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XRL-SHAP-Cache:an explainable reinforcement learning approach for intelligent edge service caching in content delivery networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 46-71页

作者： Xiaolong XU Fan WU muhammad bilal Xiaoyu XIA Wanchun DOU Lina YAO Weiyi ZHONG School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Computing and Communications Lancaster University School of Computing Technologies Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Data 61 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization School of Computer Science Qufu Normal University

Content delivery networks(CDNs) play a pivotal role in the modern internet infrastructure by enabling efficient content delivery across diverse geographical regions. As an essential component of CDNs, the edge caching scheme directly influences the user experience by determining the caching and eviction of content on edge servers. With the emergence of 5G technology, traditional caching schemes have faced challenges in adapting to increasingly complex and dynamic network environments. Consequently, deep reinforcement learning(DRL) offers a promising solution for intelligent zero-touch network governance. However, the blackbox nature of DRL models poses challenges in understanding and making trusting decisions. In this paper,we propose an explainable reinforcement learning(XRL)-based intelligent edge service caching approach,namely XRL-SHAP-Cache, which combines DRL with an explainable artificial intelligence(XAI) technique for cache management in CDNs. Instead of focusing solely on achieving performance gains, this study introduces a novel paradigm for providing interpretable caching strategies, thereby establishing a foundation for future transparent and trustworthy edge caching solutions. Specifically, a multi-level cache scheduling framework for CDNs was formulated theoretically, with the D3QN-based caching scheme serving as the targeted interpretable model. Subsequently, by integrating Deep-SHAP into our framework, the contribution of each state input feature to the agent's Q-value output was calculated, thereby providing valuable insights into the decision-making process. The proposed XRL-SHAP-Cache approach was evaluated through extensive experiments to demonstrate the behavior of the scheduling agent in the face of different environmental *** results demonstrate its strong explainability under various real-life scenarios while maintaining superior performance compared to traditional caching schemes in terms of cache hit ratio, quality of service(QoS),a

关键词： deep reinforcement learning (DRL) explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) multi-level cache content delivery network (CDN) D3QN algorithm Deep-SHAP

Current and further trajectories in designing functional materials for solid oxide electrochemical cells:A review of other reviews

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 302-331页

作者： Stanislav Baratov Elena Filonova Anastasiya Ivanova muhammad bilal Hanif Muneeb Irshad muhammad Zubair Khan Martin Motola Sajid Rauf Dmitry Medvedev Hydrogen Energy Laboratory Ural Federal University620002 EkaterinburgRussia Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University620002 EkaterinburgRussia Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University BratislavaIlkovicova 6Mlynska Dolina84215 BratislavaSlovakia State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina Department of Physics University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore 54890Pakistan Pak-Austria Fachhochschule:Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mang Haripur 22621Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518000GuangdongChina Laboratory of Electrochemical Devices Based on Solid Oxide Proton Electrolytes Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry620066 EkaterinburgRussia

Complex oxides are an important class of materials with enormous potential for electrochemical *** on their composition and structure,such complex oxides can exhibit either a single conductivity(oxygen-ionic or protonic,or n-type,or p-type electronic)or a combination thereof gener-ating distinct dual-conducting or even triple-conducting *** properties enable their use as diverse functional materials for solid oxide fuel cells,solid oxide electrolysis cells,permeable membranes,and gas *** literature review shows that the field of solid oxide materials and related electro-chemical cells has a significant level of research engagement,with over 8,000 publications published since *** manual analysis of such a large volume of material is ***,by examining the review articles,it is possible to identify key patterns,recent achievements,prospects,and remaining *** perform such an analysis,the present article provides,for the first time,a comprehensive summary of previous review publications that have been published since 2020,with a special focus on solid oxide materials and electrochemical ***,this study provides an important reference for researchers specializing in the fields of solid state ionics,high-temperature electrochemistry,and energyconversiontechnologies.

