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Tocilizumab in severe COVID-19-A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial

Infectious Medicine 2022年第2期1卷 88-94页

作者： muhammad Irfan Malik Sardar Al Fareed Zafar Fabiha Qayyum Muna Malik muhammad Sohaib Asghar muhammad junaid tahir Ammarah Arshad Fatima Khalil Hafiza Shafia Naz Mudassar Aslam Jodat Saleem Abdul Aziz Mustafa Usman Azhar muhammad Naqash Zohaib Yousaf Postgraduate Medical Institute LahorePakistan Lahore General Hospital LahorePakistan Ameer-ud-Din Medical College LahorePakistan Dow University of Health Sciences-Ojha Campus KarachiPakistan Sheikh Zayed Medical College Rahim Yar KhanPakistan Hamad Medical Corporation DohaQatar

Background:The therapeutic effectiveness of interleukin-6 receptor inhibitor in critically ill hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is ***:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the outcome as recovery or death of tocilizumab for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection,we conducted a randomized,double-blinded,placebo-controlled phase 2 trial in critically ill COVID-19 adult *** patients were randomly assigned in a 4:1 ratio to receive standard medical treatment plus the recommended dose of either tocilizumab or the placebo *** was *** primary outcome was the recovery or death after administration of tocilizumab or a placebo *** secondary outcomes were clinical recovery or worsening of the patients’symptoms and inflammatory markers and discharge from the ***:Of 190 patients included in this study,152 received tocilizumab,and 38 received a *** duration of hospital stay of the interventional group was 12.9±9.2,while the placebo group had a more extended hospital stay(15.6±8.8).The mortality ratio for the primary outcome,ie,mortality or recovery in the tocilizumab group was 17.8%;p=0.58 by log-rank test).The mortality ratio in the placebo group was 76.3%;p=0.32 by log-rank test).The inflammatory markers in the tocilizumab group significantly declined by day 16 compared to the placebo ***:The use of tocilizumab was associated with decreased mortality,earlier improvement of inflamma-tory markers,and reduced hospital stay in patients with severe COVID-19.

关键词： Inflammatory Infectious Immunosuppression COVID-19 Therapy Trial

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Single-cell and spatial omics:exploring hypothalamic heterogeneity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1525-1540页

作者： muhammad junaid Eun Jeong Lee Su Bin Lim Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Graduate School of Ajou UniversitySuwonSouth Korea Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea

Elucidating the complex dynamic cellular organization in the hypothalamus is critical for understanding its role in coordinating fundamental body functions. Over the past decade, single-cell and spatial omics technologies have significantly evolved, overcoming initial technical challenges in capturing and analyzing individual cells. These high-throughput omics technologies now offer a remarkable opportunity to comprehend the complex spatiotemporal patterns of transcriptional diversity and cell-type characteristics across the entire hypothalamus. Current single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing methods comprehensively quantify gene expression by exploring distinct phenotypes across various subregions of the hypothalamus. However, single-cell/single-nucleus RNA sequencing requires isolating the cell/nuclei from the tissue, potentially resulting in the loss of spatial information concerning neuronal networks. Spatial transcriptomics methods, by bypassing the cell dissociation, can elucidate the intricate spatial organization of neural networks through their imaging and sequencing technologies. In this review, we highlight the applicative value of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in exploring the complex molecular-genetic diversity of hypothalamic cell types, driven by recent high-throughput achievements.

