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A Game-Theoretic Approach to Safe Crowd Evacuation in Emergencies

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1631-1657页

作者： Maria Gul Imran Ali Khan Gohar Zaman Atta Rahman Jamaluddin Mir Sardar Asad Ali Biabani May IssaAldossary Mustafa Youldash Ashraf Saadeldeen Maqsood Mahmud Asiya abdus salam Dania Alkhulaifi Abdullah AlTurkey31Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Computer Science Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Science and Technology Unit Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Deanship of Scientific Research Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyOmdurman Islamic UniversityOmdurman14415Sudan Business Analytic Program Department of Management and MarketingCollege of Business AdministrationUniversity of BahrainSakhir32038Bahrain

Obstacle removal in crowd evacuation is critical to safety and the evacuation system efficiency. Recently, manyresearchers proposed game theoreticmodels to avoid and remove obstacles for crowd evacuation. Game theoreticalmodels aim to study and analyze the strategic behaviors of individuals within a crowd and their interactionsduring the evacuation. Game theoretical models have some limitations in the context of crowd evacuation. Thesemodels consider a group of individuals as homogeneous objects with the same goals, involve complex mathematicalformulation, and cannot model real-world scenarios such as panic, environmental information, crowds that movedynamically, etc. The proposed work presents a game theoretic model integrating an agent-based model to removethe obstacles from exits. The proposed model considered the parameters named: (1) obstacle size, length, andwidth, (2) removal time, (3) evacuation time, (4) crowd density, (5) obstacle identification, and (6) route *** proposed work conducts various experiments considering different conditions, such as obstacle types, obstacleremoval, and several obstacles. Evaluation results show the proposed model’s effectiveness compared with existingliterature in reducing the overall evacuation time, cell selection, and obstacle removal. The study is potentially usefulfor public safety situations such as emergency evacuations during disasters and calamities.

关键词： Safe crowd evacuation public safety emergency transition probability cooperation

Conceptual design,modeling and compliance characterization of a novel 2-DOF rotational pointing mechanism for fast steering mirror

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2020年第12期33卷 3564-3574页

作者： muhammad ABID Jingjun YU Yan XIE abdus salam Robotics Institute School of Mechanical Engineering and AutomationBeihang UniversityBeijing 100083China School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083China

In this paper,a novel 2-DOF rotational pointing mechanism(RPM)is designed inspired by the guidelines of the graphical *** mechanism integrates with a fast steering mirror(FSM)for compensating pointing errors of a laser *** design intends to achieve an angular travel of±10 mrad and steers a 25 mm mirror aperture.A planar flexure with beam flexures accompanied in parallel with an axial flexure build-up mechanism *** mechanismbased RPM ensures high precision and *** characteristics are established based on the stiffness matrix method for four different planar flexure *** layout with best in-plane rotational compliance is then assessed for performance sensitivity to mechanism dimension parameters and parasitic error,thus informing the design *** stiffness in both the inplane rotational axes and stress is determined based on finite element analysis(FEA).The wire electrical discharge machining(EDM)is employed for developing the proof of concept for the RPM and is then assembled in *** are conducted to determine the rotational stiffness and angular travel about both in-plane rotational *** among theoretical,numerical and experiments reveal excellent linearity of rotational stiffness along the rotational travel *** maximum theoretical error is less than 5.5%compared with FEA while,the experimental error has a mean of 5%and 3%for both rotational axes thus satisfying the intended design requirement.

关键词： Compliant mechanism Finite element analysis Graphical approach Rotational stiffness Sensitivity analysis

Bamboo biochar greater enhanced Cd/Zn accumulation in Salix psammophila under non-flooded soil compared with flooded

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 1072-1088页

作者： Xiaogang Li Yini Cao Jiang Xiao Mir Md abdus salam Guangcai Chen Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry73Daqiao RdHangzhou 311400ZhejiangChina Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education School of EcologyEnvironment and ResourcesGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China School of Forest Sciences University of Eastern FinlandYliopistokatu 7P.O.Box 11180100 JoensuuFinland Natural Resources Institute Finland(LUKE) Yliopistokatu 6B80100 JoensuuFinland

As a metal immobilizer,biochar can be used to remediate contaminated ***’s effect on the phytoremediation process in flooded conditions under a scenario of increasing flooding frequency as global climate change is not well *** study investigated bamboo biochar(BBC)effects on growth and metal accumulation of Salix in multi-metal contaminated soil under non-flooded versus flooded *** cuttings were cultivated in pots with severely contaminated soil by Cd and Zn,for 120 days,with four treatments including non-flooded treatment,flooded treatment,non-flooded with 3%BBC application(BBC/soil,w/w),and flooded with 3%BBC ***,flooding,and BBC×flooding significantly decreased the bioavailability of metals in soils(P<0.05).The BBC addition markedly stimulated Cd concentration in leaves under non-flooded(94.20%)and flooded conditions(32.73%)but showed little effect on *** BBC significantly boosted Cd and Zn transport from roots to aboveground parts by 68.85%and 102.27%compared with no BBC amendment under non-flooded treatment,while showing insignificant changes under flooded *** the plant biomass was little affected,BBC significantly increased Cd and Zn accumulation in the whole plant by 52.53%and 28.52%under non-flooded while showing an insignificant impact under flooded *** together,BBC enhanced the phytoremediation efficiency of Salix to Cd and Zn in severely polluted non-flooded soil,while flooding offset this *** results indicated the effects of BBC varied under different soil moisture,which should be considered in the biochar-assisted phytoremediation to variable and complex environments.