关键词： SOFCs SOECs PCFCS Electrochemistry Energy conversion Hydrogen energy,Carbon neutrality

From concept to commercialization:A review of tubular solid oxide fuel cell technology

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 79-109,I0003页

作者： Ruyan Chen Yuan Gao Jiutao Gao Huiyu Zhang Martin Motola muhammad bilal Hanif Cheng-Xin Li State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxChina Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University Bratislava84215 BratislavaSlovakia

The reduced sealing difficulty of tubular solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)makes the stacking of tubular cell groups relatively easy,and the thermal stress constraints during stack operation are smaller,which helps the stack to operate stably for a long *** special design of tubular SOFC structures can completely solve the problem of high-temperature sealing,especially in the design of multiple single-cell series integrated into one tube,where each cell tube is equivalent to a small electric stack,with unique characteristics of high voltage and low current output,which can significantly reduce the ohmic polarization loss of tubular *** paper provides an overview of typical tubular SOFC structural designs both domestically and *** on the geometric structure of tubular SOFCs,they can be divided into bamboo tubes,bamboo flat tubes,single-section tubes,and single-section flat tube ***,this article provides an overview of commonly used materials and preparation methods for tubular SOFCs,including commonly used materials and preparation methods for support and functional layers,as well as a comparison of commonly used preparation methods for microtubule SOFCs,It introduced the three most important parts of building a fuel cell stack:manifold,current collector,and ceramic adhesive,and also provided a detailed introduction to the power generation systems of different tubular SOFCs,Finally,the development prospects of tubular SOFCs were discussed.

关键词： Tubular solid oxide fuel cell Support material Geometric structure Preparation methods Stack

Melatonin mitigates cold-induced damage to pepper seedlings by promoting redox homeostasis and regulating antioxidant profiling

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 532-544页

作者： muhammad Ahsan altaf Yuanyuan Hao Huangying Shu Weiheng Jin Chuhao Chen Lin Li Yu Zhang muhammad Ali Mumtaz Huizhen Fu Shanhan Cheng Guopeng Zhu Zhiwei Wang Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province Sanya Nanfan Research InstituteHainan UniversitySanyaHainan 572025China Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province School of HorticultureHainan UniversityHaikouHainan 570228China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory SanyaHainan 572025China

This study assessed the influence of exogenous ME in the mitigation of cold damage in pepper seedlings. Melatonin(ME) is a dynamic molecule that helps plants cope with stress in several ways. Cold stress(CS) is one of the most important environmental factors that restrict plant growth and yield. Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) is a valuable commercial crop, highly sensitive to CS. Thus, identifying an efficient strategy to mitigate cold damage is critical for long-term pepper production. For this purpose, the roots of pepper seedlings were pretreated with ME(5 μmol · L^(-1)) and exposed to CS for 7 d. The results indicated that CS suppressed pepper growth, hampered photosynthetic capacity, and damaged root architecture in pepper plants. In contrast, the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS), malondialdehyde(MDA), electrolyte leakage(EL), proline, and soluble sugars were enhanced in plants under CS. ME(5 μmol · L^(-1)) pretreatment reduced the negative effects of CS by recovering plant growth, root traits, gas exchange elements, and pigment molecules compared to CS control treatment. Furthermore, ME application efficiently reduced oxidative stress markers [hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)), superoxide ion(O_(2)^(·-)), EL, and MDA] while increasing proline and soluble sugar content in pepper leaves. ME application combined with CS further increased antioxidant enzymes and related gene expression. Collectively, our results confirmed the mitigating potential of ME supplementation for CS by maintaining pepper seedling growth,improving the photosynthesis apparatus, regulating pigments, and osmolyte content.

