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Binary Oriented Feature Selection for Valid Product Derivation in Software Product Line

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 3653-3670页

作者： muhammad fezan afzal Imran Khan Javed Rashid Mubbashar Saddique Heba G.Mohamed Department of CS&SE International Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Information Technology Services University of OkaraOkara56300Pakistan Departmet of Computer Science MLC LabOkara56300Pakistan Department of Computer Science&Engineering University of Engineering&Technology LahoreNarowal CampusNarowal51601Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Software Product Line(SPL)is a group of software-intensive systems that share common and variable resources for developing a particular *** feature model is a tree-type structure used to manage SPL’s common and variable features with their different relations and problem of Crosstree Constraints(CTC).CTC problems exist in groups of common and variable features among the sub-tree of feature models more diverse in Internet of Things(IoT)devices because different Internet devices and protocols are ***,managing the CTC problem to achieve valid product configuration in IoT-based SPL is more complex,time-consuming,and ***,the CTC problem needs to be considered in previously proposed approaches such as Commonality VariabilityModeling of Features(COVAMOF)andGenarch+tool;therefore,invalid products are *** research has proposed a novel approach Binary Oriented Feature Selection Crosstree Constraints(BOFS-CTC),to find all possible valid products by selecting the features according to cardinality constraints and cross-tree constraint problems in the featuremodel of ***-CTC removes the invalid products at the early stage of feature selection for the product ***,this research developed the BOFS-CTC algorithm and applied it to,IoT-based feature *** findings of this research are that no relationship constraints and CTC violations occur and drive the valid feature product configurations for the application development by removing the invalid product *** accuracy of BOFS-CTC is measured by the integration sampling technique,where different valid product configurations are compared with the product configurations derived by BOFS-CTC and found 100%*** BOFS-CTC eliminates the testing cost and development effort of invalid SPL products.

关键词： Software product line feature model internet of things crosstree constraints variability management

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Cold plasma-induced effects on electromagnetic wave scattering in waveguides:a mode-matching analysis

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 144-156页

作者： Shahana Rizvi muhammad afzal Department of Mathematics Capital University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan

This article presents advancements in an analytical mode-matching technique for studying electromagnetic wave propagation in a parallel-plate metallic rectangular *** technique involves projecting the solution onto basis functions and solving linear algebraic systems to determine scattering *** accuracy of this method is validated via numerical assessments,which involve the reconstruction of matching conditions and conservation *** study highlights the impact of geometric and material variations on reflection and transmission phenomena in the waveguide.

关键词： electromagnetic waves scattering cold plasma metallic conducting mode-matching technique

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Gender disparities and woman-specific trends in Barrett’s esophagus in the United States:An 11-year nationwide populationbased study

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 60-71页

作者： Karina Fatakhova Faisal Inayat Hassam Ali Pratik Patel Attiq Ur Rehman Arslan afzal muhammad Sarfraz Shiza Sarfraz Gul Nawaz Ahtshamullah Chaudhry Rubaid Dhillon Arthur Dilibe Benjamin Glazebnik Lindsey Jones Emily Glazer Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mather Hospital and Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra UniversityPort JeffersonNY 11777United States Department of Internal Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahorePunjab 54550Pakistan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical CenterWilkes-BarrePA 18711United States Department of Internal Medicine East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Department of Internal Medicine St.Dominic's HospitalJacksonMS 39216United States Department of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionCleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Internal Medicine Mather Hospital and Hofstra University ZuckerSchool of MedicinePort JeffersonNY 11777United States

