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Peat properties of a tropical forest reserve adjacent to a fire-break canal

Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 155-167页

作者： Dayang Nur sakinah Musa Mohd Zahirasri Mohd Tohir Xinyan Huang Luqman Chuah Abdullah Mohamad syazaruddin Md said muhammad firdaus.s.laiman safety Engineering Interest Group(sEIG) Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia International Tropical Forestry Programme Faculty of Tropical ForestryUniversiti Malaysia SabahSabahMalaysia Department of Land Management Faculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSelangorMalaysia Research Centre for Fire safety Engineering Department of Building Environment and Energy EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongPeople’s Republic of China

Tropical peat comprises decomposed dead plant material and acts like a sponge to absorb water,making it fully ***,drought periods dry it readily and increases its vulnerability to *** fires emit greenhouse gases and particles contributing to haze,and prevention by constructing fire-break canals to reduce fire spread into forest reserves is *** paper aims to determine peat physical and chemical properties near a fire-break canal at different fire frequency *** sampling was conducted at two forest reserves in Malaysia which represent low fire frequency and high fire frequency *** results show that peat properties were not affected by the construction of a fire-break canal,however lignin and cellulose content increased significantly from the distance of the canal in both *** study concluded that fire frequency did not significantly influence peat properties except for *** higher fibre content in the high frequency area did not influence moisture content nor the ability to regain ***,fire frequency might contribute differently to changes in physical and chemical properties,hence management efforts to construct fire-break canals and restoration efforts should protect peatlands from further *** findings will benefit future management and planning for forest reserves.

关键词： Peat fire Peat properties Fire-break canals Forest reserves

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Comparative analysis of jet and underlying event properties across various models as a function of charged particle multiplicity at 7 TeV

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 118-125页

作者： Maryam Waqar Haifa I.Alrebdi muhammad Waqas K.s.Al-mugren muhammad Ajaz Department of Physics Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan 23200Pakistan Department of Physics College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia school of Nuclear science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

In this study,a comprehensive analysis of jets and underlying events as a function of charged particle multiplicity in proton-proton(pp)collisions at a center-of-mass energy of √s=7 TeV is *** Monte Carlo(MC)event generators,including Pythia8.308,EPOs 1.99,EPOsLHC,EPOs4_(Hydro),and EPOs4_(noHydro),are employed to predict particle *** predictions from these models are compared with experimental data from the CMs *** charged particles are categorized into those associated with underlying events and those linked to jets,and the analysis is restricted to charged particles with|η|0.25 GeV/*** comparing the MC predictions with CMs data,we find that EPOs4_(Hydro),EPOsLHC,and Pythia8 consistently reproduce the experimental results for all charged particles,underlying events,intrajets,and leading charged *** charged jet rates with p_T^(***)>5 GeV/c,EPOs4_(Hydro)and Pythia8 perform exceptionally *** the case of charged jet rates with p_T^(***)→30 GeV/c,EPOsLHC reproduces satisfactorily good results,whereas EPOs4 Hydro exhibits good agreement with the data at higher charged particle multiplicities compared to the other *** can be attributed to the conversion of energy into flow when"Hydro=on"leading to an increase in *** EPOsLHC model describes the data better owing to the new collective flow effects,correlated flow treatment,and parameterization compared to EPOs ***,the examination of the jet p_T spectrum and normalized charged p_T density reveals that EPOs4_(Hydro),EPOs4_(noHydro),and EPOsLHC exhibit good agreement with the experimental results,whereas Pythia8 and EPOs 1.99 do not perform as well owing to the lack of correlated flow treatment.

关键词： Monte Carlo models underlying event jets charged particle multiplicity

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An integrated land change modeler and distributed hydrological model approach for quantifying future urban runoff dynamics

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science China Earth sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3288-3301页

作者： Asad Hussain muhammad Waseem muhammad Ajmal muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq muhammad Jiaqing XIAO Tao YANG Pengfei sHI Institute for Disaster Risk Management School of Geographical ScienceNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Hydrology and Water Resources Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Centre of Excellence in Water Resources Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore 54890Pakistan Department of Agricultural Engineering Faculty of CivilAgricultural and Mining EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar 25120Pakistan

