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大豆幼苗对荫蔽和干旱交互胁迫的生理响应

大豆幼苗对荫蔽和干旱交互胁迫的生理响应

作者： muhammad ahsan asghar 四川农业大学

学位级别：硕士

在全球尤其是中国西南地区豆科与非豆科作物间套作模式被广泛应用,间套作具有抑制杂草、控制病虫害、提高土壤肥力和氮素吸收的作用。然而,在该系统中,玉米植株改变了大豆的微环境,同时使大豆暴露在许多非生物胁迫下,包括光照胁迫(荫蔽... 详细信息

在全球尤其是中国西南地区豆科与非豆科作物间套作模式被广泛应用,间套作具有抑制杂草、控制病虫害、提高土壤肥力和氮素吸收的作用。然而,在该系统中,玉米植株改变了大豆的微环境,同时使大豆暴露在许多非生物胁迫下,包括光照胁迫(荫蔽)和水分胁迫(干旱),这些影响着间套作系统。遮荫和干旱被认为是限制作物正常生长的最严重的非生物胁迫因子,尤其是干旱和半干旱地区的高密度间套作作物。然而,这两种胁迫因子的交互作用与植物之间的关系及其机理尚不清楚。本文研究了遮荫和干旱之间的关系及其对大豆植株的交互作用。两个试验用于验证它们之间的关系。在第一个试验中,选择长势一致的12天大小的健康大豆幼苗,进行6个遮荫时段处理(0、2、4、6、8、12 h)。实时荧光定量PCR(q PCR)结果表明,荫蔽处理显著上调脱落酸(ABA)生物合成(Gm NCED3和Gm AAO3)和信号(Gm ABI4和Gm ABI5)基因的表达,以及显著提高了ABA含量。基于这些结果,本研究对大豆幼苗进行了遮荫(Pre-SH)和正常光照(Pre-NL)预处理,然后用PEG6000模拟诱导干旱胁迫。干旱导致两种光照条件下的相对含水量、形态生理生化指标降低。然而,与Pre-NL相比,经Pre-SH处理的植株通过增强其防御系统来清除更多的活性氧(ROS),从而保护其细胞免受因为干旱所导致的破坏。总之,本研究结果表明,在Pre-NL条件下生长的植株比在Pre-SH条件下生长的植株受干旱胁迫的影响更大,这表明遮荫处理可以增强大豆幼苗的抗旱性。第二个实验分析了荫蔽和干旱在大豆中的交互作用。在荫蔽和白光条件下,使用PEG6000对12天大小的大豆幼苗进行干旱处理。干旱显著降低了植株的相对含水量、形态参数、碳水化合物和叶绿素含量。同时,大豆幼苗的渗透保护剂、活性氧和抗氧化酶含量显著增加。此外,在干旱胁迫下,遮荫植株比未遮荫植株积累更多的糖和脯氨酸。此后,我们的研究结果表明,未遮荫的植株比遮荫的植株对PEG诱导的干旱胁迫更敏感,这些结果表明遮荫可以增强大豆幼苗的干旱抗性。

关键词：间套作大豆荫蔽干旱脱落酸抗氧化酶活性氧脯氨酸糖

Exploration of Genetic Pattern of Phenological Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Drought Stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第12期91卷 2733-2758页

作者： Iqra Ishaaq muhammad Umer Farooq Syeda Anjum Tahira Rizwana Maqbool Celaleddin Barutçular muhammad Yasir Saira Bano Zaid Ulhassan Ghassan Zahid muhammad ahsan asghar Sajad Hussain Kocsy Gabor Ulkar Ibrahimova Jianqing Zhu Anshu Rastogi Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad38040Pakistan Department of Botany Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of OkaraOkara56130Pakistan Department of Field Crops Faculty of AgricultureÇukurova UniversityAdana01330Turkey Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding Rice Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu Campus611130China Key Laboratory of Agriculture Products Improvement Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry UniversityHangzhou311300China Institute of Crop Science Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy SensingZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Department of Biotechnology Institute of Natural and Applied SciencesÇukurova UniversityAdana01330Turkey Agricultural Institute ELKH Centre for Agricultural ResearchMartonvásár2462Hungary College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityYa’an611130China Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies Azerbaijan National Academy of SciencesBakuAZ 1073Azerbaijan Research Institute of Crop Husbandry Ministry of Agriculture of the Azerbaijan RepublicBakuAZ 1098Azerbaijan Laboratory of Bioclimatology Department of Ecology and Environmental ProtectionPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznan60-649Poland

