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Evaluation of glacial resource potential for sustaining kuhl irrigation system under changing climate in the Himalayan region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第5期16卷 1150-1159页

作者： arshad ASHRAF Adeela BATOOL Climate Energy and Water Research Institute National Agricultural Research Center (NARC)

A large numbers of mountain communities in the Himalayan region depend on glacier-fed kuhl system – gravity flow irrigation, for their sustenance. The depletion and retreat of glaciers often result in disruption of melt flows to kuhl system, which ultimately impacts the agriculture as well as livelihood of the local communities. Sustainability of glacial resource was assessed for establishing kuhl irrigation system based on indices of glacier decrease by number(GDN) and glacier depletion by volume(GDV) during the 2001-2013 period. The selected factors are important in terms of understanding point source and reserve potential of glaciers for sustaining glacier-fed kuhl irrigation in this region. The sustainability of glaciers was found good(i.e. a least decrease or rather increase in glacier number and volume) in about 23.6% glaciers(ice reserves about 705.9 km^3) under >10 km^2 area class of glaciers mainly in Gilgit and Shigar river basins of the Karakoram range. In the 5–10 km^2 class of glaciers, sustainability was good in 49 glaciers(ice reserve 26.59 km^3) and under 1–5 km^2 class, in 558 glaciers(ice reserve 60.189 km^3). Overall sustainability of glaciers appears to prevail in the Karakoram basins. The lesser sustainability of glaciers in the Himalaya basins like Astore and Jhelum would apparently be compensated by monsoon and change in rainfall pattern. A regular monitoring of the glacier resource and utilizing advance water conservation techniques would help in coping with negative impacts of downwasting of glaciers and provide long-term support to kuhl irrigation system in the Himalayan region in future.

关键词： Kuhl irrigation Glacial resource Karakoram Himalaya Hindu Kush

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An Optimization Approach for Convolutional Neural Network Using Non-Dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm-Ⅱ

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5641-5661页

作者： Afia Zafar muhammad Aamir Nazri Mohd Nawi Ali arshad Saman Riaz Abdulrahman Alruban Ashit Kumar Dutta Badr Almutairi Sultan Almotairi Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn MalaysiaMalaysia School of Electronics Computing and MathematicsUniversity of DerbyUK Department of Computer Science National University of TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Information Systems College of Applied SciencesAlMaarefa UniversityRiyadh13713Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology CollegeMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Natural and Applied Sciences Faculty of Community CollegeMajmaah UniversityMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computer and Information SciencesIslamic University of MadinahMadinah42351Saudi Arabia

In computer vision,convolutional neural networks have a wide range of *** representmost of today’s data,so it’s important to know how to handle these large amounts of data *** neural networks have been shown to solve image processing problems ***,when designing the network structure for a particular problem,you need to adjust the hyperparameters for higher *** technique is time consuming and requires a lot of work and domain *** a convolutional neural network architecture is a classic NP-hard optimization *** the other hand,different datasets require different combinations of models or hyperparameters,which can be time consuming and *** approaches have been proposed to overcome this problem,such as grid search limited to low-dimensional space and queuing by random *** address this issue,we propose an evolutionary algorithm-based approach that dynamically enhances the structure of Convolution Neural Networks(CNNs)using optimized *** study proposes a method using Non-dominated sorted genetic algorithms(NSGA)to improve the hyperparameters of the CNN *** addition,different types and parameter ranges of existing genetic algorithms are *** study was conducted with various state-of-the-art methodologies and *** have shown that our proposed approach is superior to previous methods in terms of classification accuracy,and the results are published in modern computing literature.

关键词： Non-dominated sorted genetic algorithm convolutional neural network hyper-parameter optimization

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Hill Matrix and Radix-64 Bit Algorithm to Preserve Data Confidentiality

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3065-3089页

作者： Ali arshad muhammad Nadeem Saman Riaz Syeda Wajiha Zahra Ashit Kumar Dutta Zaid Alzaid Rana Alabdan Badr Almutairi Sultan Almotairi Department of Computer Science National University of TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Computing Abasyn UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Systems College of Applied SciencesAlMaarefa UniversityRiyadh13713Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer and Information SystemsIslamic university of MadinahMedinah42351Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences CollegeMajmaah University11952Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology CollegeMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah 11952Saudi Arabia Department of Natural and Applied Sciences Faculty of Community CollegeMajmaah UniversityMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia

