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Brain Tumor Segmentation using Multi-View Attention based Ensemble Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 5793-5806页

作者： Noreen Mushtaq Arfat Ahmad Khan Faizan Ahmed Khan muhammad Junaid Ali malik muhammad Ali Shahid Chitapong Wechtaisong Peerapong Uthansakul COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Campus45550Pakistan Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima30000Thailand COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus54000Pakistan Virtual University of Pakistan Islamabad Campus45550Pakistan COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus61100Pakistan

Astrocytoma IV or glioblastoma is one of the fatal and dangerous types of brain *** detection of brain tumor increases the survival rate and helps in reducing the fatality *** imaging modalities have been used for diagnosing by expert radiologists,and Medical Resonance Image(MRI)is considered a better option for detecting brain tumors as MRI is a non-invasive technique and provides better visualization of the brain *** of the challenging issues is to identify the tumorous region from the MRI scans *** segmentation is performed by medical experts,which is a time-consuming task and got chances of *** overcome this issue,automatic segmentation is performed for quick and accurate *** proposed approach is to capture inter-slice information and reduce the *** learning-based brain tumor segmentation techniques proved best among available segmentation ***,deep learning may miss some preliminary info while using MRI images during *** MRI volumes are volumetric,3D U-Net-based models are used but *** of multiple 2D U-Net predictions in axial,sagittal,and coronal views help to capture inter-slice *** approach may reduce the system ***,the Conditional Random Fields(CRF)reduce the predictions’false positives and improve the segmentation *** model is applied to Brain Tumor Segmentation(BraTS)2019 dataset,and cross-validation is performed to check the accuracy of *** proposed approach achieves Dice Similarity Score(DSC)of 0.77 on Enhancing Tumor(ET),0.90 on Whole Tumor(WT),and 0.84 on Tumor Core(TC)with reduced Hausdorff Distance(HD)of 3.05 on ET,5.12 on WT and 3.89 on TC.

关键词： Brain tumor deep learning detection conditional random field segmentation

Comparative analysis of bacterial contamination in tap and groundwater: A case study on water quality of Quetta City, an arid zone in Pakistan

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2022年第2期10卷 153-165页

作者： Khan Tanzeel Akhtar malik muhammad Malghani Gohram Akhtar Rabia Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Life Sciences&InformaticsBalochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering and Management SciencesQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Psychology Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering and Management SciencesQuetta 87300Pakistan

Water is an essential element on earth,which provides human a variety of services in domestic use,agriculture,or ***,some serious health risks of drinking water are associated with microbial contamination,particularly with fecal ***,microbial quality assessment is considered to be a necessary component of water quality *** study investigates microbial contamination of water distributary system around the city by comparing groundwater(GW)and tap water(TW)quality in Quetta city.31 GW samples and 31 TW samples were collected in the study area during the months of September,October,and *** coliform test was carried out in laboratory and their average total coliform contamination was *** showed that the TW sample were all contaminated by coliform except for Chiltan town,hence are not considered suitable for drinking without any treatment according to WHO drinking water quality *** average coliform concentrations were 12 in Quetta main city,11.6 in Jinnah town,5.3 in Satallite town,10 in Shahbaz town and 5 in Brewery town(0/100 mL CFU)and the TW samples from the three towns were even more contaminated with *** among the GW,average microbial concentrations were 1.8 in Quetta main city,2 in Satallite town,1.4 in Shahbaz town,and 0.4 in Chiltan town(0/100 mL CFU),respectively,which shows that the contamination is occurring within the water distributary pipeline system when the water flows through the ***,this research will be valuable for researchers and administrative authorities to conduct elaborative studies,and develop new policies to prevent further deterioration of drinking water in the water distribution system by pathogenic microorganisms and ensure safe drinking water to the public of Quetta city.

