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Differential evolution based computation intelligence solver for elliptic partial differential equations

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019年第10期20卷 1445-1456页

作者： Muhammad Faisal FATEH Aneela ZAMEER Sikander MMIRZA Nasir MMIRZA muhammad Saeed ASLAM muhammad Asif Zahoor RAJA Department of Electrical Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences(PIEAS)Islamabad 45650Pakistan Department of Computer and Information Sciences Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences(PIEAS)Islamabad 45650Pakistan Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences(PIEAS)Islamabad 45650Pakistan School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of AdelaideAdelaide 5005Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadAttock CampusAttock 43600Pakistan

A differential evolution based methodology is introduced for the solution of elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) with Dirichlet and/or Neumann boundary conditions. The solutions evolve over bounded domains throughout the interior nodes by minimization of nodal deviations among the population. The elliptic PDEs are replaced by the corresponding system of finite difference approximation, yielding an expression for nodal residues. The global residue is declared as the root-mean-square value of the nodal residues and taken as the cost function. The standard differential evolution is then used for the solution of elliptic PDEs by conversion to a minimization problem of the global residue. A set of benchmark problems consisting of both linear and nonlinear elliptic PDEs has been considered for validation, proving the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. To demonstrate its robustness, sensitivity analysis has been carried out for various differential evolution operators and parameters. Comparison of the differential evolution based computed nodal values with the corresponding data obtained using the exact analytical expressions shows the accuracy and convergence of the proposed methodology.

关键词： Differential evolution Boundary value problems Partial differential equation Finite difference scheme Numerical computing

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Multi-Band Bandpass Filter Using Novel Topology for Next-Generation IoT Wireless Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 4819-4832页

作者： muhammad faisal Sohail Khalid Departmnet of Electrical Engineering Riphah International UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan

The design of single-and quad-band Bandpass Filter(BPF)topology has been presented in this paper for next-generation Internet of Things(IoT)devices.The main topology is constructed using the Split Ring Resonator(SRR),separated by the Anti-Parallel Coupled Line Structure(APCLS).A detailed analysis of APCLS has been presented,which is further used to construct the single-and quad-band BPF.The single-band BPF design consists of SRR loaded with APCLS.The developed single-band BPF displays a dual-mode response with a center frequency of 2.65 GHz and a measured fractional bandwidth of 17.17%.Moreover,a quad-band bandpass filter has been achieved using the same topology with minor modification in the SRR and APCLS electrical parameters.The developed quad-band BPF generates a dual-mode response having center frequencies of 1.2,2.4,3.5,and 4.7 GHz with the measured fractional bandwidth of 13%,26%,16%,and 5%,respectively.Two prototypes have been fabricated on the highfrequency substrate to validate the proposed topologies.Very high rejection in the stopbands region,little in-band insertion loss,and very selective passband have been measured for single-and quad-band BPFs.The measured and simulated results are well correlated.

关键词： Single-band BPF quad-band BPF anti-parallel coupled line structure split ring resonator internet of things

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Study on Marketing Strategy of Gloria Jean’s Coffee in Pakistan

Study on Marketing Strategy of Gloria Jean’s Coffee in Paki...

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作者： ATTA muhammad faisal 河南财经政法大学

学位级别：硕士

就咖啡而言,巴基斯坦的Gloria Jean’s是一个非常有名的品牌。巴基斯坦人是茶爱好者,但在Gloria Jean’s被引入巴基斯坦之后。它已成为许多人生活的一部分。Gloria Jean’s改变了巴基斯坦的咖啡潮流,当地人喜欢享受Gloria Jeans带来的... 详细信息