关键词： Pepper Melatonin Cold stress Antioxidant enzyme Root trait

Recent progress in two-dimensional metallenes and their potential application as electrocatalyst

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 577-598页

作者： Umer Shahzad Mohsin Saeed muhammad Fazle Rabbee Hadi M.Marwani Jehan Y.Al-Humaidi muhammad altaf Raed H.Althomali Kwang-Hyun Baek Md.Rabiul Awual Mohammed M.Rahman Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanSouth Korea Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research(CEAMR) King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of SciencePrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.BOX 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry(PERCH-CIC)Center of Excellence in Materials Science and TechnologyFaculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Chemistry College of Art and SciencePrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityWadi Al-Dawasir 11991Saudi Arabia Western Australian School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityGPO Box U 1987PerthWA 6845Australia

In this article,we looked at metallenes,a novel class of two-dimensional(2D)metals that are attracting interest in the energy and catalysis *** is one area where their exceptional physicochemical and electrical characteristics might be *** are unique because they include several metal atoms that are not in a coordinated *** makes them more active and improves their atomic uti-lization,which in turn increases their catalytic *** article delves into the potential of two-dimensional metals as electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction,fuel oxidation,oxygen evolution,and oxygen reduction reactions in the context of sustainable energy *** to the exception-ally high surface-to-volume ratio,large surface area as well as their optimized atomic use efficiency,2D materials defined by atomic layers are crucial for surface-related sustainable energy *** to its exceptional properties,such as high conductivity and the ability to enhance the exposure of active metal sites,2D metallenes have recently attracted a lot of interest for use in catalysis,electronics,and energy-related *** their highly mobility,adjustable surface states,and electrical struc-tures that can be fine-tuned,2D metallenes are promising nanostructure materials for use in energy con-version with the sustainable applications.

关键词： Metallenes Electrocatalysts Electrochemical processes Atomically thin structure

Valorization of wheat bran arabinoxylan: A review on nutritional and materials perspectives

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第3期7卷 196-208页

作者： muhammad bilal Dandan Li Chong Xie Runqiang Yang Zhenxin Gu Dong Jiang Xueming Xu Pei Wang College of Food Science and Technology Whole Grain Food Engineering Research CenterNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University Sanya 572024HainanChina National Technique Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecologyand ManagementMinistry of Agriculture/National Engineering and Technology Center for Information AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122JiangsuChina

Wheat bran, a principal byproduct of flour milling, stands as an abundant source of dietary fiber, yet its economic potential remains under-exploited in current forage applications. Arabinoxylan(AX), constituting the core of dietary fiber, emerges as a versatile compound with multifaceted functionalities. Its nutritional significance,coupled with its role in cereal food processing, has prompted a surge of studies focusing on the valorization of wheat bran AX. Moreover, the hydrolyzed derivative, arabinoxylan oligosaccharides(AXOS), demonstrates prebiotic and antioxidant properties, offering potential avenues to mitigate the risk of chronic diseases. This review summarizes current knowledge on the valorization of wheat bran AX in terms of the processing and nutritional properties of AX. Moreover, multiple novel applications of AX in the materials area, including biodegradable food packaging films, delivery of bioactive substances as nanoparticles, and the manufacture of food emulsifiers, are also highlighted to extend the utilization of AX. This review underscores the immense potential of wheat bran AX, advocating for its exploitation not only as a nutritional asset but also as a primary ingredient in advanced materials. The synthesis of nutritional and materials perspectives accentuates the multifaceted utility of wheat bran AX, thereby paving the way for sustainable valorization pathways. By unraveling the latent potential within AX, this paper advocates for the holistic and sustainable utilization of wheat bran in diverse, value-added applications.

关键词： Wheat bran Arabinoxylan Nutrition Biodegradable films Nanoparticles Food emulsifiers

Probing the Efficiency of PPMG-Based Composite Electrolytes for Applications of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第3期30卷 262-283页

作者： Shakeel Ahmed Faizah altaf Safyan Akram Khan Sumaira Manzoor Aziz Ahmad muhammad Mansha Shahid Ali Ata-ur-Rehman Karl Jacob School of Material Science and Engineering Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nano-Photoelectric Magnetic MaterialsHenan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals31261 DhahranSaudi Arabia School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

