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A Deep Learning Approach for Crowd Counting in Highly Congested Scene

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 5825-5844页

作者： Akbar Khan Kushsairy Abdul Kadir Jawad ali shah Waleed Albattah muhammad Saeed Haidawati Nasir Megat Norulazmi Megat Mohamed Noor muhammad Haris Kaka Khel Electrical Section Universiti Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian InstituteSelangor53100Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering International Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Information Technology College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Computer and Emerging SciencesIslamabad44000Pakistan Computer Engineering Technology Section Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute of Information TechnologyKuala Lumpur50250Malaysia

With the rapid progress of deep convolutional neural networks,several applications of crowd counting have been proposed and explored in the *** congested scene monitoring,a variety of crowd density estimating approaches has been *** understanding of highly congested scenes for crowd counting during Muslim gatherings of Hajj and Umrah is a challenging task,as a large number of individuals stand nearby and,it is hard for detection techniques to recognize them,as the crowd can vary from low density to high *** deal with such highly congested scenes,we have proposed the Congested Scene Crowd Counting Network(CSCC-Net)using VGG-16 as a core network with its first ten layers due to its strong and robust transfer learning rate.A hole dilated convolutional neural network is used at the back end to widen the relevant field to extract a large range of information from the image without losing its original *** dilated convolution neural network is mainly chosen to expand the kernel size without changing other ***,several loss functions have been applied to strengthen the evaluation accuracy of the ***,the entire experiments have been evaluated using prominent data sets namely,ShanghaiTech parts A,B,UCF_CC_50,and UCF_*** model has achieved remarkable results i.e.,68.0 and 9.0 MAE on ShanghaiTech parts A,B,199.1 MAE on UCF_CC_50,and 99.8 on UCF_QNRF data sets respectively.

关键词： Deep learning congested scene crowd counting fully convolutional neural network dilated convolution

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An Efficient Connectivity Restoration Technique(ECRT)for Wireless Sensor Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 1003-1019页

作者： Mahmood ul Hassan shahzad ali Khalid Mahmood muhammad Kashif Saeed Amin Al-Awady Kamran Javed Ansar Munir shah Department of Computer Skills Preparatory yearNajran UniversityNajran66241Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Jouf UniversityTubarjal74769Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Science and ArtsKing Khalid UniversityMahayil Asir63317Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Community College Mahayil AsirKing Khalid UniversityMahayil63718Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering National University of Technology(NUTECH)Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Institute of Southern PunjabMultan60000Pakistan

Node failure in Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)is a fundamental problem because WSNs operate in hostile *** failure of nodes leads to network partitioning that may compromise the basic operation of the sensor *** deal with such situations,a rapid recovery mechanism is required for restoring inter-node *** to the immense importance and need for a recovery mechanism,several different approaches are proposed in the ***,the proposed approaches have shortcomings because they do not focus on energy-efficient operation and coverage-aware mechanisms while performing connectivity ***,most of these approaches rely on the excessive mobility of nodes for restoration connectivity that affects both coverage and energy *** paper proposes a novel technique called ECRT(Efficient Connectivity Restoration Technique).This technique is capable of restoring connectivity due to single and multiple node *** achieves energy efficiency by transmitting a minimal number of control *** is also coverage-aware as it relocates minimal nodes while trying to restore *** the help of extensive simulations,it is proven that ECRT is effective in connectivity restoration for single and multiple node *** also show that ECRT exchanges a much smaller number of packets than other ***,it also yields the least reduction in field coverage,proving its versatility for connectivity restoration.

关键词： Cut-vertex failure recovery network connectivity node relocation wireless sensor network node failures

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Synthesis and characterization of caprolactone based polyurethane with degradable and antifouling performance

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第6期34卷 299-306页

作者： Abid ali Lina Song Jiankun Hu Jingxian Jiang Qingqing Rao muhammad Shoaib shah Fahad Yongjie Cai Xiaoli Zhan Fengqiu Chen Qinghua Zhang College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical EngineeringManufacture TechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Ningbo Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityNingbo 315100China