Drought is the major detrimental environmental factor for wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)*** exploration of genetic patterns underlying drought tolerance is of great *** we report the gene actions controlling the phenological traits using the line×tester model studying 27 crosses and 12 parents under normal irrigation and drought *** results interpreted via multiple analysis(mean performance,correlations,principal component,genetic analysis,heterotic and heterobeltiotic potential)disclosed highly significant differences among *** phenological waxiness traits(glume,boom,and sheath)were strongly *** leaf area exhibits a positive association with peduncle and spike length under *** growing degree days(heat-units)greatly influence spikelets and grains per spike,however,the grain yield/plant was significantly reduced(17.44 g to 13.25 g)under *** principal components based on eigenvalue indicated significant PCs(first-seven)accounted for 79.9%and 73.9%of total variability under normal irrigation and drought,*** investigated yield traits showed complex genetic *** genetic advance confronted a moderate to high heritability for spikelets/spike and grain yield/*** traits conditioned by dominant genetic effects in normal irrigation were inversely controlled by additive genetic effects under drought and vice *** magnitude of dominance effects for phenological and yield traits,i.e.,leaf twist,auricle hairiness,grain yield/plant,spikelets,and grains/spike suggests that selection by the pedigree method is appropriate for improving these traits under normal irrigation conditions and could serve as an indirect selection index for improving yield-oriented traits in wheat populations for drought ***,the phenotypic selection could be more than effective for traits conditioned by additive genetic effects under *** suggest five significant cross combinations base

关键词： Wheat drought phenological traits genetic variability heterotic and heterobeltiotic potential

Interactive effect of shade and PEG-induced osmotic stress on physiological responses of soybean seedlings

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第9期20卷 2382-2394页

作者： muhammad ahsan asghar JIANG Heng-ke SHUI Zhao-wei CAO Xi-yu HUANG Xi-yu Shakeel IMRAN Bushra AHMAD ZHANG Hao YANG Yue-ning SHANG Jing YANG Hui YU Liang LIU Chun-yan YANG Wen-yu SUN Xin DU Jun-bo College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130P.R.China Research Center for Modern Agriculture of the Middle East Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130P.R.China Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China Ministry of AgricultureSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130P.R.China Department of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabad(UAF)|UAF Sub-CampusBurewala 61010Pakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38000Pakistan

Intensively farmed crops used to experience numerous environmental *** these,shade and drought significantly influence the morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes of ***,the interactive effect of shade and drought on the growth and development of soybean under dense cropping systems has not been reported *** study investigated the interactive effect of PEG-induced osmotic stress and shade on soybean *** soybean cultivar viz.,C-103 was subjected to PEG-induced osmotic stress from polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG-6000)under shading and non-shading ***-induced osmotic stress significantly reduced the relative water contents,morphological parameters,carbohydrates and chlorophyll contents under both light environments.A significant increase was observed in osmoprotectants,reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes in soybean ***,the findings revealed that,seedlings grown under non-shading conditions produced more malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide contents as compared to the shade-treated plants when subjected to PEG-induced osmotic ***,the shaded plants accumulated more sugars and proline than non-shaded ones under drought ***,it was found that nonshaded grown plants were more sensitive to PEG-induced osmotic stress than those exposed to shading conditions,which suggested that shade could boost the protective mechanisms against osmotic stress or at least would not exaggerate the adverse effects of PEG-induced osmotic stress in soybean seedlings.