关键词： cellular diversity hypothalamus multi-omics single-cell transcriptomics spatial transcriptomics

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Constructing S-scheme 2D/0D g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) NPs/MPs heterojunction with 2D-Ti3AlC2 MAX cocatalyst for photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction to CO/CH_(4) in fixed-bed and monolith photoreactors

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第11期106卷 195-210页

作者： muhammad tahir Beenish tahir Department of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical and Energy EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310UTM Johor BahruMalaysia Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department UAE UniversityP.O.Box 15551Al AinUnited Arab Emirates

Exfoliated 2D MAX Ti_(3) AlC_(2) conductive cocatalyst anchored with g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) to construct 2D/0D/2D het-erojunction has been explored for enhanced CO_(2) photoreduction in a fixed-bed and monolith *** TiO_(2) particle sizes(NPs and MPs)were systematically investigated to determine effective metal-support interaction with faster charge carrier separation among the composite *** TiO_(2) NPs were anchored with 2D Ti_(3) AlC_(2) MAX structure,10.44 folds higher CH_(4) production was observed com-pared to anchoring TiO_(2) *** CH_(4) yield rate of 2103.5μmol g^(−1) h^(−1) achieved at selectivity 96.59%using ternary g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2)/Ti_(3) AlC_(2)2D/0D/2D composite which is 2.73 and 7.45 folds higher than using binary g-C_(3)N_(4)/Ti_(3) AlC_(2) MAX and TiO_(2) NPs/Ti_(3)AlC_(2) samples,respectively.A step-scheme(S-scheme)photocatalytic mechanism operates in this composite,suppressed the recombination of useful electron and holes and provides higher reduction potential for efficient CO_(2) conversion to CO and CH_(4).More im-portantly,when light intensity was increased by 5 folds,CH_(4) production rate was increased by 3.59 folds under visible *** performance of composite catalyst was further investigated in a fixed-bed and monolith photoreactor and found monolithic support increased CO production by 2.64 folds,whereas,53.99 times lower CH_(4) production was *** lower photocatalytic activity in a monolith photore-actor was due to lower visible light penetration into the ***,2D MAX Ti_(3) AlC_(2) composite catalyst can be constructed for selective photocatalytic CO_(2) methanation under visible light in a fixed-bed photoreactor.

关键词： Photocatalytic CO_(2)methanation Exfoliated 2D MAX Ti_(3)AlC_(2) g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2) Fixed-bed reactor,Monolith photoreactor Solar energy

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Proper Conformal Killing Vectors in Kantowski-Sachs Metric

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第4期69卷 393-398页

作者： tahir Hussain muhammad Farhan Department of Mathematics University of Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakista

This paper deals with the existence of proper conformal Killing vectors(CKVs) in Kantowski-Sachs *** to some integrability conditions, the general form of vector filed generating CKVs and the conformal factor is presented. The integrability conditions are solved generally as well as in some particular cases to show that the nonconformally flat Kantowski-Sachs metric admits two proper CKVs, while it admits a 15-dimensional Lie algebra of CKVs in the case when it becomes conformally flat. The inheriting conformal Killing vectors(ICKVs), which map fluid lines conformally, are also investigated.

关键词： conformal killing vectors killing vectors Kantowski-Sachs metric

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iRNA-PseTNC:identification of RNA 5-methylcytosine sites using hybrid vector space of pseudo nucleotide composition

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2020年第2期14卷 451-460页

作者： Shahid AKBAR Maqsood HAYAT muhammad IQBAL muhammad tahir Department of Computer Science Abdul Wali Khan University MardanKP 23200Pakistan

RNA 5-methylcytosine(m^5C)sites perform a major role in numerous biological processes and commonly reported in both DNA and RNA *** enzymatic mechanism and biological functions of m^5C sites in DNA remain the focusing area of researchers for last few ***,the investigators also targeted m^5C sites in RNA due to its cellular functions,positioning and formation ***,several rudimentary roles of the m^5C in RNA have been explored,but a lot of improvements are still under ***,the identification of RNA methylcytosine sites was carried out via experimental methods,which were very hard,erroneous and time consuming owing to partial availability of recognized *** at the significance of m^5C role in RNA,scientists have diverted their attention from structure to sequence-based *** this regards,an intelligent computational model is proposed in order to identify m^5C sites in RNA with high *** RNA sequences formulation methods namely:pseudo dinucleotide composition,pseudo trinucleotide composition and pseudo tetra nucleotide composition are applied to extract variant and high profound numerical *** a sequel,the vector spaces are fused to build a hybrid space in order to compensate the weakness of each *** learning hypotheses are examined to select the best operational engine,which can truly identify the pattern of the target *** strength and generalization of the proposed model are measured using two different cross validation *** reported outcomes reveal that the proposed model achieved 3%better accuracy than that of the highest present approach in the literature so far.

