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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2014年第12期33卷 1749-1756页

作者： muhammad Naeem Ahmed IFZAN arshad WANG Bo SHAHID Hameed BILAL Ahmad Khan KHAWAJA Ansar Yasin muhammad Moazzam Naseer Department of Chemistry The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad 13100 Pakistan Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University

One-pot three component reaction was used to synthesize 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazole(A) from the corresponding acid chloride, benzyl azide and 1-copper(I) phenylethyne. The molecular structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca, a = 14.9815(14), b = 9.6496(10), c = 25.528(2) A, Z = 8. Furthermore, crystal packing demonstrated a molecular wall-like structure based on supramolecular chains of A, stabilized by CH···O, CH···Br, N···C and CH···π interactions. Molecular geometry in the ground state has been determined by density functional theory(DFT) by B3LYP/6-311G* basis set and compared with the experimental data. The computed vibrational frequencies are compared with the experimental FT-IR data and frontier molecular orbital analyses were performed at the same level of theory. Theoretical parameters are in good agreement with the corresponding X-ray diffraction values.

关键词： synthesis 1,2,3-triazole crystal structure molecular packing optimization

COVID-19 and comorbidities of hepatic diseases in a global perspective

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第13期27卷 1296-1310页

作者： Aqsa Ahmad Syeda Momna Ishtiaq Junaid Ali Khan Rizwan Aslam Sultan Ali muhammad Imran arshad Institute of Microbiology University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38040PunjabPakistan Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38040PunjabPakistan

The worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has challenged the priorities of healthcare system in terms of different clinical management and infection transmission, particularly those related to hepatic-disease comorbidities. Epidemiological data evidenced that COVID-19 patients with altered liver function because of hepatitis infection and cholestasis have an adverse prognosis and experience worse health outcomes. COVID-19-associated liver injury is correlated with various liver diseases following a severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus type 2(SARS-CoV-2) infection that can progress during the treatment of COVID-19 patients with or without pre-existing liver disease. SARS-CoV-2 can induce liver injury in a number of ways including direct cytopathic effect of the virus on cholangiocytes/hepatocytes, immune-mediated damage, hypoxia, and sepsis. Indeed, immediate cytopathogenic effects of SARSCoV-2 via its potential target, the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor, which is highly expressed in hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, renders the liver as an extra-respiratory organ with increased susceptibility to pathological outcomes. But, underlying COVID-19-linked liver disease pathogenesis with abnormal liver function tests(LFTs) is incompletely understood. Hence, we collated COVID-19-associated liver injuries with increased LFTs at the nexus of pre-existing liver diseases and COVID-19, and defining a plausible pathophysiological triad of COVID-19, hepatocellular damage, and liver disease. This review summarizes recent findings of the exacerbating role of COVID-19 in pre-existing liver disease and vice versa as well as international guidelines of clinical care, management, and treatment recommendations for COVID-19 patients with liver disease.

关键词： Liver disease COVID-19 Pathophysiology Epidemiology Prophylaxis

Vibration characteristics of FGM circular cylindrical shells filled with fluid using wave propagation approach

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2009年第11期30卷 1393-1404页

作者： Zafar Iqbal muhammad Nawaz Naeem Nazra Sultana Shahid Hussain arshad Abdul Ghafar Shah Department of Mathematics University of Sargodha Department of Mathematics G. C. University Faisalabad Department of Mathematics University of Sargodha Department of Mathematics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

The vibration characteristics of a functionally graded material circular cylindrical shell filled with fluid are examined with a wave propagation approach. The shell is filled with an incompressible non-viscous fluid. Axial modal dependence is approximated by exponential functions. A theoretical study of shell vibration frequencies is analyzed for simply supported-simply supported, clamped-simply supported, and clamped-clamped boundary conditions with the fluid effect. The validity and the accuracy of the present method are confirmed by comparing the present results with those available in the literature. Good agreement is observed between the two sets of results.