关键词： shade PEG-induced osmotic stress reactive oxygen species antioxidant enzymes soybean

Shade and microbes enhance drought stress tolerance in plants by inducing phytohormones at molecular levels: a review

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第6期15卷 1107-1117页

作者： muhammad ahsan asghar Bushra Ahmad Ali Raza Bilal Adil Hafz Hassan Javed muhammad Umer Farooq Abuzar Ghafoor muhammad Iftikhar Hussain Iram Shafq Hassan Karim Xin Sun Wenyu Yang Gábor Kocsy Junbo Du Department of Biological Resources Agricultural InstituteCentre for Agricultural ResearchELKHMartonvásárHungary College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38000PunjabPakistan College of Resource Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Department of Field Crops Faculty of AgricultureÇukurova UniversityAdana 01330Turkey Department of Plant Biology&Soil Science Faculty of BiologyUniversity of VigoCampus As Lagoas MarcosendeVigo 36310Spain State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan 611130China

Plants are frequently exposed to adverse environments during their life *** them drought stress is one of the major threats to agricultural *** order to survive in such unstable environment,plants have developed mechanisms through which they recognize the severity of the stress based on the incoming environmental *** combat the detrimental effects of drought,the plants have evolved various strategies to modulate their physio-hormonal *** strategies that can be modulated by shade and microbes contribute to enhancing tolerance to drought and reducing yield *** hormones,such as abscisic acid,auxin and ethylene have a major role in the shade-and microbe-associated improvement of drought tolerance through their effects on various metabolic *** this process,the CLAVATA3/EMBRYOSURROUNDING REGION-RELATED 25 peptide has a major role due to its effect on ABA synthesis as shown in our regulatory model.

关键词： abscisic acid CLAVATA3/EMBRYOSURROUNDING REGION-RELATED 25 auxin plant growth promoting rhizobacteria ethylene

Airship aerodynamic model estimation using unscented Kalman filter

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2020年第6期31卷 1318-1329页

作者： WASIM muhammad ALI ahsan Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila 47080Pakistan

An airship model is made-up of aerostatic,aerodynamic,dynamic,and propulsive forces and *** others,the computation of aerodynamic forces and torques is ***,wind tunnel experimentation and potential flow theory are used for their ***,the limitations of these methods pose difficulties in their accurate *** this work,an online estimation scheme based on unscented Kalman filter(UKF)is proposed for their *** proposed method introduces six auxiliary states for the complete aerodynamic *** uses an extended model and provides an estimate of a complete state vector along with auxiliary *** proposed method uses the minimum auxiliary state variables for the approximation of the complete aerodynamic model that makes it computationally less *** estimation performance is evaluated by developing a nonlinear simulation environment for University of Engineering and Technology,Taxila(UETT)*** performance is vali􀅫dated by performing the error analysis based on estimation error and 2-σ uncertainty *** the same problem,the extended Kalman filter(EKF)is also implemented and its results are compared with *** simulation results show that UKF successfully estimates the forces and torques due to the aerodynamic model with small estimation error and the comparative analysis with EKF shows that UKF improves the estimation re􀅫sults and also it is more suitable for the under-consideration problem.

关键词： airship unscented Kalman filter(UKF) extend Kalman filter(EKF) state estimation aerodynamic model estimation

Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) Modeling of Heat Transfer in a Polymeric Membrane using Finite Volume Method

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Journal of Thermal Science 2016年第6期25卷 564-570页

作者： muhammad ahsan Arshad Hussain School of Chemical and Materials Engineering(SCME) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)

The efficiency,robustness and reliability of recent numerical methods for finding solutions to flow problems have given rise to the implementation of computational fluid dynamics(CFD) as a broadly used analysis method for engineering problems like membrane separation *** CFD modeling in this study observes steady and unsteady(transient) heat flux and temperature profiles in a polymeric(cellulose acetate) *** study is novel due to the implementation of user defined scalar(UDS) diffusion equation by using user-defined functions(UDFs) infinite volume method(FVM).Some details of the FVM used by the solver are carefully discussed when implementing terms in the governing equation and boundary conditions(BC).The contours of temperature due to high-temperature gradient are reported for steady and unsteady problems.