关键词： methylcytosine sites PseTNC PseTetraNC hybrid features SVM cross validation test

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LDH-based nanomaterials for photocatalytic applications:A comprehensive review on the role of bi/trivalent cations, anions,morphology, defect engineering, memory effect, and heterojunction formation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第9期84卷 242-276页

作者： Azmat Ali Khan muhammad tahir Nazish Khan Baluchistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences(BUITEMS)P.O.Box 87100QuettaPakistan Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department UAE UniversityP.O.Box 15551Al AinUnited Arab Emirates The University of Agriculture Swat P.O.Box 19040Pakistan

Using sunlight to drive chemical reactions via photocatalysis is paramount for a sustainable *** several photocatalysts,employing layered double hydrides(LDH) for photocatalytic application is most straightforward and desirable owing to their distinctive two-dimensional(2D) lamellar structure and optical *** article reviews the advancements in bimetallic/trimetallic LDHs and various strategies to achieve high efficiency toward an outstanding performing ***,the tuning of LDH components that control the electro nic and structural properties is *** tu ning obtained through the adoption,combination,and incorporation of different cations and anions is also *** progress of modification methods,such as the adoption of different morphologies,delamination,and defect engineering towards enhanced photocatalytic activities,is discussed in the *** band engineering,structural characteristics,and redox tuning are further deliberated to maximize solar energy harvesting for different photocatalytic ***,the progress obtained in forming hierarchical heterostructures through hybridization with other semiconductors or conducting materials is systematically disclosed to get maximum photocatalytic ***,the structural changes during the in-situ synthesis of LDH and the stability of LDH-based photocatalysts are *** review also summarizes the improvements in LDH properties obtained through modification tactics and discusses the prospects for future energy and environmental applications.

关键词： LDH Properties Potential photocatalyst Photocatalytic application Photocatalytic properties Improvement strategies

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Graphene Nanosheets Decorated with Copper Oxide Nanoparticles for the Photodegradation of Methylene Blue

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2022年第6期38卷 1518-1525页

作者： Samavia RAFIQ Zulfiqar Ali RAZA muhammad ASLAM muhammad junaid BAKHTIYAR Department of Applied Sciences National Textile UniversityFaisalabad37610Pakistan

Textile industries extensively use colorants,such as methylene blue,and if disposed off untreated,they contaminate the effluent streams,causing a severe impact on the environment and aquatic *** degradation has been found as an inevitable approach to treat ***,we decorated the copper oxide nanoparticles on graphene nanosheets during the reflux *** resultant copper oxide/graphene nanocomposites were analyzed for structural and functional *** was observed that on increasing the copper oxide contents,the z-average size of the resultant nanocomposites *** X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated the crystalline nature of the *** surface morphology of the copper oxide nanoparticles appeared to be spherical and that of the copper oxide/graphene composite somehow *** infrared analysis indicated successful intercalation of precursors in the *** bandgap of copper oxide/graphene nanocomposites varied in the range of 1.03—1.30 eV,which indicated their effective photocatalytic *** results demonstrated that after 120 min of exposure,the methylene blue removal efficiency reached 94.0%,92.2%,and 89.4%(mass fraction)on the copper oxide/graphene nanocomposite at copper oxide nanoparticles to graphene nanosheets ratios of 1:1,1.5:1,and 2:1(mass ratio),*** photodegradation performance of the prepared nano-catalyst was found satisfactory even after five cycles.