关键词： functionally graded material Love＇s shell theory cylindrical shell volumefraction law natural frequency wave propagation

Functional composition of tall-statured trees underpins aboveground biomass in tropical forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第2期34卷 333-344页

作者： Suwash Kunwar Li-Qiu Wang Maryam Kazempour Larsary Rajeev Chaudhary Puspa Raj Joshi arshad Ali Department of Forest Resources Management College of ForestryNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Forest Ecology Research Group College of Life SciencesHebei UniversityBaoding 071002HebeiPeople’s Republic of China Division Forest Offi ce DadeldhuraMinistry of ForestDhangadhiSudurpashchim ProvinceNepal Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Guilan43619-96196 SomehsaraIran Division Forest Offi ce PahalmanpurMinistry of ForestDhangadhiSudurpashchim ProvinceNepal Institute of Forestry Tribhuvan UniversityHetauda CampusHetauda 44107Nepal

The influences of trait diversity(i.e.,the niche complementarity effect)and functional composition(i.e.,the mass ratio effect)on aboveground biomass(AGB)is a highly debated topic in forest ecology.Therefore,further studies are needed to explore these mechanisms in unstudied forest ecosystems to enhance our understanding,and to provide guidelines for specific forest management.Here,we hypothesized that functional composition would drive AGB better than trait diversity and stem size inequality in the(sub-)tropical forests of Nepal.Using data from 101 forest plots,we tested 25 structural equation models(SEMs)to link elevation,stem DBH inequality,trait diversity(i.e.,trait richness,evenness,dispersion and divergence),functional composition[i.e.,community-weighted of maximum height mean(CWM of Hmax),specific leaf area(CWM of SLA),leaf dry matter content(CWM of LDMC),and wood density(CWM of WD)]and AGB.The best-fitted SEMs indicated that CWM of Hmax promoted AGB while overruling the impacts of trait diversity indices on AGB.However,low trait diversity indices were linked with higher AGB while overruling the effects of CWM of SLA,LDMC and WD on AGB.In addition,AGB decreased with increasing elevation,whereas stem size inequality did not influence AGB.Our results suggest that divergent species’functional strategies could shape AGB along an altitudinal gradient in tropical forests.We argue that forest management practices should include plant functional traits in the management plan for the co-benefits of biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration that underpins human wellbeing.

关键词： Functional traits Mass ratio Niche complementarity Niche overlap Topography

Effect of regional factor productivity on manufacturing sector: The case of Sino-Pak economic ties

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Financial Innovation 2020年第1期6卷 95-108页

作者： muhammad Imran An HuSen muhammad Kaleem arshad Khan Bangash Nizam Ud Din Sobia Department of Economics Bacha Khan UniversityCharsaddaPakistan School of Economics Nankai UniversitTianjinChina Department of Sociology and Gender Studies Bacha Khan UniversityCharsaddaPakistan Department of Business Administration Karakoram International UniversityGilgitPakistan Government Postgraduate Jahanzeb College SwatPakistan

Introduction:Economic ties and trade blocs increase the flow of trade between participating countries and lead to different levels of economic and structural changes.Case description:This paper focuses on the structure of industrial value-added between China and Pakistan,as the two countries recently launched the CPEC(China-Pakistan Economic Corridor)project.Discussion and evaluation:This study utilizes panel data from 1995 to 2015 to test certain factor effects on regional value-added through econometric analyses.The results show that each country has its own economic growth rate and market size that respond differently to industrial value-added production.Conclusion:Aggregate factor productivity at China is higher than in Pakistan but growth in factor productivity in the latter is higher than the former;similarly,the share of bilateral trade is higher in the case of Pakistan.Although each country responds differently to the new economic ties,the macroeconomic results support bilateral economic ties between them.