就咖啡而言,巴基斯坦的Gloria Jean’s是一个非常有名的品牌。巴基斯坦人是茶爱好者,但在Gloria Jean’s被引入巴基斯坦之后。它已成为许多人生活的一部分。Gloria Jean’s改变了巴基斯坦的咖啡潮流,当地人喜欢享受Gloria Jeans带来的不同风味和口味的咖啡。Gloria jean正在制定许多商业策略来使他们的业务取得成功。业务营销在拓展业务或营销能力低下时非常重要。营销策略在业务发展中起着至关重要的作用。Gloria Jean的咖啡是全球领先的咖啡连锁店之一。本文对Gloria Jean等咖啡连锁店的所有经营策略进行了分析。GJC改变了咖啡的游戏规则。Gloria Jean’s提供的所有口味都在其营销过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。Gloria jean的分店遍布巴基斯坦各大城市,从一开始就是一个国际品牌。人们喜欢去品牌竞争他们的需求,无论是衣服还是食物。这项研究将帮助其他企业在开展任何业务之前制定业务战略。尤其是咖啡品牌可以关注这项研究。大多数消费者每天都喝咖啡。天气寒冷的国家咖啡消费量很大。然而,巴基斯坦并非如此。Gloria Jean的营销策略在巴基斯坦并不达标,因为它只针对精英阶层社区;特别是在Covid-19大流行出现之后,该品牌面临着销售和业务增长的减少。因此,探索和分析Gloria Jean Coffee的营销策略至关重要。为了实现这些目标,本文采用混合方法研究,其中使用二手和主要数据进行本研究。主要数据是从生活在巴基斯坦大城市(包括拉合尔、伊斯兰堡和木尔坦)的咖啡消费者那里收集的。二手数据是从不同的报告中收集的,包括处理品牌营销策略的政府和私人文件。此外,以前的研究也被用来丰富讨论。在这项研究中,通过从在线资源收集数据、通过PEST和环境分析来使用混合方法,并讨论了来自Gloria Jean’s在巴基斯坦和世界其他地区的网络营销策略的所有其他信息和数据.本研究采用STP理论分析Gloria Jean’s Coffee的营销策略。细分、定位和定位市场有助于制定战略,使业务能够发展壮大。细分市场有助于专注于市场的每个部分。定位可以帮助定位客户的年龄、性别、偏好。定位可以帮助企业在最佳市场区域稳定其特许经营权。这导致了组织的进步和利润。在此之前,人们对健康和咖啡存在许多误解,这可能会导致人们混淆咖啡消费是否可以作为合理、调整饮食习惯的一部分而感到高兴。一些群体比其他群体更容易受到影响。这种波动的一部分是由于阻力,但有迹象表明它也可能具有遗传前提。另一个令人着迷的现实是,女性和男性对咖啡的反应各不相同,而这些区别可能会受到类固醇化学物质的变化的影响。详细阐述了针对该品牌的推荐营销策略。多样化的系统在他们的开发中被广泛使用。无论如何,随着咖啡业务的不断变化和市场漂移的不断变化,GJC应该重新审视并对其程序做出一些改变,以适应预期的市场。因此,巩固局势以获得严重优势至关重要。作为一家希望成功协调并在当地做出响应的公司,GJC高管可能会利用这些技术来加强他们的地位,包括重新考虑营销策略、调整广告、增加期望和提高消费者的意识。

关键词：混合方法(MM) Gloria jean的咖啡营销策略

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Application of Micronutrients in Rice-Wheat Cropping System of South Asia

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Rice science 2019年第6期26卷 356-371页

作者： faisal NADEEM muhammad FAROOQ Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan Department of Crop Science College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences Sultan Qaboos University Al-Khoudh 123 Oman

Rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS) is one of the most important cropping systems in South Asia. However, sustainability of this system is under threat owing to several factors, of which deficiency of micronutrients particularly zinc (Zn), boron (B) and manganese (Mn) is one of the major problems. Continuous rotation of rice and wheat, imbalanced fertilizer use and little/no use of micronutrient-enriched fertilizers induce deficiencies of Zn, B and Mn in the RWCS of South Asia. Here we review that (i) imbalanced fertilizer use and organic matter depletion deteriorate soil structure resulting in low efficiency of applied macro- and micro-nutrients in RWCS.(ii) The micronutrients (Zn, B and Mn) are essentially involved in metabolism of rice and wheat plants, including chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthesis, enzyme activation and membrane integrity.(iii) Availability and uptake of Zn, B and Mn from rhizosphere depend on the physico-chemical soil properties (which differ under aerobic and anaerobic conditions) including soil pH, soil organic matter, soil moisture and interaction of these micronutrients with other nutrients.(iv) Plant ability to uptake and utilize the nutrients is affected by several plant factors such as root architecture, root hairs, transport kinetics parameter and root exudates.(v) Crop management and application of these microelements can help correct the micronutrients deficiency and enhance their grain concentration.

关键词： micronutrient deficiency rice-wheat cropping system agronomic approach

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Application and comparison of kernel functions for linear parameter varying model approximation of nonlinear systems

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2023年第1期38卷 58-77页

作者： faisal Saleem Ahsan Ali Inam-ul-hassan Shaikh muhammad Wasim Department of Measurements and Control Systems Silesian University of TechnologyGliwicePoland Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxilaPakistan Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan

In this paper,a comparative study for kernel-PCA based linear parameter varying(LPV)model approximation of sufficiently nonlinear and reasonably practical systems is carried out.Linear matrix inequalities(LMIs)to be solved in LPV controller design process increase exponentially with the increase in a number of scheduling variables.Fifteen kernel functions are used to obtain the approximate LPV model of highly coupled nonlinear systems.An error to norm ratio of original and approximate LPV models is introduced as a measure of accuracy of the approximate LPV model.Simulation examples conclude the effectiveness of kernel-PCA for LPV model approximation as with the identification of accurate approximate LPV model,computation complexity involved in LPV controller design is decreased exponentially.