关键词： unsteady solver scalar polymeric Membrane robustness governing carefully details discretization

Ordering and disordering of in situ grown MgAl-layered double hydroxide and its effect on the structural and corrosion resistance properties

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2019年第12期26卷 1570-1577页

作者： muhammad ahsan Iqbal Michele Fedel Department of Industrial Engineering University of Trento

A MgAl-layered double hydroxide(MgAl-LDH)protective film was developed on AA6082 substrates via the in situ hydrothermal growth method to obtain a distinct cauliflower-like LDH structure,and coated substrates were further heat-treated in air at temperatures from 100 to 250℃ to further improve the corrosion resistance of MgAl-LDH by taking advantage of the LDH memory effect;also,the effect of calcination on MgAl-LDH structural stability and the corresponding corrosion resistance properties were *** structural characterization of uncalcined and calcined LDH films were examined using scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,thermogravimetric analysis,differential scanning calorimetry,and Fourier transform infrared *** corresponding corrosion protection efficiency of the developed coating was studied through potentiodynamic polarization experiments and by electrochemical impedance *** with uncalcined MgAl-LDH,the calcined film showed a relatively lower corrosion current density and a higher impedance value,especially after heat treatment at 250℃.The findings demonstrate that calcination strongly affects the oriented growth of the LDH and causes an increase in the surface area and contraction of the basal spacing,which in turn caused a compact structure that substantially influenced the LDH corrosion resistance properties.

关键词： layered double hydroxide calcination in situ growth thin films corrosion protection

Some Homological Characterizations of Semigroups and Semirings

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2011年第10期27卷 2065-2072页

作者： Javed ahsan Zhong Kui LIU muhammad SHABIR Department of Mathematics International Islamic University H-10 CampusIslamabad 44000 Pakistan Department of Mathematics Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 P. R. China Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 44000 Pakistan

In this paper we characterize semirings all of whose p-injective semimodules are injective. We also classify monoids all of whose p-injective acts are injective.

关键词： P-injective semimodule injective semimodule p-injective act injective act

Unfolding the structural features of NASICON materials for sodium-ion full cells

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Carbon Energy 2022年第5期4卷 776-819页

作者： muhammad Tayyab ahsan Zeeshan Ali muhammad Usman Yanglong Hou School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijingChina School of Chemical and Materials Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)IslamabadPakistan Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices(BKL-MMD) School of Materials Science and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijingChina

Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are potential candidates for the replacement of lithium-ion batteries to meet the increasing demands of electrical storage systems due to the low cost and high abundance of *** superionic conductor(NASICON)structured materials have attracted enormous interest in recent years as electrode materials for safer and long-term performance of SIBs for electric energy storage smart *** materials have a threedimensional robust framework,high redox potential,thermal stability,and a fast Na^(+)-ion diffusion ***,NASICON has low intrinsic electronic conductivity,which limits the electrochemical *** review describes the structural features of NASICONs to illustrate the ion storage mechanism and electrochemical performance of *** of the NASICON crystal structure,the affiliated Na^(+)-ion diffusion mechanism,morphology,and electrochemical performance of these materials in sodiumion half-cells as well as full cells are *** addition to the application as electrode materials,the use of NASICONs as solid electrolytes is also elaborated in solid-state *** on these aspects,we have provided more perspectives in terms of the commercialization of SIBs and strategies to overcome the limitations of ***,this review is expected to provide the researchers of energy storage with an in-depth understanding of NASICON materials with the knowledge of structural features,which will provide a new avenue on the practicality of SIBs.

关键词： cathode materials electrical storage systems full cells NASICON materials sodium-ion batteries