PPMG-based composite electrolytes were fabricated via the solution method using the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone blend reinforced with various contents of sulfonated inorganic *** acid was employed as the sulfonating agent to functionalize the external surface of the inorganic filler,i.e.,graphene *** proton conductivities of the newly prepared proton exchange membranes(PEMs)were increased by increasing the temperature and content of sulfonated graphene oxide(SGO),i.e.,ranging from 0.025 S/cm to 0.060 S/*** induction of the optimum level of SGO is determined to be an excellent route to enhance ionic *** single-cell performance test was conducted by sandwiching the newly prepared PEMs between an anode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt/Ru)and a cathode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt)to prepare membrane electrode assemblies,followed by hot pressing under a pressure of approximately 100 kg/cm^(2) at 60℃for 5–10 *** highest power densities achieved with PPMG PEMs were 14.9 and 35.60 mW/cm^(2) at 25℃and 70℃,respectively,at ambient pressure with 100%relative *** showed that the newly prepared PEMs exhibit good electrochemical *** results indicated that the prepared composite membrane with 6 wt%filler can be used as an alternative membrane for applications of high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Sulfonated graphene oxide Polyvinylpyrrolidone Solution casting Membrane electrode assembly Fuel cell performance

Clathrin heavy chain is involved in infection of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus in the host vector Diaphorina citri

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1326-1332页

作者： Lianjie Xie Xiangdong Zeng muhammad bilal Amir Xiaojin Zou Jingfu Yuan Haizhong Yu Zhanjun Lu Wei Chen National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center School of Life SciencesGannan Normal UniversityGanzhouJiangxi ProvinceChina South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina Agriculture and Rural Affairs Office of Datangbu Town GanzhouJiangxi ProvinceChina

DearEditor,Citrus huanglongbing(HLB)has emerged as a global issue,with confirmed cases in 51 out of 140 countries known for citrus production(Wang,2019).The primary pathogen believed to cause HLB is Candidatus Liberib... 详细信息

关键词： fir Candidatus citrus

Highly Active Interfacial Sites in SFT-SnO_(2) Heterojunction Electrolyte for Enhanced Fuel Cell Performance via Engineered Energy Bands:Envisioned Theoretically and Experimentally

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 384-397页

作者： Sajid Rauf muhammad bilal Hanif Faiz Wali Zuhra Tayyab Bin Zhu Naveed Mushtaq Yatao Yang Kashif Khan Peter D.Lund Martin Motola Wei Xu College of Electronic and Information Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Radio frequency Heterogeneous Integration Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518000China Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University in BratislavaIlkovicova 684215BratislavaSlovakia College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Energy and Environment Southeast UniversityNo.2 Si Pai LouNanjing 210096China School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China New Energy Technologies Group Department of Applied PhysicsAalto University School of ScienceP.O.Box 15100Fl-00076AaltoEspoo Finland

Extending the ionic conductivity is the pre-requisite of electrolytes in fuel cell technology for high-electrochemical *** this regard,the introduction of semiconductor-oxide materials and the approach of heterostructure formation by modulating energy bands to enhance ionic conduction acting as an electrolyte in fuel ***(n-type;SnO_(2))plays a key role by introducing into p-type SrFe_(0.2)Ti_(0.8)O_(3-δ)(SFT)semiconductor perovskite materials to construct p-n heterojunction for high ionic ***,two different composites of SFT and SnO_(2)are constructed by gluing p-and n-type SFT-SnO_(2),where the optimal composition of SFT-SnO_(2)(6∶4)heterostructure electrolyte-based fuel cell achieved excellent ionic conductivity 0.24 S cm^(-1)with power-output of 1004 mW cm^(-2)and high OCV 1.12 V at a low operational temperature of 500℃.The high power-output and significant ionic conductivity with durable operation of 54 h are accredited to SFT-SnO_(2)heterojunction formation including interfacial conduction assisted by a built-in electric field in fuel cell ***,the fuel conversion efficiency and considerable Faradaic efficiency reveal the compatibility of SFT-SnO_(2)heterostructure electrolyte and ruled-out short-circuiting ***,the first principle calculation provides sufficient information on structure optimization and energy-band structure modulation of SFT-SnO_(2).This strategy will provide new insight into semiconductor-based fuel cell technology to design novel electrolytes.

关键词： high ionic conductivity interfacial conduction modulated energy band structure p-n heterojunction semiconductors