BACKGROUND Barrett's esophagus(BE)is a known premalignant precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma(EAC).The prevalence rates continue to rise in the United States,but many patients who are at risk of EAC are not *** practice guidelines include male gender as a predisposing factor for BE and *** population-based clinical evidence regarding female gender remains *** To study comparative trends of gender disparities in patients with BE in the United *** A nationwide retrospective study was conducted using the 2009-2019 National Inpatient Sample(NIS)*** with a primary or secondary diagnosis code of BE were *** major outcome of interest was determining the gender disparities in patients with *** analysis for respective outcomes for females was also reported to ascertain any time-based *** We identified 1204190 patients with BE for the study *** the included patients,717439(59.6%)were men and 486751(40.4%)were *** mean age was higher in women than in men(67.1±0.4 vs 66.6±0.3 years,P<0.001).The rate of BE per 100000 total NIS hospitalizations for males increased from 144.6 in 2009 to 213.4 in 2019(P<0.001).The rate for females increased from 96.8 in 2009 to 148.7 in 2019(P<0.001).There was a higher frequency of obesity among women compared to men(17.4%vs 12.6%,P<0.001).Obesity prevalence among females increased from 12.3%in 2009 to 21.9%in 2019(P<0.001).A lower prevalence of smoking was noted in women than in men(20.8%vs 35.7%,P<0.001).However,trend analysis showed an increasing prevalence of smoking among women,from 12.9%in 2009 to 30.7%in 2019(P<0.001).Additionally,there was a lower prevalence of alcohol abuse,Helicobacter pylori(***),and diabetes mellitus among females than males(P<0.001).Trend analysis showed an increasing prevalence of alcohol use disorder and a decreasing prevalence of *** and diabetes mellitus among women(P<0.001).CONCLUSION The prevalence of BE among

关键词： Barrett’s esophagus Gender disparity Epidemiological trends Esophageal adenocarcinoma Screening endoscopy Female gender Risk factors

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Electromagnetic wave scattering in plasma beam-driven waveguides under strong magnetic fields

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第11期76卷 123-134页

作者： Shahana Rizvi muhammad afzal Department of Mathematics Capital University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Center for Applied Mathematics and BioinformaticsGulf University for Science&Technology32093 HawallyKuwait

This study analyzes the scattering of electromagnetic waves in a cold and uniform plasma-filled waveguide driven by an intense relativistic plasma beam under a strong magnetic *** strong interaction of plasma with electromagnetic waves enables its potential use in different types of *** Helmholtz equation governs the boundary value problem,which is solved by incorporating the mode matching *** the boundary and matching conditions and the derived orthogonality and dispersion relations in this scheme gives an exact solution to the scattering *** numerical results shed light on the occurrence of reflection and transmission and flow of *** power flux is plotted against angular frequency and various duct *** solution is completely validated through the benefit of analytical and numerical *** investigation of this structure reveals not only its mathematical,but also its physical features.

关键词： electromagnetic waves cold plasma mode matching technique

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Exploiting Structural Similarities to Classify Citations

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1195-1214页

作者： muhammad Saboor Ahmed muhammad Tanvir afzal Capital University of Science and Technology IslamabadPakistan

Citations play an important role in the scientific community by assisting in measuring multifarious policies like the impact of journals,researchers,institutions,and *** cite papers for different reasons,such as extending previous work,comparing their study with the state-of-the-art,providing background of the field,*** recent years,researchers have tried to conceptualize all citations into two broad categories,important and *** a categorization is very important to enhance scientific output in multiple ways,for instance,(1)Helping a researcher in identifying meaningful citations from a list of 100 to 1000 citations(2)Enhancing the impact factor calculation mechanism by more strongly weighting important citations,and(3)Improving researcher,institutional,and university rankings by only considering important *** of these uses depend upon correctly identifying the important citations from the list of all citations in a *** date,researchers have utilized many features to classify citations into these broad categories:cue phrases,in-text citation counts,and metadata features,***,contemporary approaches are based on identification of in-text citation counts,mapping sections onto the Introduction,Methods,Results,and Discussion(IMRAD)structure,identifying cue phrases,*** such features accurately is a challenging task and is normally conducted manually,with the accuracy of citation classification demonstrated in terms of these manually extracted *** research proposes to examine the content of the cited and citing pair to identify important citing papers for each cited *** content similarity approach was adopted from research paper recommendation ***,a novel section-based content similarity approach is also *** results show that solely using the abstract of the cited and citing papers can achieve similar accuracy as the stateof-the-art *** makes the propose