关键词： kernel-PCA LMIs LPV error to norm ratio computational complexity and control design

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Optimal Rotor Poles and Structure for Design of Consequent Pole Permanent Magnet Flux Switching Machine

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2021年第1期7卷 118-127页

作者： Wasiq Ullah faisal Khan muhammad Umair Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad(Abbottabad Campus)Abbottabad 22040Pakistan

Permanent magnet flux switching machines(PMFSM)have attracted significant research interest and are considered as competent candidates when higher torque density is primary requirement.However,conventional PMFSMs uses excessive rare earth PM volumes which ultimately increases machine the machine weight and PM cost.Moreover,the PMs extended at the stator yoke results in stator leakage flux which degrades the performance.To suppress the leakage flux and diminish the PM volume,the consequent pole PMFSM(CPPMFSM)with flux bridges and barriers encompassing partitioned circumferential and radial magnetized PMs is proposed,thereby ensuring an alternate magnetic path for the working harmonics which improves the modulation effect and flux distribution.Moreover,the influence of the rotor pole number on seven different rotor structures namely,curved rotor,trapezoidal rotor,wide rotor tooth tip,wide rotor base width,rectangular segmented and eccentric rotors are investigated based on the electromagnetic performance and stress distribution.Finite element analysis(FEA)reveals that the 12S-13P CPPMFSM with a wider rotor base offers comparatively better electromagnetic performance.Compare to the conventional PMFSM,the proposed CPPMFSM reduces the PM volume which minimizes the overall machine cost and weight,suppresses the torque ripples by 16.49%,diminishes total harmonic distortion(THD)by 35.24%and decreases cogging torque by 32.88%.Furthermore,the torque and power density are enhanced by 7.028%and 7.025%respectively.

关键词： AC Machine consequent pole flux bridge flux switching machine permanent magnet rotor pole number rotor structure stress analysis

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Metric Basis of Four-Dimensional Klein Bottle

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第9期136卷 3011-3024页

作者： Ali N.A.Koam Ali Ahmad Maryam Salem Alatawi muhammad Azeem muhammad faisal Nadeem Department of Mathematics College of SciencesNew CampusJazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia College of Computer Science&Information Technology Jazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of SciencesUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Riphah Institute of Computing and Applied SciencesRiphah International UniversityLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadLahore CampusLahorePakistan

The Metric of a graph plays an essential role in the arrangement of different dimensional structures and finding their basis in various terms.The metric dimension of a graph is the selection of the minimum possible number of vertices so that each vertex of the graph is distinctively defined by its vector of distances to the set of selected vertices.This set of selected vertices is known as the metric basis of a graph.In applied mathematics or computer science,the topic of metric basis is considered as locating number or locating set,and it has applications in robot navigation and finding a beacon set of a computer network.Due to the vast applications of this concept in computer science,optimization problems,and also in chemistry enormous research has been conducted.To extend this research to a four-dimensional structure,we studied the metric basis of the Klein bottle and proved that the Klein bottle has a constant metric dimension for the variation of all its parameters.Although the metric basis is variying in 3 and 4 values when the values of its parameter change,it remains constant and unchanged concerning its order or number of vertices.The methodology of determining the metric basis or locating set is based on the distances of a graph.Therefore,we proved the main theorems in distance forms.

关键词： Klein bottle metric basis resolving set metric dimension

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SDN Based DDos Mitigating Approach Using Traffic Entropy for IoT Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 5651-5665页

作者： muhammad Ibrahim muhammad Hanif Shabir Ahmad faisal Jamil Tayyaba Sehar YunJung Lee DoHyeun Kim Department of Computer Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju-siJeju Special Self-Governing Province63243Korea Virtual University Islamabad Pakistan Department of IT Convergence Engineering Gachon UniversitySujeong-GuSeongnam-SiGyeonggi-Do461-701Korea Department of Computer Science and Statistics Jeju National UniversityKorea

