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Evolution of Coulomb failure stress in Sulaiman Lobe,Pakistan,and its implications for seismic hazard assessment

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2023年第2期7卷 282-294页

作者： Aiza Amjad muhammad shahid Riaz Urooj Shakir muhammad Younis Khan muhammad ali shah Bahria School of Engineering and Applied Sciences H-11 CampusBahriaBahria UniversityIslamabadPakistan Centre for Earthquake Studies National Centre for PhysicsIslamabadPakistan National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of PeshawarPeshawarPakistan GIS and Space Applications in Geosciences(G-SAG)Lab National Center of GIS and Space Applications(NCGSA)IslamabadPakistan

In this research work,we present the evolution of Coulomb failure stress(CFS)in the Sulaiman Lobe and its implications for seismic hazard *** Chaman transform fault,~1,000 km long,is the major active fault that marks the western boundary between Pakistan and Afghanistan on the Indian *** date,few studies have been conducted to unveil the interactions among earthquakes and the implications of these interactions for seismic hazard assessment in the *** thoroughly investigated the published and online catalog to construct a sequence of major earthquakes that occurred in this region during the *** final earthquake sequence was composed of 15 earthquakes of M_(w)≥6.0,beginning with the 1888 *** used the stress-triggering theory to numerically simulate the evolution of CFS caused by these *** numerical results revealed that 8 out of 15earthquakes were triggered by the preceding *** earthquakes in 1908,1910,1935,1966,and 1997 were rather independent earthquakes in this *** the epicenters of the 1975a and 1975b earthquakes were in the stress shadow zone,the partial rupture segments of both these earthquakes were in high-CFS *** CFS induced by the 1935 earthquake was notable,as it later triggered the 2008 ***,our results revealed that the northern segment of the Chaman Fault,the southern segment of the Ghazaband Fault,and the northwestern segment of the Urghargai Fault demonstrated a high change in CFS that could trigger seismicity in these *** necessary arrangements must therefore be made to mitigate any possible seismic hazards in the region.

关键词： Sulaiman Thrust Sulaiman Lobe earthquake triggering Coulomb failure stress seismic hazard assessment

Experimental Study on Heat Storage Properties Comparison of Paraffin/Metal Foams Phase Change Material Composites

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 469-478页

作者： Waqar AHMED Abid HUSSAIN Hanzla shahID Imran ali Hafiz muhammad ali Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Mechanical Mechatronics and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology LahoreFaisalabad CampusPunjabPakistan Mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems(IRC-REPS) King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Heat storage properties of phase change materials(PCMs) are essential characteristics that perform a key role in thermal heat energy storage *** thermal properties of PCMs can be improved by developing metal foam/PCM *** addition of metal foam in PCMs has a significant effect on the thermal characteristics of *** this paper,the heat storage properties of two different metal foam/PCM composites were experimentally *** behavior of paraffin in metal foam(copper and iron-nickel)/paraffin composites concerning pure paraffin at a constant heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2) in three directions simultaneously(x,y,and z) was *** was infiltrated into copper and iron-nickel foams to develop composite materials which resulted in enhancing the thermal conductivity of the paraffin.A comparative analysis is made on the heat storage properties of paraffin in copper and iron-nickel foams/paraffin *** temperature distribution during the phase transition process is experimentally *** comparison indicates that temperature uniformity in copper foam/paraffin composite is better than in iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite and pure paraffin at the same heat *** results show that at heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2),the heat storage time for copper foam/paraffin composite is 20.63% of that of iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite.