Climate and land use changes have a significant impact on the runoff generation process in urban environments, and these effects could get worse in the future. The combined contributions of these changes have increased the risk of ***, there is a need for integrated modeling to better understand the runoff variability, especially in small urban catchments. To quantify and separate the effects of land-use changes and climate change on the hydrological response of urban catchments with a distributed hydrological model(storm Water Management Model, sWMM), this study introduces a new integrated approach based on the Machine Learning based land use change modeler and climate change scenarios under *** on supervised classification and land use change model analysis, accumulated impervious area increase from 22%(in2023) to 33%(in 2060) was observed in the study area. Furthermore, integrating this projected increase in imperviousness with future climate change into sWMM by considering three different scenarios i.e., s1(Climate Change), s2(Combined Land Use and Climate Change), and s3(Land use Change) resulted that climate change could cause an increase in runoff from 13.2% to18.3% in peak runoff and the contribution of land use could range from 9.1% to 18.6%. similarly, in response to the coupled effects of climate and land-use change, the runoff would likely change from 24.53% to 39.66%. Conclusively, the study showed that despite climate change, intensive urban development by the substitution of impervious surfaces could also have a severe impact on the microclimate and hydrology of small catchments. Lastly, this study could provide a way forward for the future planning and management of water resources in small catchments which could be extended to larger catchments.

关键词： Climate change Land-use modeling Runoff simulation Percent Imperviousness Terrset

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Enhancing PDF Malware Detection through Logistic Model Trees

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3645-3663页

作者： muhammad Binsawad Department of Information systems King Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.Box 80217Jeddah21589Saudi Arabia

Malware is an ever-present and dynamic threat to networks and computer systems in cybersecurity,and because of its complexity and evasiveness,it is challenging to identify using traditional signature-based detection *** study article discusses the growing danger to cybersecurity that malware hidden in PDF files poses,highlighting the shortcomings of conventional detection techniques and the difficulties presented by adversarial *** article presents a new method that improves PDF virus detection by using document analysis and a Logistic Model *** a dataset from the Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity,a comparative analysis is carried out with well-known machine learning models,such as Credal Decision Tree,Naïve Bayes,Average One Dependency Estimator,Locally Weighted Learning,and stochastic Gradient *** traditional structural and Javascript-centric PDF analysis,the research makes a substantial contribution to the area by boosting precision and resilience in malware *** use of Logistic Model Tree,a thorough feature selection approach,and increased focus on PDF file attributes all contribute to the efficiency of PDF virus *** paper emphasizes Logistic Model Tree’s critical role in tackling increasing cybersecurity threats and proposes a viable answer to practical issues in the *** results reveal that the Logistic Model Tree is superior,with improved accuracy of 97.46%when compared to benchmark models,demonstrating its usefulness in addressing the ever-changing threat landscape.

关键词： Malware detection PDF files logistic model tree feature selection cybersecurity

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Consequences of Rényi entropy on the thermal geometries and Hawking evaporation of topological dyonic dilaton black hole

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 102-110页

作者： muhammad Yasir Xia Tiecheng muhammad Usman shahid Chaudhary Department of Mathematics Shanghai University and Newtouch Center for Mathematics of Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China Department of Natural sciences and Humanities University of Engineering and Technology LahoreNew CampusPakistan

The thermodynamics of black holes(BHs)has had a profound impact on theoretical physics,providing insight into the nature of gravity,the quantum structure of spacetime and the fundamental laws governing the *** this study,we investigate thermal geometries and Hawking evaporation of the recently proposed topological dyonic dilaton BH in anti-de sitter(Ad s)*** consider Rényi entropy and obtain the relations for pressure,heat capacity and Gibbs free energy and observe that the Rényi parameter and dilaton field play a vital role in the phase transition and stability of the ***,we use Weinhold,Ruppeiner and Hendi Panahiyah Eslam Momennia models to evaluate the scalar curvature of the BH and find out that the divergence points of the scalar curvature coincides with the zero of specific ***,using stefan–Boltzmann law,we determine that the BH without a dilaton field evaporates far more quickly compared to the dilaton BH in Ad s space.

