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Landfill Sites Identification Using GIS and Multi-Criteria Method: A Case Study of Intermediate City of Punjab, Pakistan

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2016年第1期8卷 40-49页

作者： Adeel Ahmad Umar Javaid muhammad asif javed Sajid Rashid Ahmad muhammad Abbas Jaffri Mudassar Ashfaq College of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan MM Pakistan (Pvt.) Limited Lahore Pakistan Ministry of Rural Affairs Al-Dulemia Saudi Arabia

Escalation in population over time triggered the abrupt exploitation of natural resources for human survival trough industrialization that ultimately caused splendid increase in the waste generation. This industrial development resulted in the migration of rural community toward urban areas. Management of urban waste is a great challenge for the urban administration. However, technologies have been developed to manage the waste in environmental friendly and sustainable manner. Sanitary landfill sites are one of the latest methods of disposing the municipal solid waste in an environment friendly and sustainable manner. Government and administrative authorities are adopting this technology for the management of urban solid waste. Present study is about identifying landfill sites for the Sahiwal city with an area of 1160 square kilometer and projected population of 1.57 million persons in 2016. Geographical Information System (GIS) is used for the identification of appropriate landfill site (LFS) that can fulfill the need of city in future and is selected based on the sustainable and eco-friendly criteria. The criteria are developed keeping in view the proximity from several land-use features i.e. water bodies, roads, settlements, agricultural land, bare land and existing disposal sites. The weights of the criteria are quantified using pair-wise comparison method in Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The weights are incorporated in GIS spatial data environment and are assigned to proximity threshold of each criterion. Ultimately a map for each criterion is developed highlighting suitable, least suitable, less suitable and un-suitable areas with respect to each specific criterion. These maps are spatially overlaid which result in a final map that identifies most suitable landfill sites for solid waste disposal. The five identified sites are then prioritized based on their distances from the city center and area available. All identified sites are on the bare land and con

关键词： Urbanization Urban Waste Landfill Site (LFS) GIS Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

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Structural,dielectric and magnetic properties of terbium doped strontium spinel ferrite（SrFe2O4） synthesized by sol-gel method

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第2期43卷 337-344页

作者： Rifat Shaheen Hafeez Ullah M.M.Moharam Ahmad M.Saeedi Ebraheem Abdu Musad Saleh muhammad Ijaz Adel A.El-Zahhar Gamil A.A.M.Al-Hazmi Sana Ullah asif Hafiz muhammad Tahir Institute of Physics Gomal University Department of Chemistry College of Arts and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Chemical and Electrochemical Processing Department Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI) Department of Physics Faculty of Applied ScienceUmm AL-Qura University Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Khalid University School of Materials and Energy Yunnan University Department of Physics Govt. Graduate College Taunsa

In this research work,sol-gel technique was employed to prepare the strontium based spinel ferrite nanoparticles（SrFe2O4） with different ratios of terbium（Tb）.Different characterization techniques were used to investigate the structural,morphological,dielectric and magnetic properties of the prepared samples.X-ray diffraction（XRD） result suggests that face-centered cube spinel nanocrystalline structure is *** size of the SrFe2O4decreases with rising of Tb *** morphology,shape and size of the SrFe2O4were examined by scanning electron microscopy（SEM） analysis and results reveal inhomogeneous distributions of the nanostructures with high *** electrical resistivity of the SrFe2O4increases with rising of Tb ratio,which is confirmed from the cyclic *** is observed that dielectric constant of all the samples decreases with the increasing frequency *** is determined that the dielectric constants of the spinel ferrites are frequency dependent and decrease with increasing the frequency of applied electric *** magnetic behavior of SrFe2O4with different ratios of Tb was studied and it is found that the saturation magnetization values of samples decrease with increase in the substitution of Tb3+at octahedral sites for Fe3+.This decrease in the values of Msis also attributed to spin at surface of nanoparticles.