关键词： Groundwater quality Microbial contamination Coliform bacteria Drinking water quality

Antagonistic Potential of Bacterial Species against Fungal Plant Pathogens(FPP)and Their Role in Plant Growth Promotion(PGP):A Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第9期91卷 1859-1877页

作者： Amjad Ali Yasir Iftikhar Mustansar Mubeen Haider Ali muhammad Ahmad Zeshan Zohaib Asad muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye malik Abdul Rehman Mazhar Abbas muhammad Rafique muhammad Usman Ghani Department of Plant Protection Sivas University of Science and TechnologySivas58140Turkey Department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan College of Bioscience University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK Department of Plant Pathology PMAS University of Arid AgricultureRawalpindi43490Pakistan Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Citrus Research Institute Sargodha40100Pakistan Department of Agriculture and Agribusiness Management University of Karachi75270KarachiPakistan Pest warning&Quality Control of Pesticides SahiwalPunjab40210Pakistan Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of AgricultureFaisalabad38000Pakistan

Since the 19th century to date,the fungal pathogens have been involved in causing devastating diseases in *** types of fungal pathogens have been observed in important agricultural crops that lead to significant pre and postharvest *** application of synthetic fungicide against the fungal plant pathogens(FPP)is a traditional management practice but at the same time these fungicides kill other beneficial microbes,insects,animal,and humans and are harmful to *** antagonistic microorganism such as bacteria are being used as an alternate strategy to control the *** antagonistic species are cost-effective and eco-friendly in *** biocontrol bacteria have a broad mechanism against fungal pathogens present in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere of the *** antagonistic bacteria have different strategies against the FPP,by producing siderophore,biofilm,volatile organic compounds(VOCs),through parasitism,antibiosis,competition for limited resources and induce systemic resistance(ISR)in the host plant by activating the immune *** commercial bio-products synthesized by the major bacterial species Pseudomonas syringae,Burkholderia cepacia,Streptomyces griseoviridis,Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis are used to control Fusarium,Pythium,Rhizoctonia,Penicillium,Alternaria,and *** commercial bio-formulations of bacteria act as both antifungal and plant growth *** Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)played a significant role in improving plant health by nitrogen-fixing,phosphorus solubilization,phytohormones production,minimizing soil metal contamination,and by ACC deaminase antifungal *** articles are available on the specific antifungal activity of bacteria in plant ***,this review article has summarized the information on biocontrol activity of bacteria against the FPP and the role of PGPR in plant growth *** review also provided a complete picture

关键词： Fungi plant pathogens synthetic fungicide antagonism bio-products PGPR

Plasmon resonance-enhanced graphene nanofilmbased dual-band infrared silicon photodetector

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Photonics Research 2023年第10期11卷 1657-1666页

作者： XINYU LIU SHAOXIONG WU XIAOXUE CAO FENG TIAN SRIKRISHNA CHANAKYA BODEPUDI muhammad malik CHAO GAO LI PENG HUAN HU YANG XU School of Micro-Nano Electronics ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterState Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor MaterialsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China ZJU-UIUC Institute International CampusZhejiang UniversityHaining 314400China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationKey Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials&Technologies of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Graphene-based photodetectors have attracted much attention due to their unique properties,such as high-speed and wide-band detection ***,they suffer from very low external quantum efficiency in the infrared(IR)region and lack spectral ***,we construct a plasmon-enhanced macro-assembled graphene nanofilm(nMAG)based dual-band infrared silicon *** Au plasmonic nanostructures improve the absorption of long-wavelength photons with energy levels below the Schottky barrier(between metal and Si)and enhance the interface transport of *** with the strong photo-thermionic emission(PTI)effect of nMAG,the n MAG–Au–Si heterojunctions show strong dual-band detection capability with responsivities of52.9 mA/W at 1342 nm and 10.72 mA/W at 1850 nm,outperforming IR detectors without plasmonic nanostructures by 58–4562 *** synergy between plasmon–exciton resonance enhancement and the PTI effect opens a new avenue for invisible light detection.

关键词： resonance band dual

Reinforcing Artificial Neural Networks through Traditional Machine Learning Algorithms for Robust Classification of Cancer

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 4293-4315页

作者： muhammad Hammad Waseem malik Sajjad Ahmed Nadeem Ishtiaq Rasool Khan Seong-O-Shim Wajid Aziz Usman Habib Department of Computer Sciences and Information Technology University of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan Department of Computer Science and AI College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddah23890Saudi Arabia Department of Computer and Network Engineering College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddah23890Saudi Arabia Department of AI&DS School of ComputingNational University of Computer and Emerging SciencesIslamabad44000Pakistan