关键词： topological dyonic dilaton black hole phase transition thermal geometry Hawking evaporation

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Tuning structural,electrical,dielectric and magnetic properties of Mg-Cu-Co ferrites via dysprosium(Dy^(3+))doping

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 137-146,I0005页

作者： Maria Akhtar M.s.Hasan Nasir Amin N.A.Morley muhammad Imran Arshad Department of Physics Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Physics The University of Lahore53700Pakistan Department of Materials science and Engineering The University of SheffieldS13JDUK Department of Physics&Astronomy University College LondonUK

In current research work,Dy3+substituted Mg0.5Cu0.25Co0.25Fe2-xDyxO4(0.0≤x≤0.04 with the step interval of 0.01)soft ferrites were synthesized by the sol-gel auto combustion *** prepared samples were characterized by the techniques using X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(sEM),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDs),Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,curre nt-voltage(Ⅰ-Ⅴ)measurement,LCR meter,vibrating sample magnetometer(VsM)and *** data reveal that the average crystallite size is 49.71 nm and the lattice constant is 0.83703 nm for sample x=*** non-uniform grain growth was demonstrated by micrographs and impurity-free elemental composition was observed from EDX *** DC resistivity has an increasing and decreasing trend in ferromagnetic and paramagnetic regions with an increase in ***,the high resistivity is observed with the order of 1010Ω·cm,and the activation energy is 0.944 eV for samples x=*** dielectric parameters including dielectric constant,dielectric losses,and impedance gradually decrease with the increase in frequency from 8 Hz to 8 *** minimum dielectric loss at high frequency is found for sample x=*** coercivity(Hc)and saturation magnetization(Ms)are found in the ranges of 520.82-544.02 Oe and 20.5841-21.1473 emu/g,*** observations confirm that dysprosium(x=0.03)doped MCC-soft ferrites may be applicable in transformer cores,microwave absorbance,and telecommunication devices.

关键词： soft ferrites DC resistivity Dielectric loss Impedance Coercivity Rare earths

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Nodule Detection Using Local Binary Pattern Features to Enhance Diagnostic Decisions

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3377-3390页

作者： Umar Rashid Arfan Jaffar muhammad Rashid Mohammed s.Alshuhri sheeraz Akram Faculty of Computer science and Information Technology The Superior UniversityLahore54600Pakistan Intelligent Data Visual Computing Research(IDVCR) Lahore54600Pakistan Department of Computer science National University of TechnologyIslamabad45000Pakistan Department of Radiological sciences and Medical Imaging College of AppliedMedical SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj16278Saudi Arabia Information systems Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh12571Saudi Arabia

Pulmonary nodules are small, round, or oval-shaped growths on the lungs. They can be benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous). The size of a nodule can range from a few millimeters to a few centimeters in diameter. Nodules may be found during a chest X-ray or other imaging test for an unrelated health problem. In the proposed methodology pulmonary nodules can be classified into three stages. Firstly, a 2D histogram thresholding technique is used to identify volume segmentation. An ant colony optimization algorithm is used to determine the optimal threshold value. secondly, geometrical features such as lines, arcs, extended arcs, and ellipses are used to detect oval shapes. Thirdly, Histogram Oriented surface Normal Vector (HOsNV) feature descriptors can be used to identify nodules of different sizes and shapes by using a scaled and rotation-invariant texture description. smart nodule classification was performed with the XGBoost classifier. The results are tested and validated using the Lung Image Consortium Database (LICD). The proposed method has a sensitivity of 98.49% for nodules sized 3–30 mm.

关键词： Pulmonary nodules segmentation histogram thresholding

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Predicting Age and Gender in Author Profiling: A Multi-Feature Exploration

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3333-3353页

作者： Aiman muhammad Arshad Bilal Khan sadique Ahmad muhammad Asim Department of Computer science City University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan EIAs:Data science and Blockchain Laboratory College of Computer and Information SciencesPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia school of Computer science and Technology Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou510006China