In this work,a degradable polyurethane composed of caprolactone(CL)and L-Lactide(LLA)as soft segments,and 4,40-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate)(H12 MDI)and polytetramethylene ether glycol(PTMEG)as hard segments,was *** degradation experiment revealed that the degradable polyurethane(PU)could be degraded in artificial *** also showed that caprolactone-copolyurethane(CL-PU)copolymer with higher crystallinity degraded much slower in artificial ***,the introduction of LLA resulted in an increase in the hydrophilicity and reduction in the crystallinity of degradable PU,as demonstrated by the contact angle *** result of the scanning electron microscope showed that the surface of degradable PU renewed under static ***,degradable PU was able to be used as a carrier,and it controlled the release rate of 4,5-dichloro-2-octyl-isothiazolone(DCOIT).The anti-diatom(Navicula incerta)test demonstrated that the(caprolactone-co-L-lactide)-co-polyurethane 4(CL/LAx-PU4)with DCOIT contents prevented the adhesion of diatom Navicula incerta(88.37%reduction)due to their self-polishing and the release of ***,the degradable PU consisted of CL,LLA,and DCOIT could be a durable resin with good antifouling activity for the application in the marine anti-biofouling field.

关键词： Antifoulant 4 5-dicholoro-2-octyl-isothiazolone Degradable polyurethane L-Lactide Caprolactone

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An Implementation of Multiscale Line Detection and Mathematical Morphology for Efficient and Precise Blood Vessel Segmentation in Fundus Images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2565-2583页

作者： Syed Ayaz ali shah Aamir shahzad Musaed Alhussein Chuan Meng Goh Khursheed Aurangzeb Tong Boon Tang muhammad Awais Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusAbbottabad22060Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Faculty of Information and Communication Technology University Tunku Abdul RehmanKampar CampusKampar31900Malaysia Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research University Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri IskandarPerak32610Malaysia School of Computing Sciences University of East AngliaNorwichNR47TJUK

Diagnosing various diseases such as glaucoma,age-related macular degeneration,cardiovascular conditions,and diabetic retinopathy involves segmenting retinal blood *** task is particularly challenging when dealing with color fundus images due to issues like non-uniformillumination,low contrast,and variations in vessel appearance,especially in the presence of different ***,the speed of the retinal vessel segmentation system is of utmost *** the surge of now available big data,the speed of the algorithm becomes increasingly important,carrying almost equivalent weightage to the accuracy of the *** address these challenges,we present a novel approach for retinal vessel segmentation,leveraging efficient and robust techniques based on multiscale line detection and mathematical *** algorithm’s performance is evaluated on two publicly available datasets,namely the Digital Retinal Images for Vessel Extraction dataset(DRIVE)and the Structure Analysis of Retina(STARE)*** experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method,withmean accuracy values of 0.9467 forDRIVE and 0.9535 for STARE datasets,aswell as sensitivity values of 0.6952 forDRIVE and 0.6809 for STARE ***,our algorithmexhibits competitive performance with state-of-the-art ***,it operates at an average speed of 3.73 s per image for DRIVE and 3.75 s for STARE *** is worth noting that these results were achieved using Matlab scripts containing multiple *** suggests that the processing time can be further reduced by replacing loops with *** the proposed algorithm can be deployed in real time *** summary,our proposed system strikes a fine balance between swift computation and accuracy that is on par with the best available methods in the field.

关键词： Line detector vessel detection localization mathematical morphology image processing

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Melting Characteristics of a Phase Change Material Mixed with Nano Particles of Cobalt Oxide Bounded in a Trapezoidal Structure

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第1期130卷 255-268页

作者： Waris ali Asif ali Shaikh Feroz shah Sajjad Hussain Department of Basic Sciences and Related Studies Mehran University of Engineering and TechnologyJamshoroPakistan School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Department of Mathematics Govt Postgraduate College LayyahPunjabPakistan

A novel trapezoidal design for storage of heat energy through melting of phase-change material(PCM)is *** heat thermal energy storage system(LHTES)is a promising option to diminish mis-match between energy consumption and *** this purpose,Paraffin:Rubitherm-35(RT35)material is successively melted in aluminum structure which is heated from one side and the other sides are kept *** of PCM is observed experimentally and melt fronts are photographed for various time *** fluid-solid module in COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 has been *** transient heat conduction with enthalpy function is *** are carried out for enhancement of thermal conductivity through addition of nano-entities of cobalt oxide *** time is notably reduced with inclusion of nano-entities to enhance thermal *** time spans for melt start and total melt in case of pure PCM are 375 and 4500(s)respectively whereas for the nano mix case,these are 150 and 3000 *** 33%shorter time length is noticed for charging of the PCM trapezoidal matrix with nano entities of Co3O4 *** results fromsimulation and lab observations depict similar patterns and are in quite close comparison.