关键词： Heavy metals Amendment Salix Phytoremediation Soil flooding

Use of wireless system in healthcare for developing countries

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Digital Communications and Networks 2016年第1期2卷 34-45页

作者： Humaira abdus salam Bilal muhammad Khan National University of Sciences and Technology NUST Islamabad Pakistan

Healthcare is one of the major applications of wireless systems that possess crucial issues. Specifically developing countries require a low cost and reliable network with efficient protocols. The most challenging concern of Body Area Network (BAN) is heterogeneity, which requires fairness with reliability among all the network nodes. Solutions proposed for these networks either do not provide fair packet transmission or consume high energy and introduce delays. In this paper, we propose a cross layer protocol for healthcare applications meeting the requirements and challenges of the heterogeneous BAN. The protocol is also feasible for developing countries as it can be implemented over existing wireless infrastructure and provides high network reliability with energy efficiency through cooperation and adaptability. Results show that the proposed scheme improves reliability, throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), and energy consumption for scalable and mobile networks over conventional BAN protocols.

关键词： Cooperative AODV (Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector) routing Cross layer adaptability Data aggregation Heterogeneous network Wireless BAN communication

Early selection of bread wheat genotypes using morphological and photosynthetic attributes conferring drought tolerance

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第11期18卷 2483-2491页

作者： Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed abdus salam khan LI Ming-ju Sultan Habibullah Khan muhammad Kashif Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming 650205P.R.China Center of Agricultural Biotechnology and Biochemistry University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan

Genetic diversity is the base of any genetic improvement breeding program aimed at stress *** variability among breeding materials is of primary importance in the achievements of a good crop ***,105 wheat genotypes were screened against drought stress using factorial completely randomized design at seedling stage to determine the genetic diversity and traits association conferring drought *** of variances revealed that all the studied parameters differed significantly among all genotypes,indicating the significance genetic variability existed among all genotypes for studied *** 10 best performance genotypes G1,G6,G11,G16,G21,G26,G39,G44,G51,and G61 were screened as drought tolerant,while five lowest performance genotypes G3,G77,G91,G98,and G105 were screened as drought *** length,chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and carotenoid contents were significantly correlated among themselves which exhibited the importance of these indices for rainfed areas in future wheat breeding *** length exhibited non-significant and negative association with other studied traits,and its selection seems not to be a promising criteria for this germplasm for drought *** performance genotypes under drought stress conditions will be useful in future wheat breeding program and early selection will be effective for developing high yielding and drought tolerant wheat varieties.

关键词： drought photosynthesis chlorophyll wheat seedling carotenoid

Soil resistivity and ground resistance for dry and wet soil

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2017年第2期5卷 290-297页

作者： Md.abdus salam Quazi Mehbubar RAHMAN Swee Peng ANG Fushuan WEN Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi BruneiJalan Tungku LinkBandar Seri BegawanBrunei-Muara BE1410Brunei Darussalam Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Western OntarioLondonOntario N6A 5B9Canada

In this paper, soil resistivity and ground resistance at two different sites near an electrical substation are measured using a grounding system grid with and without rods. With the Wenner four-pole equal-method, the soil resistivity is measured at both selected sites, one of which contains wet soil while the other contains dry soil. Cymgrd simulation software is then used to determine the acceptability of these measured resistivity values by finding out the root mean square error between the measured and calculated values for both wet and dry soil sites. These values for wet and dry soil sties were found to be only 0 %and 4.92 %, respectively, and deemed acceptable. The measured soil resistivity values were then used to evaluate the ground resistance values of a grounding grid ‘with rod’for the wet soil site and ‘without rods’ for the dry soil site,and then compared with the simulated ground resistance values. These comparisons were also found to be in good agreement. In addition, ground potential rise, maximum permissible step and touch potentials have also been estimated using the simulation software.