Machine Learning(ML)-based prediction and classification systems employ data and learning algorithms to forecast target ***,improving predictive accuracy is a crucial step for informed *** the healthcare domain,data are available in the form of genetic profiles and clinical characteristics to build prediction models for complex tasks like cancer detection or *** ML algorithms,Artificial Neural Networks(ANNs)are considered the most suitable framework for many classification *** network weights and the activation functions are the two crucial elements in the learning process of an *** weights affect the prediction ability and the convergence efficiency of the *** traditional settings,ANNs assign random weights to the *** research aims to develop a learning system for reliable cancer prediction by initializing more realistic weights computed using a supervised setting instead of random *** proposed learning system uses hybrid and traditional machine learning techniques such as Support Vector Machine(SVM),Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA),Random Forest(RF),k-Nearest Neighbour(kNN),and ANN to achieve better accuracy in colon and breast cancer *** system computes the confusion matrix-based metrics for traditional and proposed *** proposed framework attains the highest accuracy of 89.24 percent using the colon cancer dataset and 72.20 percent using the breast cancer dataset,which outperforms the other *** results show that the proposed learning system has higher predictive accuracies than conventional classifiers for each dataset,overcoming previous research ***,the proposed framework is of use to predict and classify cancer patients ***,this will facilitate the effective management of cancer patients.

关键词： ANN decision support systems gene-expression data hybrid classification machine learning predictive analytics

Automated Brain Hemorrhage Classification and Volume Analysis

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 2283-2299页

作者： Maryam Wardah muhammad Mateen Tauqeer Safdar malik Mohammad Eid Alzahrani Adil Fahad Abdulmohsen Almalawi Rizwan Ali Naqvi Department of Computer Science Air University Multan CampusMultan60000Pakistan Department of Information Technology Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Engineering and Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyAl Baha UniversityAl BahaSaudi Arabia School of Computer Science&Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea

Brain hemorrhage is a serious and life-threatening condition. It cancause permanent and lifelong disability even when it is not fatal. The wordhemorrhage denotes leakage of blood within the brain and this leakage ofblood from capillaries causes stroke and adequate supply of oxygen to thebrain is hindered. Modern imaging methods such as computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are employed to get an idearegarding the extent of the damage. An early diagnosis and treatment can savelives and limit the adverse effects of a brain hemorrhage. In this case, a deepneural network (DNN) is an effective choice for the early identification andclassification of brain hemorrhage for the timely recovery and treatment of anaffected person. In this paper, the proposed research work is divided into twonovel approaches, where, one for the classification and the other for volumecalculation of brain hemorrhage. Two different datasets are used for twodifferent techniques classification and volume. A novel algorithm is proposedto calculate the volume of hemorrhage using CT scan images. In the firstapproach, the ‘RSNA’ dataset is used to classify the brain hemorrhage typesusing transfer learning and achieved an accuracy of 93.77%. Furthermore,in the second approach, a novel algorithm has been proposed to calculate thevolume of brain hemorrhage and achieved tremendous results as 1035.91mm3and 9.25 cm3, using the PhysioNet CT scan tomography dataset.

关键词： Deep learning computed tomography magnetic resonance imaging brain hemorrhage classification volume analysis

Windows 10’s Browser Forensic Analysis for Tracing P2P Networks’Anonymous Attacks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1251-1273页

作者： Saima Kauser Tauqeer Safdar malik Mohd Hilmi Hasan Emelia Akashah P.Akhir Syed muhammad Husnain Kazmi Air University Department of Computer ScienceMultan60000Pakistan Centre for Research in Data Science Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri IskandarPerak32610Malaysia IAR Systems MästaStockholmStation Gatan 2319542Sweden

A web browser is the most basic tool for accessing the internet from any of the machines/***,data breaches have been reported frequently from users who are concerned about their personal information,as well as threats from criminal *** loss of data and information to an innocent user comes under the jurisdiction of *** kinds of cyber-attacks are far more dangerous when it comes to the many types of devices employed in an internet of things(IoT)*** surveillance of IoT devices and forensic tools are required to overcome the issues pertaining to secure data and *** to peer(P2P)applications have been utilized for criminal operations on the ***,it is a challenge for a forensic investigator to perform forensic analysis of the evolving hardware and software platforms for *** identity concealment and privacy protection,the Onion Router(Tor)and Chrome with the Invisible Internet Project(I2P)as the foundation browser are often *** is required to determine whether Tor is truly anonymous and private as they *** people,on the other hand,utilize the Tor browser for evil *** and techniques are available for the collection of artifacts,identifying problem areas,further processing and analysis of data on the computer and *** research tried to explore a few tools for the tracing of I2P activities over computer on windows 10 that reflects IoT *** to the results of this research,it leaves an excessive amount of important digital evidence on the operating system that can be exploited to attack the information of *** research is based on windows operating system and does not support other operating systems.