关键词： Dielectric properties Magnetic properties Rare earths Sol-gel Spinel ferrites Structural properties

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YOLOCSP-PEST for Crops Pest Localization and Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2373-2388页

作者： Farooq Ali Huma Qayyum Kashif Saleem Iftikhar Ahmad muhammad javed Iqbal Department of Software Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47050Pakistan Department of Computer Science&Engineering College of Applied Studies&Community ServiceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11362Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47050Pakistan

Preservation of the crops depends on early and accurate detection of pests on crops as they cause several diseases decreasing crop production and quality. Several deep-learning techniques have been applied to overcome the issue of pest detection on crops. We have developed the YOLOCSP-PEST model for Pest localization and classification. With the Cross Stage Partial Network (CSPNET) backbone, the proposed model is a modified version of You Only Look Once Version 7 (YOLOv7) that is intended primarily for pest localization and classification. Our proposed model gives exceptionally good results under conditions that are very challenging for any other comparable models especially conditions where we have issues with the luminance and the orientation of the images. It helps farmers working out on their crops in distant areas to determine any infestation quickly and accurately on their crops which helps in the quality and quantity of the production yield. The model has been trained and tested on 2 datasets namely the IP102 data set and a local crop data set on both of which it has shown exceptional results. It gave us a mean average precision (mAP) of 88.40% along with a precision of 85.55% and a recall of 84.25% on the IP102 dataset meanwhile giving a mAP of 97.18% on the local data set along with a recall of 94.88% and a precision of 97.50%. These findings demonstrate that the proposed model is very effective in detecting real-life scenarios and can help in the production of crops improving the yield quality and quantity at the same time.

关键词： Deep learning classification of pests YOLOCSP-PEST pest detection

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Reliable Task Offloading for 6G-Based IoT Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2255-2274页

作者： Usman Mahmood Malik muhammad Awais javed Ahmad Naseem Alvi Mohammed Alkhathami Department of Computer Software Engineering National University of Science and Technology(NUST)Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad45550Pakistan Information Systems Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia

Fog computing is a key enabling technology of 6G systems as it provides quick and reliable computing,and data storage services which are required for several 6G *** Intelligence(AI)algorithms will be an integral part of 6G systems and efficient task offloading techniques using fog computing will improve their performance and *** this paper,the focus is on the scenario of Partial Offloading of a Task to Multiple Helpers(POMH)in which larger tasks are divided into smaller subtasks and processed in parallel,hence expediting task ***,using POMH presents challenges such as breaking tasks into subtasks and scaling these subtasks based on many interdependent factors to ensure that all subtasks of a task finish simultaneously,preventing resource ***,applying matching theory to POMH scenarios results in dynamic preference profiles of helping devices due to changing subtask sizes,resulting in a difficult-to-solve,externalities *** paper introduces a novel many-to-one matching-based algorithm,designed to address the externalities problem and optimize resource allocation within POMH ***,we propose a new time-efficient preference profiling technique that further enhances time optimization in POMH *** performance of the proposed technique is thoroughly evaluated in comparison to alternate baseline schemes,revealing many advantages of the proposed *** simulation findings indisputably show that the proposed matching-based offloading technique outperforms existing methodologies in the literature,yielding a remarkable 52 reduction in task latency,particularly under high workloads.

关键词： 6G IoT task offloading fog computing

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Regression analysis of squeezing-induced hybrid nanofluid flow in Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 193-208页

作者： K.muhammad M.SARFRAZ Department of Humanities and Sciences School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National University of Sciences and Technology Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University

This article presents a mathematical model addressing a scenario involving a hybrid nanofluid flow between two infinite parallel plates. One plate remains stationary, while the other moves downward at a squeezing velocity. The space between these plates contains a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium. A mixture of water-based fluid with gold(Au) and silicon dioxide(Si O2) nanoparticles is formulated. In contrast to the conventional Fourier's heat flux equation, this study employs the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux equation. A uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the flow direction, invoking magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) effects. Further, the model accounts for Joule heating, which is the heat generated when an electric current passes through the fluid. The problem is solved via NDSolve in MATHEMATICA. Numerical and statistical analyses are conducted to provide insights into the behavior of the nanomaterials between the parallel plates with respect to the flow, energy transport, and skin *** findings of this study have potential applications in enhancing cooling systems and optimizing thermal management strategies. It is observed that the squeezing motion generates additional pressure gradients within the fluid, which enhances the flow rate but reduces the frictional drag. Consequently, the fluid is pushed more vigorously between the plates, increasing the flow velocity. As the fluid experiences higher flow rates due to the increased squeezing effect, it spends less time in the region between the plates. The thermal relaxation, however, abruptly changes the temperature, leading to a decrease in the temperature fluctuations.