关键词： Grid with rods Grid without rods Fall-ofpotential method Soil resistivity Ground resistance

Sources of Nitrogen in Combination with Systems of Irrigation Influence the Productivity of Modern Rice(Oryza sativa L.)Cultivars during Dry Season in Sub-Tropical Environment

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第8期91卷 1687-1708页

作者： Uttam Kumer Sarker Md.Romij Uddin Ahmed Khairul Hasan Md.Abdur Rahman Sarkar Md.abdus salam Md.Alamgir Hossain Eldessoky S.Dessoky Ismail A.Ismail Department of Agronomy Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh Department of Crop Botany Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh Department of Biology College of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

In irrigated agricultural systems,nitrogen(N)and water are the vital resources for sustainability of the crop production in the modern era of climate *** current study aimed to assess the impact of water and N management on the productivity of irrigated rice *** the context,a field observation was done at the research farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh,during dry seasons in consecutive two years(2018–2019 and 2019–2020).The experiments were set up following split-plot design assigning water management in the main plots,nitrogen management in the sub-plots,and the cultivars were approved in the split-split plot with three *** two years observation,it was revealed that rice cultivar Binadhan-8 gave the maximum value of leaf area index,number effective tillers hill-1 and grains panicle-1 which lead to the higher grain yield(GY).Substantial relationships were observed among the concentration of N,growth,total dry matter(TDM)and N content,N uptake,N utilization effectiveness,and ***,with little exception,the Combined effect of water and N,cultivars and water management were varied significantly for all ***,the results of the current study concluded that application of irrigation at 8 days after the disappearance of ponded water and source of 105 kg N ha-1 from PU+Poultry manure are the best management approach for the excellent performance of rice cultivar Binadhan-8.

关键词： Growth stage high yielding rice cultivar internal N use efficiency water productivity

Entropies of the Y-Junction Type Nanostructures

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第6期135卷 2665-2679页

作者： Ricai Luo Aisha Javed muhammad Azeem muhammad Kamran Jamil Hassan Raza muhammad Yasir Ilyas School of Mathematics and Physics Hechi UniversityYizhou456300China abdus salam School of Mathematical Sciences Government College UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Riphah Institute of Computing and Applied SciencesRiphah International UniversityLahore54000Pakistan School of Mathematical Sciences College of Science and TechnologyWenzhou-Kean UniversityWenzhou325060China Department of Physics COMSATS University IslamabadLahore54000Pakistan

Recent research on nanostructures has demonstrated their importance and application in a variety of *** are used directly or indirectly in drug delivery systems,medicine and pharmaceuticals,biological sensors,photodetectors,transistors,optical and electronic devices,and so *** discovery of carbon nanotubes with Y-shaped junctions is motivated by the development of future advanced electronic *** of their interactionwithY-junctions,electronic switches,amplifiers,and three-terminal transistors are of particular *** is a concept that determines the uncertainty of a system or *** concepts are also used in biology,chemistry,and applied *** on the requirements,entropy in the form of a graph can be classified into several *** 1955,graph-based entropy was *** of the types of entropy is edgeweighted *** examined the abstract form of Y-shaped junctions in this *** edge-weight-based entropy formulas for the generic view of Y-shaped junctions were created,and some edge-weighted and topological index-based concepts for Y-shaped junctions were discussed in the present paper.

关键词： Y-shaped junctions three-terminal junctions nanostuctures entropy carbon nanotube

Ground state parameters,electronic properties and elastic constants of CaMg3:DFT study

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2020年第4期8卷 1166-1175页

作者： H.Rekab-Djabri Manal M.abdus salam S.Daoud M.Drief Y.Guermit S.Louhibi-Fasla Laboratory of Micro and Nanophysics(LaMiN) National Polytechnic School OranENPO-MABP 1523El M'Naouer31000 OranAlgeria Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences and Earth Sciences Akli Mohand-Oulhadj University10000 BouiraAlgeria Department of Applied Physics Tafila Technical UniversityTafila 66110Jordan Laboratory of Materials and Electronic Systems Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi University of Bordj Bou ArreridjBordj BouArreridj 34000Algeria Laboratoire des Materiaux Magnetiques Departement de PhysiqueFaculte des SciencesUniversite Djilali LIABES de Sidi-Bel-AhbesSidi Bel Abbes 22000Algeria

The present study aims to investigate the equation of state(EOS)parameters of CaMg3 in aReCh(D09),AIFR(DO3),CU3A11(LI2)and CuTi3(L60)structures,using full potential linear muffin-tin orbitals(FP-LMTO)approach based on the density functional theory(DFT).The local density approximation(LDA)and the generalized gradient approximation(GGA)were both applied for the exchange-correlation potential *** calculated equation of slate parameters at equilibrium,in general,agreed well with the available data of the *** calculations showed that under compression CaMg3 transforms from DO3 to DO9 at about 29.96GPa,and 25.1 GPa using LDA and GGA,*** elastic constants C,y,aggregate moduli,Vickers hardness,sound velocity,and Debye temperature of CaMg3 in D03 structure were also reported,discussed and *** LDA(GGA),the calculated values of Hv andθD were found at around 5.80GPa(5.93GPa)and 393.44 K(389.91 K),*** band structure,total density of states(TDOS)as well as the partial density of states(PDOS)have been also *** electronic band structure confirms the metallic behavior of CaMg3 in DO3 phase,the valence bands are dominated by the maximum contribution of‘d’like states of Ca in the energy ranging from 2 to 3 eV for GGA,and from 4.5 to 5 eV for LDA,respectively.

关键词： CaMg3 compound Electronic properties Phase transition Elastic constants FP-LMTO