性。结果表明：IPDA... 详细信息

基于星载积分路径差分吸收（IPDA）激光雷达探测数据对全球二氧化碳柱浓度（XCO2）进行反演并利用全球CO2柱浓度观测网（TCCON）、轨道碳观测者2号（OCO-2）卫星以及碳追踪器三者的CO2数据产品验证了反演结果的准确性。结果表明：IPDA激光雷达的反演结果与TCCON的观测结果一致性较好，两者的平均偏差为0.3×10-6，决定系数（R2）为0.952，均方根误差（RMSE）为0.584×10-6。与OCO-2和CT的XCO2数据产品的对比结果也显示出IPDA激光雷达反演结果与TCCON数据产品的吻合程度均高于OCO-2卫星与碳追踪器，进一步表明IPDA激光雷达能够获得更准确的全球XCO2观测数据。IPDA激光雷达对于不同地表类型上空的XCO2探测精度存在一定差异，在空间分辨率为50 km（陆地）和100 km（海洋）下，其探测精度主要分布在（0.80～0.82）×10-6与（0.76～0.78）×10-6，均满足1×10-6的探测精度要求。星载IPDA激光雷达的全天时、高精度探测技术将在今后全球碳源碳汇研究中发挥重要作用。

关键词：大气二氧化碳大气环境监测卫星星载激光雷达积分路径差分吸收验证

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Oblique propagation of nonlinear ion-acoustic cnoidal waves in magnetized electron–positron–ion plasmas with nonextensive electrons

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Plasma Science and Technology 2021年第3期23卷 76-81页

作者： muhammad khalid Ghufran ULLAH Mohsin KHAN Sheraz AHMAD Sardar NABI Daud KHAN Depatment of Physics Govermment Post Gaduate College MardanMardan 23200Pakistan Department of Physics Islamia College Peshawar(Public Sector University)Peshawar 25120Pakistan Department of Physics Government Post Graduate College NowsheraNowshera 24100Pakistan

Theoretical investigation of nonlinear electrostatic ion-acoustic cnoidal waves(IACWs) is presented in magnetized electron–positron–ion plasma with nonextensive electrons and Maxwellian positrons. Using reductive perturbation technique, Korteweg–de Vries equation is derived and its cnoidal wave solution is analyzed. For given plasma parameters, our model supports only positive potential(compressive) IACW structures. The effect of relevant plasma parameters(viz., nonextensive parameter q, positron concentration p, temperature ratio σ,obliqueness l3) on the characteristics of IACWs is discussed in detail.

关键词： ion-acoustic cnoidal waves KdV equation q-distribution

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银硫化物对多金属硫化矿氰化浸金的影响（英文）

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2018年第3期28卷 542-555页

作者： muhammad khalid Faical LARACHI Department of Chemical Engineering Laval UniversityQuébecQCG1V 0A6Canada

浸金会受到伴生银和多金属硫化矿的影响。采用填充床反应器研究4组矿物系统:黄铁矿-二氧化硅、黄铜矿-二氧化硅、闪锌矿-二氧化硅和辉锑矿-二氧化硅电极的电偶和钝化效果。结果表明,在电偶和钝化作用下,硫锑银矿(Ag3Sb S3)使黄铁矿中Au... 详细信息

浸金会受到伴生银和多金属硫化矿的影响。采用填充床反应器研究4组矿物系统:黄铁矿-二氧化硅、黄铜矿-二氧化硅、闪锌矿-二氧化硅和辉锑矿-二氧化硅电极的电偶和钝化效果。结果表明,在电偶和钝化作用下,硫锑银矿(Ag3Sb S3)使黄铁矿中Au的浸出率分别提高到77.3%和51.2%(相对于74.6%和15.8%);在电偶和钝化作用下,闪锌矿+硫锑银矿也使金的浸出率分别提高到6.6%和51.9%(相对于1.6%和15.6%);黄铜矿+硫锑银矿使金的浸出率分别降低到38.0%和12.1%(相对于57%和14.1%);在电偶和钝化作用下,添加银矿使黄铁矿中Au的浸出率分别提高到90.6%和81.1%(相对于74.6%和15.8%);添加银矿物和闪锌矿使Au浸出率分别提高至71.1%和80.5%(相对于1.6%和15.6%);添加银矿物和黄铜矿,金的浸出率分别降低至10.2%和4.5%(相对于57%和14.1%)。硫锑银矿和辉锑矿在一起会阻碍金的溶解。硫锑银矿和添加银矿增强游离金与黄铁矿和闪锌矿伴生金的溶解,黄铜矿和辉锑矿中伴生金银阻碍了金的溶解。

关键词：银矿氰化浸金填充床反应器硫化矿钝化电偶相互作用

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Advances in fungal-assisted phytoremediation of heavy metals:A review

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Pedosphere 2021年第3期31卷 475-495页

作者： muhammad khalid Saeed UR-RAHMAN Danial HASSANI Kashif HAYAT Pei ZHOU Nan HUI Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic&Developmental Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(South)of Ministry of AgriculturePlant Biotechnology Research CenterFudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D CenterSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Trace metals such as manganese(Mn),copper(Cu),zinc(Zn),and iron(Fe)are essential for many biological processes in plant life cycles.However,in excess,they can be toxic and disrupt plant growth processes,which is economically undesirable for crop production.For this reason,processes such as homeostasis and transport control of these trace metals are of constant interest to scientists studying heavily contaminated habitats.Phytoremediation is a promising cleanup technology for soils polluted with heavy metals.However,this technique has some disadvantages,such as the slow growth rate of metal-accumulating plant species,low bioavailability of heavy metals,and long duration of remediation.Microbial-assisted phytoremediation is a promising strategy for hyperaccumulating,detoxifying,or remediating soil contaminants.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)are found in association with almost all plants,contributing to their healthy performance and providing resistance against environmental stresses.They colonize plant roots and extend their hyphae to the rhizosphere region,assisting in mineral nutrient uptake and regulation of heavy metal acquisition.Endophytic fungi exist in every healthy plant tissue and provide enormous services to their host plants,including growth enhancement by nutrient acquisition,detoxification of heavy metals,secondary metabolite regulation,and enhancement of abiotic/biotic stress tolerance.The aim of the present work is to review the recent literature regarding the role of AMF and endophytic fungi in plant heavy metal tolerance in terms of its regulation in highly contaminated conditions.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi bioremediation endophytic fungi environmental stress metal tolerance microbe plant transporter soil contaminant

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