The Internet of Things(IoT)has been widely adopted in various domains including smart cities,healthcare,smart factories,etc.In the last few years,the fitness industry has been reshaped by the introduction of smart fitness solutions for individuals as well as fitness gyms.The IoT fitness devices collect trainee data that is being used for various decision-making.However,it will face numerous security and privacy issues towards its realization.This work focuses on IoT security,especially DoS/DDoS attacks.In this paper,we have proposed a novel blockchain-enabled protocol(BEP)that uses the notion of a self-exposing node(SEN)approach for securing fitness IoT applications.The blockchain and SDN architectures are employed to enhance IoT security by a highly preventive security monitoring,analysis and response system.The proposed approach helps in detecting the DoS/DDoS attacks on the IoT fitness system and then mitigating the attacks.The BEP is used for handling Blockchain-related activities and SEN could be a sensor or actuator node within the fitness IoT system.SEN provides information about the inbound and outbound traffic to the BEP which is used to analyze the DoS/DDoS attacks on the fitness IoT system.The SENcalculates the inbound and outbound traffic features’entropies and transmits them to the Blockchain in the form of transaction blocks.The BEP picks the whole mined blocks’transactions and transfers them to the SDN controller node.The controller node correlates the entropies data of SENs and decides about the DoS or DDoS attack.So,there are two decision points,one is SEN,and another is the controller.To evaluate the performance of our proposed system,several experiments are performed and results concerning the entropy values and attack detection rate are obtained.The proposed approach has outperformed the other two approaches concerning the attack detection rate by an increase of 11%and 18%against Approach 1 and Approach 2 respectively.

关键词： SDN control plane load balancing decision tree CPU utilization

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Toxic hexavalent chromium reduction by Bacillus pumilis,Cellulosimicrobium cellulans and Exiguobacterium

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2015年第3期33卷 585-589页

作者： Fatima REHMAN muhammad faisal Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics University of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam Campus

Three bacterial strains B acillus pumilis,Cellulosimicrobium cellulans and Exiguobacterium were investigated when grown in Luria-Bertani(LB) medium at 500 μg/m L Cr(VI). The hexavalent chromium reduction was measured by growing the strains in De Leo and Ehrlich(1994) medium at 200 and 400 μg/m L K 2 Cr O 4. The optimal Cr(VI) reduction by strains B. pumilis,Exigubacterium and C. cellulans was 51%,39%,and 41%,respectively,at an initial K2 Cr O 4 concentration of 200 μg/m L at p H 3 and temperature 37°C. At an initial chromate concentration of 400 μg/m L,the Cr(VI) reduction by strains B. pumilis,Exigubacterium and C. cellulans was 24%,19%,and 18%,respectively at p H 3 at 37°C after 24 h. These strains have ability to reduce toxic hexavalent chromium to the less mobile trivalent chromium at a wide range of different environmental conditions and can be useful for the treatment of contaminated wastewater and soils.

关键词：芽孢杆菌六价铬还原有毒铬(VI) 培养基盐浓度菌株

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Research on Control Techniques for An Electrolytic Capacitor Less IPMSM Drive

Research on Control Techniques for An Electrolytic Capacitor...

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作者： muhammad faisal Khan 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

如今,使用小型薄膜直流链路电容器代替大型电解电容器,以提高IPMSM驱动器中逆变器的可靠性和寿命。然而,由于直流链路电容器的容量显着降低,其中存储的能量很难使直流链路电压保持恒定。结果,通常直流链路电压随输入电网电压的两倍频率... 详细信息

如今,使用小型薄膜直流链路电容器代替大型电解电容器,以提高IPMSM驱动器中逆变器的可靠性和寿命。然而,由于直流链路电容器的容量显着降低,其中存储的能量很难使直流链路电压保持恒定。结果,通常直流链路电压随输入电网电压的两倍频率而波动。针对这个问题研究人员进行了广泛的研究来调节这些直流链路电压振荡,其中大多数拓扑为标准六开关三相逆变器,用于IPMSM的电力驱动。此外,在该标准逆变器中还没有考虑电动机速度瞬变和负载变化对DC链路电压振荡的影响,其中大多数输入电网控制与电动机控制耦合使得控制非常复杂。本文提出了一种由半控整流器供电的低成本四开关三相逆变器（FSTPI）的无电解电容控制方案,该方案不仅可以在恒速下调节直流环节电压振荡,还可以在速度瞬变和输入扭矩变化期间调节直流环节电压振荡。小薄膜电容器吸收的功率通过控制其中的存储能量来调节,其目的是使DC链路电压跟踪其参考值。通过仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性。观察到输入电网电流的谐波符合IEC 61000-3-2标准.

关键词：内置永磁同步电动机预测控制无电解电容逆变器 MTPA

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