关键词： Trapezoidal enclosure nano entities heat transfer phase change material COMSOL multiphysics 5.4 numerical simulation

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Molecular epidemiology, characterization of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance profile of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from dairy farms in China and Pakistan

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第5期22卷 1514-1528页

作者： Ambreen LEGHARI Shakeel Ahmed LAKHO Faiz muhammad KHAND Khaliq ur Rehman BHUTTO Sameen Qayoom LONE muhammad Tahir ALEEM Iqra BANO muhammad ali CHANDIO Jan muhammad shah LIN Hui-xing FAN Hong-jie MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary MedicineNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Sakrand 67210Pakistan Central Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Tando Jam 70050Pakistan Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China

Streptococcus agalactiae is one of the most common pathogens that cause bovine mastitis worldwide. Identifying pathogen prevalence and virulence factors is critical for developing prevention and control approaches. Herein, 1 161 milk samples from various dairy farms in China(n=558) and Pakistan(n=603) were collected between 2019–2021 and were subjected to S. agalactiae isolation. Prevalence, serotyping, virulence genes, and antibiotic-resistant genes of S. agalactiae were evaluated by PCR assay. All isolates were characterized for haemolysis, biofilm production, cytotoxicity, adhesion, and invasion on bovine mammary epithelial cells. The prevalence of S. agalactiae-induced mastitis in cattle was found to be considerably higher in Pakistan than in China. Jiangsu and Sindh provinces had the highest area-wise prevalence in China and Pakistan, respectively. Serotypes Ia and II were prevalent in both countries, whereas serotype III was found only in Pakistan. Moreover, all isolates tested positive for PI-2b gene but negative for PI-1 and PI-2a genes. All isolates harboured cfb, cylE, hylB, and fbsB virulent genes, whereas many of them lacked bibA, rib and bca. However, the absence of bac and scp genes in Chinese isolates and cspA in Pakistani isolates was noted, while spb1 and lmb were not detected in isolates of both countries. Pakistani isolates, particularly serotype Iapositive, had a considerably higher ability to produce biofilm, haemolysis, cytotoxicity, adhesion, and invasion than Chinese isolates. Most of the isolates were phenotypically resistant to tetracycline, erythromycin, and clindamycin and genotypic resistance was confirmed by the presence of ermA, ermB, tetM and tetO genes. Our study highlights the antimicrobial resistance profile and virulence-related factors contributing to the epidemiological spread of mastitis-causing S. agalactiae in China and Pakistan. The findings may facilitate future studies designed to develop improved treatment and control str

关键词： Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis epidemiology virulence characterization antibiotic resistance

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TiC-Maraging stainless steel composite:microstructure, mechanical and wear properties

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Rare Metals 2006年第6期25卷 630-635页

作者： Akhtar Farid Khadijah ali shah Syed Javid Askari School of Material Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Particulate TiC reinforced 17-4PH and 465 maraging stainless steel matrix composites were processed by conventional powder metallurgy （P/M）. TiC-maraging stainless steel composites with theoretical density 〉97% were produced using conventional P/M. The microstructure, and mechanical and wear properties of the composites were evaluated. The microstructure of the composites consisted of （core-rim structure） spherical and semi-spherical TiC particles depending on the wettability of the matrix with TiC particles. In TiC-maraging stainless steel composites, 465 stainless steel binder phase showed good wettability with TiC particles. Some microcracks appeared in the composites, indicating the presence of tensile stresses in the composites produced during sintering. The typical properties, hardness, and bend strength were reported for the composites. After heat treatment and aging, an increase in hardness was observed. The increase in hardness was at- tributed to the aging reaction in maraging stainless steel. The specific wear behavior of the composites strongly depends on the content of TiC particles and their interparticle spacing, and on the heat treatment of the maraging stainless steel.