关键词： convective boundary condition Darcy-Forchheimer medium hybrid nanofluid Joule heating magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) numerical solution O175.2 O361 regression analysis squeezing flow

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Modification of polypropylene separator with multifunctional layers to achieve highly stable sodium metal anode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 223-232页

作者： Aadil Nabi Chishti Sikandar Iqbal muhammad Ali Moazzam Ali Samia Aman Hamid Hussain muhammad Yousaf Yinzhu Jiang Future Science Research Institute ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University School of Chemistry Zhejiang University

Separator modification is an effective approach to suppress dendrite growth to realize high-energy sodium metal batteries（SMBs） in practical applications,however,its success is mainly subject to surface ***,a separator with multifunctional layers composed of N-doped mesoporous hollow carbon spheres（HCS） as the inner layer and sodium fluoride（NaF） as the outer layer on commercial polypropylene separator（PP） is proposed（PP@HCS-NaF） to achieve stable cycling in *** the molecular level,the inner HCS layer with a high content of pyrrolic-N induces the uniform Na+flux as a potential Na+redistributor for homogenous deposition,whereas its hollow mesoporous structure offers nanoporous buffers and ion channels to regulate Na+ion distribution and uniform *** outer layer（NaF） constructs the NaF-enriched robust solid electrolyte interphase layer,significantly lowering the Na+ions diffusion *** from these merits,higher electrochemical performances are achieved with multifunctional double-layered PP@HCS-NaF separators compared with single-layered separators（***@HCS or PP@NaF） in *** Na‖Cu half-cell with PP@HCS-NaF offers stable cycling（280 cycles）with a high CE（99.6%）,and Na‖Na symmetric cells demonstrate extended lifespans for over 6000 h at 1 mA cm-2with a progressively stable overpotential of 9 ***,in Na‖NVP full-cells,the PP@HCS-NaF separator grants a stable capacity of ～81 mA h g-1after 3500 cycles at 1 C and an impressive rate capability performance(～70 mA h g-1at 15 C).

关键词： Enhanced cyclic stability Multifunctional layers NaF-enriched SEI layer Separator modification Sodium metal batteries

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Improving the Position Accuracy and Computational Efficiency of UAV Terrain Aided Navigation Using a Two-Stage Hybrid Fuzzy Particle Filtering Method

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1193-1210页

作者： Sofia Yousuf muhammad Bilal Kadri College of Engineering Karachi Institute of Economics&TechnologyKarachi75190Pakistan College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia

Terrain Aided Navigation(TAN)technology has become increasingly important due to its effectiveness in environments where Global Positioning System(GPS)is *** recent years,TAN systems have been extensively researched for both aerial and underwater navigation ***,many TAN systems that rely on recursive Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)position estimation methods,such as Extended Kalman Filters(EKF),often face challenges with divergence and instability,particularly in highly non-linear *** address these issues,this paper proposes and investigates a hybrid two-stage TAN positioning system for UAVs that utilizes Particle *** enhance the system’s robustness against uncertainties caused by noise and to estimate additional system states,a Fuzzy Particle Filter(FPF)is employed in the first *** approach introduces a novel terrain composite feature that enables a fuzzy expert system to analyze terrain non-linearities and dynamically adjust the number of particles in *** design allows the UAV to be efficiently localized in GPS-denied environments while also reducing the computational complexity of the particle filter in real-time *** the second stage,an Error State Kalman Filter(ESKF)is implemented to estimate the UAV’s *** ESKF is chosen over the conventional EKF method because it is more suitable for non-linear *** results demonstrate that the proposed fuzzy-based terrain composite method achieves high positional accuracy while reducing computational time and memory usage.