关键词： Cyber-security peer-to-peer invisible internet project(I2P) forensic analysis the onion router(Tor)

Impediments of Cognitive System Engineering in Machine-Human Modeling

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6689-6701页

作者： Fayaz Ahmad Fayaz Arun malik Isha Batra Akber Abid Gardezi Syed Immamul Ansarullah Shafiq Ahmad Mejdal Alqahtani muhammad Shafiq National Institute of Electronics and Information Technology(NIELIT) J&K191132India Department of Computer Science&Engineering Lovely Professional University(LPU)Punjab144402India Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad45550Pakistan Department of Computer Science Govt.Degree College Sumbal Kashmir193501India Industrial Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

A comprehensive understanding of human intelligence is still an ongoing process,i.e.,human and information security are not yet perfectly *** understanding cognitive processes,designers can design humanized cognitive information systems(CIS).The need for this research is justified because today’s business decision makers are faced with questions they cannot answer in a given amount of time without the use of cognitive information *** researchers aim to better strengthen cognitive information systems with more pronounced cognitive thresholds by demonstrating the resilience of cognitive resonant frequencies to reveal possible responses to improve the efficiency of human-computer interaction(HCI).Apractice-oriented research approach included research analysis and a review of existing articles to pursue a comparative research model;thereafter,amodel development paradigm was used to observe and monitor the progression of CIS during *** scope of our research provides a broader perspective on how different disciplines affect HCI and how human cognitive models can be enhanced to enrich *** have identified a significant gap in the current literature on mental processing resulting from a wide range of theory and practice.

关键词： Cognitive-IoT human-computer interaction decision making

Vanillin cross-linked hydrogel membranes interfacial reinforced by carbon nitride nanosheets for enhanced antibacterial activity and mechanical properties

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第4期34卷 164-171页

作者： Umer Shahzad malik Qixiang Duan muhammad Bilal K.Niazi Zaib Jahan Usman Liaqat Farooq Sher Yanchang Gan Honghao Hou School of Chemical and Materials Engineering National University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Department of Engineering School of Science and TechnologyNottingham Trent UniversityNottingham NG118NSUnited Kingdom

Biopolymer based hydrogels are highly adaptable, compatible and have shown great potential in biological tissues in biomedical applications. However, the development of bio-based hydrogels with high strength and effective antibacterial activity remains challenging. Herein, a series of vanillin-cross-linked chitosan nanocomposite hydrogel interfacially reinforced by g-C_(3)N_(4)nanosheet carrying starch-caped Ag NPs were prepared for wound healing applications. The study aimed to enhance the strength, sustainability and control release ability of the fabricated membranes. Starch-caped silver nanoparticles were incorporated to enhance the anti-bacterial activities The fabricated membranes were assessed using various characterization techniques such as FT-IR, XRD, SEM, mechanical testing, Gel fraction and porosity alongside traditional biomedical tests i.e., swelling percentage, moisture retention ability, water vapor transmission rate, oxygen permeability, anti-bacterial activity and drug-release of the fabricated membranes. The mechanical strength reached as high as 25.9 ± 0.24 MPa for the best optimized sample. The moisture retention lied between 87%–89%, gel fraction 80%–85%, and water vapor transmission up to 104 ± 1.9g m^(-2)h^(-1)showing great properties of the fabricated membrane. Swelling percentage surged to 225% for blood while porosity fluctuated between 44% ± 2.1% and 52.5% ± 2.3%. Oxygen permeability reached up to 8.02 mg/L showing the breathable nature of fabricated membranes. The nanocomposite membrane shown excellent antibacterial activity for both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria with a maximum zone of inhibition 30 ± 0.25 mm and 36.23 ± 0.23 mm respectively. Furthermore, nanoparticles maintained sustainable release following non-fickian diffusion. The fabricated membrane demonstrated the application of inorganic filler to enhance the strength of biopolymer hydrogel with superior *** results envisage the potential of synthesized m

关键词： Green synthesis Sustainable membranes Starch capped silver nanoparticles g-C_(3)N_(4)nanosheets Wound dressing Antibacterial