关键词： New economic geography China-Pakistan economic-ties Factor productivities

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antimicrobial Activity of Ethyl 2-(1-cyclohexyl-4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-2-oxoacetate

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2014年第11期33卷 1666-1672页

作者： muhammad Naeem Ahmed SHAHID Hameed KHAWAJA Ansar Yasin IFZAN arshad IHSAN-ul-Haq SAFEENA Zafar muhammad Nawaz Tahir Department of Chemistry The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Biological SciencesQuaid-i-Azam University University of Sargodha Department of Physics

A novel 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazole（C18H21N3O3） was synthesized by a one-pot three component reaction of 1-azidocyclohexane, 1-copper（I） phenylethyne and ethoxalyl chloride at room temperature. The molecular structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 12.8167（9）, b = 8.0966（6）, c = 16.7079（9） A, β = 98.716（2）°, Z = 4 and V = 1713.8（2）. In the crystal, the molecules are related by inversion and paired into dimers via C–H…O and C–O…C interactions involving（oxo） acetate groups. Furthermore, X-ray analysis results are compared with the optimized structure computed by using B3 LYP method with 6-311 G basis set. The calculated results showed that optimized geometry can well reproduce the crystal structure parameters. The bioassay results indicate that the compound has good antibacterial and antifungal activities.

关键词： click chemistry,triazole,cyclohexyl,oxoacetate,XRD,antimicrobial

Crystal Structure Analysis of 1-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-9H-xanthen-9-one Isolated from Ajuga bracteosa Root Extract and Its Biological Studies

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2019年第9期38卷 1519-1529页

作者： AKHTER Kulsoom AHMED Muhammed Naeem GHOUS Tahseen RASHEED Basharat TAHIR muhammad Nawaz arshad Ifzan Department of Chemistry The University of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan Department of Chemistry Mirpur University of Science and Technology(MUST)Mirpur-10250Azad Jammu and KashmirPakistan Department of Physics University of SargodhaSargodhaPakistan Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan

The structure of 1-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-9 H-xanthen-9-one isolated from chloroform extract of Ajuga bracteosa root was analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl), ABTS(2,2?-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activities(RSA) and Fe2+ chelating activities were carried out to determine the antioxidant potential of the compound. RSA values for the compound were 96%, 96% and 96% for all the three activities respectively at maximum concentration of the compound(100 μ gmL-1) with the IC50 values of 3.40, 4.86 and 0.10(μ gmL-1). Antidiabetic activities including antiglycation and α-glucosidase inhibition were also performed where the antiglycation activity was performed using two techniques including spectrofluorometric as well as spectrophotometric technique. Spectrofluorometric technique provided 97% antiglycation potential while 92% antiglycation potential was observed by spectrophotometric technique for the isolated compound. The compound at a concentration of 10 μ gmL-1 exhibited 31% α-glucosidase inhibitory potential with IC50 of 15.56 μ gmL-1. Antimicrobial activity data showed that the compound was active against all the studied pathogenic bacteria.

关键词： crystal structure radical scavenging activity antidiabetic activity C–H···π interactions

Highly Reversible Zn Metal Anodes Enabled by Increased Nucleation Overpotential

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第10期15卷 197-209页

作者： Zhengqiang Hu Fengling Zhang Anbin Zhou Xin Hu Qiaoyi Yan Yuhao Liu Faiza arshad Zhujie Li Renjie Chen Feng Wu Li Li Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering School of Materials Science&EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing 100081People’s Republic of China Advanced Technology Research Institute Beijing Institute of TechnologyJinan 250300People’s Republic of China

Dendrite formation severely compromises further development of zinc ion batteries. Increasing the nucleation overpotential plays a crucial role in achieving uniform deposition of metal ions. However, this strategy has not yet attracted enough attention from researchers to our knowledge. Here, we propose that thermodynamic nucleation overpotential of Zn deposition can be boosted through complexing agent and select sodium L-tartrate(Na-L) as example. Theoretical and experimental characterization reveals L-tartrate anion can partially replace H_(2)O in the solvation sheath of Zn^(2+), increasing de-solvation energy. Concurrently, the Na^(+) could absorb on the surface of Zn anode preferentially to inhibit the deposition of Zn^(2+) aggregation. In consequence, the overpotential of Zn deposition could increase from 32.2 to 45.1 mV with the help of Na-L. The Zn-Zn cell could achieve a Zn utilization rate of 80% at areal capacity of 20 mAh cm^(-2). Zn-LiMn_(2)O_(4) full cell with Na-L additive delivers improved stability than that with blank electrolyte. This study also provides insight into the regulation of nucleation overpotential to achieve homogeneous Zn deposition.