关键词： heat storage capacity paraffin/metal foam composite temperature uniformity heat storage rate phase transition process

An Implementation of Multiscale Line Detection and Mathematical Morphology for Efficient and Precise Blood Vessel Segmentation in Fundus Images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2565-2583页

作者： Syed Ayaz ali shah Aamir shahzad Musaed Alhussein Chuan Meng Goh Khursheed Aurangzeb Tong Boon Tang muhammad Awais Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusAbbottabad22060Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Faculty of Information and Communication Technology University Tunku Abdul RehmanKampar CampusKampar31900Malaysia Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research University Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri IskandarPerak32610Malaysia School of Computing Sciences University of East AngliaNorwichNR47TJUK

Diagnosing various diseases such as glaucoma,age-related macular degeneration,cardiovascular conditions,and diabetic retinopathy involves segmenting retinal blood *** task is particularly challenging when dealing with color fundus images due to issues like non-uniformillumination,low contrast,and variations in vessel appearance,especially in the presence of different ***,the speed of the retinal vessel segmentation system is of utmost *** the surge of now available big data,the speed of the algorithm becomes increasingly important,carrying almost equivalent weightage to the accuracy of the *** address these challenges,we present a novel approach for retinal vessel segmentation,leveraging efficient and robust techniques based on multiscale line detection and mathematical *** algorithm’s performance is evaluated on two publicly available datasets,namely the Digital Retinal Images for Vessel Extraction dataset(DRIVE)and the Structure Analysis of Retina(STARE)*** experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method,withmean accuracy values of 0.9467 forDRIVE and 0.9535 for STARE datasets,aswell as sensitivity values of 0.6952 forDRIVE and 0.6809 for STARE ***,our algorithmexhibits competitive performance with state-of-the-art ***,it operates at an average speed of 3.73 s per image for DRIVE and 3.75 s for STARE *** is worth noting that these results were achieved using Matlab scripts containing multiple *** suggests that the processing time can be further reduced by replacing loops with *** the proposed algorithm can be deployed in real time *** summary,our proposed system strikes a fine balance between swift computation and accuracy that is on par with the best available methods in the field.

关键词： Line detector vessel detection localization mathematical morphology image processing

SnIP-type atomic-scale inorganic double-helix semiconductors: Synthesis, properties, and applications

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2111-2128页

作者： Mudussar ali Bowen Zhang muhammad Khurram Qingfeng Yan Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials(Ministry of Education) Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Flexible inorganic double helical semiconductors similar to DNA have fueled the demand for efficient materials with innovative structures and excellent *** recent discovery of tin phosphide iodide(SnIP),the first carbon-free double helical semiconductor at an atomic level,has opened new avenues of research for semiconducting devices such as thermoelectric and sensor devices,solar cells,and *** has drawn significant academic attention due to its high structural flexibility,band gap in the visible spectrum range,and non-toxic ***,the recent progress in developing SnIP,including its prestigious structure,versatile and intriguing properties,and synthesis,is *** analogues of SnIP and SnIP-based hybrid materials and their applications in photocatalysis are also ***,the review concludes with a critical summary and future aspects of this new inorganic semiconductor.

关键词： tin phosphide iodide(SnIP) inorganic semiconductor inorganic double helix SnIP-based hybrids photocatalysis flexible material

Elevating Image Steganography:A Fusion of MSB Matching and LSB Substitution for Enhanced Concealment Capabilities

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2923-2943页

作者： muhammad Zaman ali Omer Riaz Hafiz muhammad Hasnain Waqas Sharif Tenvir ali Gyu Sang Choi Department of Information Technology The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Computer Science The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan School of Computer Science and Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongbuk38541Korea

In today’s rapidly evolving landscape of communication technologies,ensuring the secure delivery of sensitive data has become an essential *** overcome these difficulties,different steganography and data encryption methods have been proposed by researchers to secure *** of the proposed steganography techniques achieve higher embedding capacities without compromising visual imperceptibility using LSB *** this work,we have an approach that utilizes a combinationofMost SignificantBit(MSB)matching andLeast Significant Bit(LSB)*** proposed algorithm divides confidential messages into pairs of bits and connects them with the MSBs of individual pixels using pair matching,enabling the storage of 6 bits in one pixel by modifying a maximum of three *** proposed technique is evaluated using embedding capacity and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)score,we compared our work with the Zakariya scheme the results showed a significant increase in data concealment *** achieved results of ourwork showthat our algorithmdemonstrates an improvement in hiding capacity from11%to 22%for different data samples while maintaining a minimumPeak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)of 37 *** findings highlight the effectiveness and trustworthiness of the proposed algorithm in securing the communication process and maintaining visual integrity.