Author Profiling (AP) is a subsection of digital forensics that focuses on the detection of the author’s personalinformation, such as age, gender, occupation, and education, based on various linguistic features, e.g., stylistic,semantic, and syntactic. The importance of AP lies in various fields, including forensics, security, medicine, andmarketing. In previous studies, many works have been done using different languages, e.g., English, Arabic, French,***, the research on RomanUrdu is not up to the ***, this study focuses on detecting the author’sage and gender based on Roman Urdu text messages. The dataset used in this study is Fire’18-MaponsMs. Thisstudy proposed an ensemble model based on AdaBoostM1 and Random Forest (AMBRF) for AP using multiplelinguistic features that are stylistic, character-based, word-based, and sentence-based. The proposed model iscontrasted with several of the well-known models fromthe literature, including J48-Decision Tree (J48),Na飗e Bays(NB), K Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Composite Hypercube on Random Projection (CHIRP), NB-Updatable,RF, and AdaboostM1. The overall outcome shows the better performance of the proposed AdaboostM1 withRandom Forest (ABMRF) with an accuracy of 54.2857% for age prediction and 71.1429% for gender predictioncalculated on stylistic features. Regarding word-based features, age and gender were considered in 50.5714% and60%, respectively. On the other hand, KNN and CHIRP show the weakest performance using all the linguisticfeatures for age and gender prediction.

关键词： Digital forensics author profiling for security AdaBoostM1 random forest ensemble learning

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RUsAs: Roman Urdu sentiment Analysis system

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1463-1480页

作者： Kazim Jawad muhammad Ahmad Majdah Alvi muhammad Bux Alvi Faculty of Computer science and Engineering Frankfurt University of Applied SciencesFrankfurt am Main60318Germany Technical Writer and Researcher Proteus Technologies LLCIslamabad04405Pakistan Faculty of Engineering The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan

sentiment analysis, the meta field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), attempts to analyze and identify thesentiments in the opinionated text data. People share their judgments, reactions, and feedback on the internetusing various languages. Urdu is one of them, and it is frequently used worldwide. Urdu-speaking people prefer tocommunicate on social media in Roman Urdu (RU), an English scripting style with the Urdu language *** have developed versatile lexical resources for features-rich comprehensive languages, but limitedlinguistic resources are available to facilitate the sentiment classification of Roman Urdu. This effort encompassesextracting subjective expressions in Roman Urdu and determining the implied opinionated text polarity. Theprimary sources of the dataset are Daraz (an e-commerce platform), Google Maps, and the manual effort. Thecontributions of this study include a Bilingual Roman Urdu Language Detector (BRULD) and a Roman Urduspelling Checker (RUsC). These integrated modules accept the user input, detect the text language, correct thespellings, categorize the sentiments, and return the input sentence’s orientation with a sentiment intensity *** developed system gains strength with each input experience gradually. The results show that the languagedetector gives an accuracy of 97.1% on a close domain dataset, with an overall sentiment classification accuracy of94.3%.

关键词： Roman Urdu sentiment analysis Roman Urdu language detector Roman Urdu spelling checker flask

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A Framework for Enhancing Privacy and Anonymity in Blockchain-Enabled IoT Devices

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 4263-4282页

作者： muhammad saad muhammad Raheel Bhutta Jongik Kim Tae-sun Chung Department of Artificial Intelligence Ajou UniversitySuwon443-749Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Utah Asia CampusIncheon21985Korea Department of Artificial Intelligence Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Korea

With the increase in IoT(Internet of Things)devices comes an inherent challenge of *** the world today,privacy is the prime concern of every *** one’s privacy and keeping anonymity throughout the system is a desired functionality that does not come without inevitable trade-offs like scalability and increased complexity and is always exceedingly difficult to *** challenge is keeping confidentiality and continuing to make the person innominate throughout the *** address this,we present our proposed architecture where we manage IoT devices using blockchain *** proposed architecture works on and off blockchain integrated with the closed-circuit television(CCTV)security camera fixed at the rental *** this framework,the CCTV security camera feed is redirected towards the owner and renter based on the smart contract *** entity(owner or renter)can see the CCTV security camera feed at one *** is no third-party dependence except for the CCTV security camera deployment *** contributions include the proposition of framework architecture,a novel smart contract algorithm,and the modification to the ring signatures leveraging an existing cryptographic *** are made based on different systems’security and key management *** an empirical study,our proposed algorithm performed better in key generation,proof generation,and verification *** comparing similar existing schemes,we have shown the proposed architectures’*** now,we have developed this system for a specific area in the real ***,this system is scalable and applicable to other areas like healthcare monitoring systems,which is part of our future work.

关键词： Privacy anonymity blockchain IoT smart contracts

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