关键词： TiC-maraging stainless steel composites aging wear powder metallurgy microcracks

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Small-duct primary sclerosing cholangitis with hepatocellular carcinoma requiring liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2010年第2期9卷 208-212页

作者： Sharif ali Veena shah Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Henry Ford Health System

BACKGROUND:Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)is a chronic progressive cholestatic liver disease,which usually affects young adults and is diagnosed by *** a few occasions,the disease either starts in or exclusively involves the small intrahepatic bile ducts,referred to as small-duct PSC. METHODS:A 31-year-old man presented with severe hematemesis secondary to liver *** a course of 8 years,his liver decompensated and required an orthotopic liver transplantation. In this report we discuss his disease presentation,course of management,and the post-transplantation course of manage- ment,and review the morphologic diagnosis,and differential diagnosis of the disease with large-duct type and other diseases that involve small intrahepatic bile ducts. RESULTS:The patient’s explanted liver showed changes of PSC affecting only the small-and medium-sized bile ducts in addition to three incidental nodules of hepatocellular carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS:Small-duct PSC has a substantially better prognosis than the large-duct type,with less chance of developing cirrhosis and an equal risk for developing hepato- cellular carcinoma,but no increased risk for developing *** seems to help relieve the symptoms but not necessarily improve *** transplantation remains the ultimate cure.

关键词： primary sclerosing cholangitis small-duct diseases of the liver hepatocellular carcinoma liver transplantation

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Source parameters and aftershock pattern of the October 7,2021,M5.9 Harnai earthquake,Pakistan

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Earthquake Science 2024年第4期37卷 304-323页

作者： Mohammad Tahir Zeeshan Ahmad Sadia Sabahat muhammad Naveed Mushtaq Talat Iqbal muhammad ali shah Alam Aftab Centre for Earthquake Studies National Centre for PhysicsIslamabad 44000Pakistan

On October 7,2021,a magnitude 5.9 earthquake struck the Harnai(Baluchistan)region of Pakistan,causing several fatalities and injuries within the epicentral ***-order tectonic deformation in this region is caused by the convergence of the Indian Plate with respect to the Eurasian *** Katwaz Block hinders the motion of the Indian Plate,resulting in the formation of strike-slip *** this study,the P-wave first-motion polarity technique was used to determine the mainshock faulting *** scanning of the polarity solutions was applied to determine the most suitable focal mechanism solution among the available solutions generated by the FOCMEC(focal mechanism)*** nodal planes correspond to different faulting styles(i.e.,thrust and strike-slip faulting).A nodal plane oriented in the NW-SE direction corresponded to a strike-slip mechanism,which was considered to be the fault ***,this earthquake was associated with the Harnai-Karahi strike-slip fault zone owing to the fault strike and direction of *** apparent stress drop,fault length,and moment magnitude of the Harnai earthquake were 35.4 bar,6.1 km,and 5.9,respectively.A lower b-value for the Gutenberg-Richter law was observed prior to the ***α-than b-values(α>b)indicate that this earthquake was governed by large events as opposed to small-magnitude *** Harnai sequence had a decay exponent close to unity,lasted for 145 days,and produced few *** study will help the future hazard mitigation in the region.

关键词： focal mechanism solution selection of fault plane FPFIT stress inversion oblique slip mechanism

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A comprehensive physical insight about thermo physical aspects of Carreau fluid flow over a rotated disk of variable thickness by implementing finite difference approach

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Propulsion and Power Research 2022年第1期11卷 143-153页

作者： Sardar Bilal Imtiaz ali shah Department of Mathematics AIR UniversityP.A.F ComplexSector E-9P.O.44000IslamabadPakistan

Present communication is devoted to analyze thermal characteristics of Carreau liquid flowing on variably thickened non-uniformly rotating *** formulation is constructed in view of complex coupled partial differential ***,boundary layer approach is executed for comprehensive examination of under consideration phenomenon with in boundary layer ***’s transformation is capitalized to convert the attained PDE’s into ordinary differential equations *** of attained ODE’s system is solved numerically by implementing Keller-Box *** of protuberant involved parameters on momentum and thermal distributions is illustrated through *** addition,impact of flow concerning parameters on wall shear stress and thermal flux is also *** assurance of present finding is done by making agreement with published results and by restricting considered problem to Newtonian ***,we observed that radially and tangentially directed wall drag lessen with growing magnitude of power law exponent ***,the consequence of disk thickness parameter grows stresses along radial direction whereas opposite behavior is depicted in case of tangentially directed friction and heat flux factors.

关键词： Carreau viscosity model Rotating disk Non-uniform thickness Keller-Box method

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