关键词： Steganography most significant bit(MSB) least significant bit(LSB) peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)

巴基斯坦国内汉语语音教学与学生汉语语音学习现状调查

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巴基斯坦国内汉语语音教学与学生汉语语音学习现状调查

作者： muhammad Meeran ali shah（王明翰）四川师范大学

学位级别：硕士

有关巴基斯坦本土汉语音教学现状调查的相关性研究较少。本论文在对巴基斯坦三所孔子学院的汉语学习者进行了有关语音教学问卷调查的基础上,以巴基斯坦卡拉奇市卡拉奇大学孔子学院与NadirshawEduljiDinshaw工程科技大学的汉语学习者为... 详细信息

有关巴基斯坦本土汉语音教学现状调查的相关性研究较少。本论文在对巴基斯坦三所孔子学院的汉语学习者进行了有关语音教学问卷调查的基础上,以巴基斯坦卡拉奇市卡拉奇大学孔子学院与NadirshawEduljiDinshaw工程科技大学的汉语学习者为研究对象,运用文献研究法、线上访谈法、问卷调查法,针对巴基斯坦汉语语音教学的教师情况、教学表现以及汉语学习者的学习情况、学习成效进行调查分析。本文研究目的在于跟进巴基斯坦国内汉语语音教学与学生汉语语音学习成效的最新教学活动开展情况,发现现阶段的教学存在学习者群体多样化、师资队伍流动性大等特点,教师语音教学方法的多样性亟待改善、语音教学技能有待提高、学生语音知识理解掌握情况有待改进等问题,最后针对教师语音教学与学生语音学习提出解决建议,特别对中国汉语教师志愿者选拨培训及巴基斯坦本土教师的培养提出了与语音学素养方面有关的建议。本文试图通过分析教师的语音知识及语音教学方法对学生语音学习的影响,能为今后教师的选拔培养、汉语学习者语音教学质量的提高起到推进作用。论文共分五章:第一章主要介绍研究背景、分析研究现状、说明本文研究目标、研究意义及研究方法等;第二章为巴基斯坦语言教育及汉语教学概况及问卷调查与实施介绍。首先介绍巴基斯坦语言教育及汉语教学概况,重点介绍了本调查所涉及的巴基斯坦孔子学院,并介绍了问卷调查设计的基本内容:调查对象、调查目的、问卷设计、调查实施等;第三章为文章主体部分,分析了调查结果,分析分为四个方法,第一方面是调查者基本信息分析,第二方面是汉语学习者对自我语音学习的评价分析及对教师语音教学方法的评价分析,第三方面主要对教师的语音学素养方面进行了调查分析,第四方面主要对学习者具体语音学习表现进行了调查分析,包括:音素方面、同拼音字母的元音音位、音位变体的认知方面、标调方面;第四章针对巴基斯坦本土汉语语音教学提出建议,分别从中国教师选派及本土教师选拔培训两方面展开叙述;第五章为结论。

关键词：巴基斯坦学生语音教学偏误

Bond-Slip Behavior of Steel Bar and Recycled Steel Fibre-Reinforced Concrete

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第1期12卷 167-186页

作者： Ismail shah Jing Li Nauman Khan Hamad R.Almujibah muhammad Mudassar Rehman ali Raza Yun Peng School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming650000China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China Yunnan International Joint R&D Center of Smart Agriculture and Water Security Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming650201China School of Water Conservancy Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming650201China School of Civil Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif City21974Saudi Arabia School of Civil Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China