关键词： Copper oxide Graphene nanosheet Methylene blue Photocatalysis

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ROBO-SPOT:Detecting Robocalls by Understanding User Engagement and Connectivity Graph

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 340-356页

作者： muhammad Ajmal Azad junaid Arshad Farhan Riaz College of Comnputer Science Birmingham City UniversityBirminghamB55JUUK School of Computer Science University of LincolnLincolnLN67TSUK

Robo or unsolicited calls have become a persistent issue in telecommunication networks,posing significant challenges to individuals,businesses,and regulatory *** calls not only trick users into disclosing their private and financial information,but also affect their productivity through unwanted phone ringing.A proactive approach to identify and block such unsolicited calls is essential to protect users and service providers from potential ***,this paper proposes a solution to identify robo-callers in the telephony network utilising a set of novel features to evaluate the trustworthiness of callers in a *** trust score of the callers is then used along with machine learning models to classify them as legitimate or *** use a large anonymized dataset(call detailed records)from a large telecommunication provider containing more than 1 billion records collected over 10 *** have conducted extensive evaluation demonstrating that the proposed approach achieves high accuracy and detection rate whilst minimizing the error ***,the proposed features when used collectively achieve a true-positive rate of around 97%with a false-positive rate of less than 0.01%.

关键词： social network analysis reputation unwanted calls robo-callers telephone network Spam Over Internet Technology(SPIT)

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Tropospheric Scintillation Estimation Using 10 Years Meteorological Data

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China Communications 2015年第3期12卷 43-49页

作者： muhammad tahir PIAO Yan muhammad Aslam Azizur Rahim School of Electronics and Information Engineering Changchun University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology School of Software Dalian University of Technology

This paper presents estimation of tropospheric scintillation based on ITU-R model from previous 10 years meteorological *** As(p) is critical in designing of microwave links for achieving optimal *** are many phenomenons that cause degradation to signal during transmission through the earth's atmosphere one of them is *** estimation is based on measurements of surface temperature T and relative humidity *** parameter for ITU-R scintillation estimation model is the monthly average of wet part of refractivity *** software tool is employed to show the results for tropospheric scintillation in various seasons for time percentage p and frequencies ranging from 4GHz to 20 GHz.

关键词： troposphere scintillation ITU-R fading meteorology

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Succinate-bonded pullulan: An efficient and reusable super-sorbent for cadmium-uptake from spiked high-hardness groundwater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第11期27卷 51-58页

作者： Azhar Abbas muhammad Ajaz Hussain muhammad Amin muhammad Sher muhammad Nawaz tahir Wolfgang Tremel Department of Chemistry University of Sargodha Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Johannes Guttenberg University

Chemically modified pullulan was evaluated for its sorption efficiency and selectivity to remove cadmium（Cd） from spiked high-hardness groundwater（GW）. Pullulan esterified with succinic anhydride using dimethylaminopyridine showed a fairly high degree of substitution value as confirmed by1 H NMR spectroscopy. Pullulan succinate（Pull-Suc） was converted into the sodium salt（Pull-Suc-Na）. The effect of contact time（5–200 min） and p H（2–8） on Cd-uptake by the sorbent（Pull-Suc-Na） was investigated. The sorbent showed more than 90% Cd-removal in first 15 min from distilled water（DW） and GW solution,respectively. Comparison of Pull-Suc-Na with other polysaccharidal sorbents suggested its high efficiency（DW 476.2 mg/g and GW 454.5 mg/g） and selectivity for the removal of Cd by an ion exchange mechanism, which is further supported by the negative Gibbs free energy values calculated from Langmuir isotherms. A Langmuir isotherm kinetic model provided the best fit for the sorption of Cd using Pull-Suc-Na. The sorbent showed a negligible decrease in Cd-uptake over three regeneration cycles. The thermal stability testing of the sorbents indicated that Pull-Suc-Na（sorbent） is more stable than Pull-Suc.

关键词： Adsorption Cadmium Modified pullulan Succinylation Thermal stability

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