关键词： Sensor fusion fuzzy logic particle filter composite feature terrain aided navigation

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Oversampling-Enhanced Feature Fusion-Based Hybrid ViT-1DCNN Model for Ransomware Cyber Attack Detection

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第2期142卷 1667-1695页

作者： muhammad Armghan Latif Zohaib Mushtaq Saifur Rahman Saad Arif Salim Nasar Faraj Mursal muhammad Irfan Haris Aziz Department of Computer and Information System Cleveland State UniversityOhio44115USA Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer SystemsCollege of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Faisal UniversityAl Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Industrial and Energy System EngineeringUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan

Ransomware attacks pose a significant threat to critical infrastructures,demanding robust detection *** study introduces a hybrid model that combines vision transformer(ViT)and one-dimensional convolutional neural network(1DCNN)architectures to enhance ransomware detection *** common challenges in ransomware detection,particularly dataset class imbalance,the synthetic minority oversampling technique(SMOTE)is employed to generate synthetic samples for minority class,thereby improving detection *** integration of ViT and 1DCNN through feature fusion enables the model to capture both global contextual and local sequential features,resulting in comprehensive ransomware *** on the UNSW-NB15 dataset,the proposed ViT-1DCNN model achieved 98%detection accuracy with precision,recall,and F1-score metrics surpassing conventional *** approach not only reduces false positives and negatives but also offers scalability and robustness for real-world cybersecurity *** results demonstrate the model’s potential as an effective tool for proactive ransomware detection,especially in environments where evolving threats require adaptable and high-accuracy solutions.

关键词： Ransomware attacks cybersecurity vision transformer convolutional neural network feature fusion encryption threat detection

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Single-cell and spatial omics:exploring hypothalamic heterogeneity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1525-1540页

作者： muhammad Junaid Eun Jeong Lee Su Bin Lim Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Graduate School of Ajou UniversitySuwonSouth Korea Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea

Elucidating the complex dynamic cellular organization in the hypothalamus is critical for understanding its role in coordinating fundamental body functions. Over the past decade, single-cell and spatial omics technologies have significantly evolved, overcoming initial technical challenges in capturing and analyzing individual cells. These high-throughput omics technologies now offer a remarkable opportunity to comprehend the complex spatiotemporal patterns of transcriptional diversity and cell-type characteristics across the entire hypothalamus. Current single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing methods comprehensively quantify gene expression by exploring distinct phenotypes across various subregions of the hypothalamus. However, single-cell/single-nucleus RNA sequencing requires isolating the cell/nuclei from the tissue, potentially resulting in the loss of spatial information concerning neuronal networks. Spatial transcriptomics methods, by bypassing the cell dissociation, can elucidate the intricate spatial organization of neural networks through their imaging and sequencing technologies. In this review, we highlight the applicative value of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in exploring the complex molecular-genetic diversity of hypothalamic cell types, driven by recent high-throughput achievements.

关键词： cellular diversity hypothalamus multi-omics single-cell transcriptomics spatial transcriptomics

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Classification and progress of extraction technologies for nonferrous metal resources

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 458-474页

作者： Fangqin Cheng Na Zhou Nazeer muhammad Nouman Li Cui Caixia Yin Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Coal Waste ResourcesShanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Institute of Molecular ScienceShanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

In recent years,the demand for strategic metal resources,essential for scientific and technological progress and industrial development,has *** a stable supply of these metals is critical to national security and the well-being of the *** global industrialization accelerates,the daily demand for nonferrous metals continues to ***,extracting and recovering strategic metals from low-grade raw materials,such as solid waste,has become crucial for maintaining their supply and economic ***,the extraction process is fraught with challenges,including mineral phase stability and complex *** review focuses on key strategic metals such as lithium,aluminum,gallium,and *** introduces and examines various methods for extracting nonferrous metals from different raw materials,including traditional mining technologies applied to low-grade solid *** also outlines future development opportunities and challenges in this field.

关键词： nonferrous metal extraction classification and progress

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