关键词： Section-wise similarity citation classification content similarity important citation

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Investigation of ageing effects on the electrical properties of polyaniline/silver nanocomposites

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Chinese Physics B 2011年第5期20卷 424-432页

作者： Asma Binat afzal muhammad Javed Akhtar Physics Division PINSTECHP.O.NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan Department of Chemical and Material Engineering PIEASIslamabad 45650Pakistan

Polyaniline（PANI）/Ag nanocomposites, synthesized by incorporation of separately prepared silver nanoparticles in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone（NMP） solution of PANI, have been aged at the accelerated temperature of 120℃ to simulate a storage period of 2 years at 25℃. The accelerated ageing of these materials is done by using the activation energy calculated from data collected using heat flow calorimetry （HFC）. The impedance spectroscopic studies of NMP plasticized aged nanocomposite films suggest a microphase separation into reduced and oxidized repeat units. There is crosslinking of the lPANI films during ageing thereby obstructing the charge transfer between PANI chains and silver nanoparticles. As a result, the resistivity is increased.

关键词： polyaniline Ag nanoparticles impedance spectroscopy ageing

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Autonomous Eyewitness Identification by Employing Linguistic Rules forDisaster Events

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第1期66卷 481-498页

作者： Sajjad Haider muhammad Tanvir afzal Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad44000Pakistan

Social networking platforms provide a vital source for disseminating information across the globe,particularly in case of *** platforms are great mean to find out the real account of the *** is an example of such platform,which has been extensively utilized by scientific community due to its unidirectional *** is considered a challenging task to identify eyewitness tweets about the incident from the millions of tweets shared by twitter *** community has proposed diverse sets of techniques to identify eyewitness account.A recent state-of-the-art approach has proposed a comprehensive set of features to identify eyewitness ***,this approach suffers some ***,automatically extracting the feature-words remains a perplexing task against each feature identified by the ***,all identified features were not incorporated in the *** paper has utilized the language structure,linguistics,and word relation to achieve automatic extraction of feature-words by creating grammar ***,all identified features were implemented which were left out by the state-of-the-art model.A generic approach is taken to cover different types of disaster such as earthquakes,floods,hurricanes,and *** proposed approach was then evaluated for all disaster-types,including earthquakes,floods,hurricanes,and *** on the static dictionary,the Zahra et *** was able to produce an F-Score value of 0.92 for Eyewitness identification in the earthquake *** proposed approach secured F-Score values of 0.81 in the same *** score can be considered as a significant score without using a static dictionary.

关键词： Grammar rules social media eyewitness identification disaster response

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Systematic study of(MoTa)_(x)NbTiZr medium-and high-entropy alloys for biomedical implants-In vivo biocompatibility examination

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第19期78卷 183-191页

作者： muhammad Akmal Ahtesham Hussain muhammad afzal Young Ik Lee Ho Jin Ryu Department of Materials Science and Engineering KAISTYuseongDaejeon 34141South Korea Lee's Biotech Co. Ltd.#415C-Dong13 Techno-4-roYuseong-guDaejeon34013South Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering KAISTYuseongDaejeon34141South Korea Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering KAISTYuseongDaejeon 34141South Korea