关键词： Nucleation overpotential Complexing agent Zn batteries Zn deposition

Breeding for pre-harvest sprouting resistance in bread wheat under rainfed conditions

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018年第2期5卷 253-261页

作者： muhammad ZEESHAN Waheed arshad muhammad Imran KHAN Shiraz ALI Ali NAWAZ Amina BATOOL muhammad TARIQ muhammad Imran AKRAM muhammad Amjad ALI Barani Agricultural Research Station Barani Agricultural Research Institute Soil and Water Conservation Research Station Department of Plant Pathology and Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry & Biotechnology University of AgricultureFaisalabad

Pre-harvest sprouting in wheat is the germination of seeds within the spikes when rains occur after or during grain ripening, which occurs commonly in the barani tract of Pakistan. Therefore, 10 cultivars and five advanced lines of spring bread wheat were evaluated for pre-harvest sprouting resistance. After natural rainfall,seeds were immediately collected from the wet spikes and tested for germinating ability. Three different germination tests were applied to hand-threshed seed:(1) spikes threshed on the day of sampling and germination tested immediately,(2) spikes threshed on the day of sampling and germination tested 1 week later, and(3) spikes threshed 1 week after sampling and germination test immediately after threshing. Seeds and spikes kept for 1 week were place on blotting paper at room temperature.Cultivars BARS-09, 09 FJ17, Doukkala-12, NARC-09 and Ouassou-20 exhibited higher sprouting resistance while other genotypes were susceptible to pre-harvest sprouting in each of the three tests. A diallel crossing was conducted with six susceptible and two resistant genotypes to assess the genetic behavior of pre-harvest sprouting resistance.The combining ability(CA) demonstrated a higher proportion of additive genetic effects for sprouting resistance, because of higher variance of general and specific CA for both parameters under study. Doukkala-12 and BARS-09 showed increased pre-harvest sprouting resistance in their F1 descendants.

关键词： bread wheat germination index general combining ability pre-harvest sprouting specific combining ability

Trajectory of cause of death among brought dead neonates in tertiary care public facilities of Pakistan: A multicenter study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第1期13卷 57-62页

作者： muhammad Ayaz Mustufa Munir Ahmed Sheikh Ijaz-ul-Haque Taseer Syed Jamal Raza muhammad Sohail arshad Tasleem Akhter Ghazala Mohyuddin Arain Sultana Habibuilah Sohail Safdar Rukhsana Firdous muhammad Adnan PMRC Specialized Research Center on Child Health National Institute of Child HealthKarachiPakistan PMRC Research Center Liaquat University of Health and Medical SciencesJamshoroHyderabadPakistan PMRC Research Center Nishtar MedicaI CollegeMultan.Pakistan PMRC Research Center Khyber Medical CollegePeshawarPakistan PMRC Research Center Punjab Medical CollegeFaisalabad.Pakistan PMRC Research Center Dow University of Health Sciences.Karachi.Pakistan PMRC Research Center Bolan Medical CollegeOuettaPakistan PMRc Research Center FJMCLahore.Pakistan.

Background:Considering the fact that Pakistan is amongst the countries with very high neonatal mortality rates,we conducted a research study to determine the possible causes and characteris廿cs of neonates presenting dead to the emergency department of tertiary public health care facilities of Pakistan using verbal autopsies.Memods:A descriptive case series study was conducted in emergency department/pediatrics ward/neonatal ward/nursery unit of ten tertiary care public health facilities,situated in seven malor cities of Pakistan from November,2011 to June。2013.Precoded verbal autopsy proforma was used to collect information regarding cause of death,family narratives and other associated risks accountable for pathway to mortality.

关键词： autopsy child health services early childhood emergency department use neonatal mortality