Recycled steel fiber reinforced concrete is an innovative construction material that offers exceptional mechanical properties and *** is considered a sustainable material due to its low carbon footprint and environmental friendly *** study examines the key influencing factors that affect the behavior of this material,such as the steel fiber volume ratio,recycled aggregate replacement rate,concrete strength grade,anchorage length,and stirrup *** study investigates the bond failure morphology,bond-slip,and bond strength constitutive relationship of steel fiber recycled *** results show that the addition of steel fibers at 0.5%,1.0%,and 1.5%volume ratios can improve the ultimate bond strength of pull-out specimens by 9.05%,6.94%,and 5.52%,*** replacement rate of recycled aggregate has minimal effect on the typical bond strength of pull-out ***,the ultimate bond strengths of pull-out specimens with concrete strength grades C45 and C60 have improved compared to those with C30 *** specimens with longer anchorage lengths exhibit lower ultimate bond strength,with a reduction of 33.19%and 46.37%for anchorage lengths of 5D and 7D,respectively,compared to those without *** restraint of 1φ8 and 2φ8 improves the ultimate bond strength by 5.29%and 6.90%,*** fibers have a significant effect on the behavior of concrete after it cracks,especially during the stable expansion stage,crack instability expansion stage,and failure stage.

关键词： Recycled coarse aggregates(RCA) steel fiber bonding performance bond-slip environmental challenges

Seasonal variations in dissolved organic matter concentration and composition in an outdoor system for bank filtration simulation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 252-261页

作者： muhammad Zeeshan Omamah ali Shamas Tabraiz Aki Sebastian Ruhl German Environment Agency Section II 3.3Schichauweg 5812307BerlinGermany Technische Universitat Berlin Water TreatmentKF4Str.des 17.Juni 13510623BerlinGermany Natural and Applied Sciences Section School of Psychology and Life SciencesCanterbury Christ Church UniversityCanterburyCT11QUUK

Dissolved organic matter(DOM)in surface waters can vary markedly in character depending on seasonal variations such as rainfall intensity,UV radiations and *** in DOM as well as temperature and rainfall intensity over the year can affect the biochemical processes occurring in bank filtration(BF).Identification and characterization of DOM in the surface water could help to optimize the water treatment and provide stable and safe drinking *** study investigated year-long variations of DOM concentrations and compositions in a surface water of a circulated outdoor pond(research facility)connected to a BF *** was dominated by humic substances and a changing pattern of DOM in surface water was observed throughout the year.A significant increase of DOM(~38%)in surface water was noted in August compared to *** fluorescent DOM showed that DOM in summer was enriched with the degradable fraction whilst non-degradable fraction was dominated in winter.A constant(1.7±0.1 mg/L)effluent DOM was recirculated in the system throughout the *** removal through BF varied between 4%to 39%and was achieved within a few meters after infiltration and significantly correlated with influent DOM concentration(R^(2)=0.82,p0.05)change in the removal of DOM was observed in two subsurface layers(upper and lower).This study highlights the presence of a constant non-degradable DOM in the bank filtrate,which was not affected by temperature,redox conditions and UV radiations.

关键词： Bank filtration Dissolved organic matter Dissolved oxygen Fluorescence spectroscopy Excitation-emission matrix

Study of bending angle and shadow in a new Schwarzschild-like black hole affected by plasma and non-plasma mediums

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第5期48卷 309-318页

作者： Riasat ali Tiecheng Xia muhammad Awais Rimsha Babar Department of Mathematics Newtouch Center for Mathematics of Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Mathematics University of Engineering and Technology Lahore-54890Pakistan Department of Mathematics GC University Faisalabad Layyah CampusLayyah-31200Pakistan

In this study,we analyze the models of the deflection angle of a new Schwarzschild-like black hole(BH)and employ the optical metric of the *** achieve this,we use the Gaussian curvature of the optical metric and the Gauss-Bonnet theorem,known as the Gibbons-Werner technique,to determine the deflection ***,we examine the deflection angle in the presence of a plasma medium and the effect of the plasma medium on the deflection *** deflection angle of the BH solution in the gauged super-gravity is computed using the Keeton-Petters *** the ray-tracing technique,we investigate the shadow of the corresponding BH and analyze the plots of the deflection angle and shadow to verify the influence of the plasma and algebraic thermodynamic parameters on the deflection angle and shadow.

关键词： new Schwarzschild-like black hole Gibbons-Werner and Keeton-Petters techniques deflection angle ray-tracing approach shadow