In this study,the application of medium-and high-entropy(Mo Ta)_(x)Nb Ti Zr alloys in biomedical implants was systematically *** alloy with the best combination of mechanical properties was selected and characterized for in vitro and in vivo response for the first time to examine its biomedical properties.A logarithmic increase in the hardness and the yield strength was observed as a function of the Mo and Ta *** with up to 0.4 mol fraction of Mo and Ta showed a plastic strain of more than 30%under *** nanoindentation results showed that the addition of Mo and Ta increased the elastic modulus of the system *** was surmised that the addition of Ta and Mo above a critical concentration(mole fraction=0.4)was unfavorable from a biomedical perspective as it increased the brittleness and elastic modulus and decreased the ductility of the ***,the(Mo Ta)_(0.2)Nb Ti Zr alloy is a potential structural material for biomedical implants because of its excellent strength and *** developed alloy was investigated for its corrosion properties and compared with commercial biomedical ***,the biocompatibility of the alloy was examined using an in vivo *** alloy was implanted in the skeletal muscles of mice for four weeks and the histology of the surrounding tissue was *** alloy exhibited strong passive behavior in a phosphate buffer solution and non-toxic soft tissue response.

关键词： High-entropy alloys Medium-entropy alloys Biomedical applications In vivo Biocompatibility

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A Quantitative Security Metric Model for Security Controls:Secure Virtual Machine Migration Protocol as Target of Assessment

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China Communications 2018年第8期15卷 126-140页

作者： Tayyaba Zeb muhammad Yousaf Humaira afzal muhammad Rafiq Mufti School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science(SEECS) National University of Sciences and TechnologylslamabadPakistan Riphah Institute of Systems Engineering(RISE) Riphah International UniversityIslamabadPakistan Institute of Computing Department of Computer ScienceBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Department of Computer Sciences COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyVehariPakistan

Quantitative security metrics are desirable for measuring the performance of information security controls. Security metrics help to make functional and business decisions for improving the performance and cost of the security controls. However, defining enterprise-level security metrics has already been listed as one of the hard problems in the Info Sec Research Council's hard problems list. Almost all the efforts in defining absolute security metrics for the enterprise security have not been proved fruitful. At the same time, with the maturity of the security industry, there has been a continuous emphasis from the regulatory bodies on establishing measurable security metrics. This paper addresses this need and proposes a relative security metric model that derives three quantitative security metrics named Attack Resiliency Measure(ARM), Performance Improvement Factor(PIF), and Cost/Benefit Measure(CBM) for measuring the performance of the security controls. For the effectiveness evaluation of the proposed security metrics, we took the secure virtual machine(VM) migration protocol as the target of assessment. The virtual-ization technologies are rapidly changing the landscape of the computing world. Devising security metrics for virtualized environment is even more challenging. As secure virtual machine migration is an evolving area and no standard protocol is available specifically for secure VM migration. This paper took the secure virtual machine migration protocol as the target of assessment and applied the proposed relative security metric model for measuring the Attack Resiliency Measure, Performance Improvement Factor, and Cost/Benefit Measure of the secure VM migration protocol.

关键词： attack resiliency measure cost-benefit measure performance improvement factor security assessment formal verification security controls security metrics virtual machine migration protocol

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Are efforts up to the mark? A cirrhotic state and knowledge about HCV prevalence in general population of Pakistan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第6期9卷 597-598页

作者： muhammad Sohail afzal Department of Chemistry School of Science University of Management and Technology (UMT)

Pakistan is declared a cirrhotic state by WHO because of high prevalence of Hepatitis C virus(HCV). It is proposed that there are more than 10 million infected individuals in Pakistan. Keeping in mind the scenario, one should expect to have proper surveillance system for HCV monitoring across the country not only for high risk groups but also for general population as well. Monitoring the general population is of considerable help to identify the hot spots for infection spread and will help in designing effective strategies. In this study the current available data from last 6 years is analyzed. The results showed that the range of HCV seroprevalence in general population in Pakistan varied from 3.13%-23.83%. Similarly year wise HCV prevalence showed great variation and the prevalence was 9.57%, 6.04%, 7.46%, 4.9% and 11.04% in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 respectively. The current analysis declared that available data is not sufficient and is not presenting the original picture of the situation. On these basis, a proper surveillance system is proposed across the country to get an actual picture of the infection for better management in future and massive community education programmes should be warranted in identified hot spots across the country.

关键词： HCV General population Prevalence Community education Pakistan

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