There are many cloud data security techniques and algorithms available that can be used to detect attacks on cloud data,but these techniques and algorithms cannot be used to protect data from an *** cryptography is the best way to transmit data in a secure and reliable *** researchers have developed various mechanisms to transfer data securely,which can convert data from readable to unreadable,but these algorithms are not sufficient to provide complete data *** algorithm has some data security *** some effective data protection techniques are used,the attacker will not be able to decipher the encrypted data,and even if the attacker tries to tamper with the data,the attacker will not have access to the original *** this paper,various data security techniques are developed,which can be used to protect the data from attackers ***,a customized American Standard Code for Information Interchange(ASCII)table is *** value of each Index is defined in a customized ASCII *** an attacker tries to decrypt the data,the attacker always tries to apply the predefined ASCII table on the Ciphertext,which in a way,can be helpful for the attacker to decrypt the *** that,a radix 64-bit encryption mechanism is used,with the help of which the number of cipher data is doubled from the original *** the number of cipher values is double the original data,the attacker tries to decrypt each *** of getting the original data,the attacker gets such data that has no relation to the original *** that,a Hill Matrix algorithm is created,with the help of which a key is generated that is used in the exact plain text for which it is created,and this Key cannot be used in any other plain *** boundaries of each Hill text work up to that *** techniques used in this paper are compared with those used in various papers and discussed that how far the current algorithm is better than all other algorit

关键词： Cryptography symmetric cipher text encryption matrix cipher encoding decoding hill matrix 64-bit encryption

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Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient to Regulate Feedback Control Systems Using Reinforcement Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 1153-1169页

作者： Jehangir arshad Ayesha Khan Mariam Aftab Mujtaba Hussain Ateeq Ur Rehman Shafiq Ahmad Adel M.Al-Shayea muhammad Shafiq Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadLahore Campus54000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Government College UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Industrial Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Controlling feedback control systems in continuous action spaces has always been a challenging ***,reinforcement learning is mainly an area of artificial intelligence(AI)because it has been used in process control for more than a ***,the existing algorithms are unable to provide satisfactory ***,this research uses a reinforcement learning(RL)algorithm to manage the control *** propose an adaptive speed control of the motor system based on depth deterministic strategy gradient(DDPG).The actor-critic scenario using DDPG is implemented to build the RL *** addition,a framework has been created for traditional feedback control systems to make RL implementation easier for control *** RL algorithms are robust and proficient in using trial and error to search for the best *** proposed algorithm is a deep deterministic policy gradient,in which a large amount of training data trains the *** the system is trained,the agent can automatically adjust the control *** algorithm has been developed using Python 3.6 and the simulation results are evaluated in the MATLAB/Simulink *** performance of the proposed RL algorithm is compared with a proportional integral derivative(PID)controller and a linear quadratic regulator(LQR)*** simulation results of the proposed scheme are promising for the feedback control problems.

关键词： Feedback control systems reinforcement learning artificial intelligence

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A Study of Chinese Government’s Policies in Industrial Pollution Mitigation

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China & World Economy 2005年第6期13卷 110-122页

作者： muhammad arshad Deli Ye Ph.D. （Economics） student at Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Shanghai China Master （Economics） student at Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Shanghai China

China＇s rapid economic growth poses serious concerns over environmental degradation, especially in the context of higher pollution levels resulting from unprecedented industrial activity. It is commonly held that government policies are effective in the form of investment in pollution control and the imposition of a discharge fee on industrial units for the purpose of safety of environmental quality. In this study, we find that government policies do not prove to be successful in controlling air pollution in comparison to water pollution. Furthermore, air pollution is increasing, while water pollution is following a stable, decreasing curve. Hence, some reforms need to be implemented in government policies, particularly those concerning the effectiveness of investment in environmental protection and improving managerial skills in industry.

关键词： industrial air and water pollution government discharge fee government investment expenditure

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Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Eta VOI among international travelers using COVIDSeq-NGS

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第11期15卷 518-521页

作者： Mati Ur Rehman Rooh Ullah Narmeen arshad muhammad Ammad Qurat Ul Ain Anam Razzak muhammad Yousaf Shabana Perween Syed Sajjad Naqvi Tarique N.Hasan Pure Health Laboratory Mafraq HospitalAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Ascencia Business School College de ParisFrance Pure Health Laboratory Mafraq HospitalAbu Dhabi

Rationale:SARS-CoV-2 has been identified as a highly infective and contagious viral *** SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been spread worldwide and affected more than 210 ***,the fast spread of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants has been mostly attributed to international *** concerns:We are reporting the genomic evidence of SARSCoV-2 Eta VOI among two international *** travelers were males from Nigeria aged 24 and 34 years and both were ***:The nasopharyngeal swab samples were in both travelers positive by real-time RT-PCR followed by ***:Paracetamol 3 times daily for 5 ***:Patient recovered completely within 10 days and discharged after 14 days of quarantine ***:This report highlights genomic variation of SARSCoV-2 among the *** managing the present health crisis,molecular identification of viral variants present in different geographical locations will be very helpful.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Eta VOC VOI

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A Quantum Spatial Graph Convolutional Network for Text Classification

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第2期36卷 369-382页

作者： Syed Mustajar Ahmad Shah Hongwei Ge Sami Ahmed Haider muhammad Irshad Sohail M.Noman Jehangir arshad Asfandeyar Ahmad Talha Younas College of Computer Science and Technology Dalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China Department of Computing University of WorcesterUK Department of Information Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou515041China Electrical and Computer Engineering Department COMSATS University IslamabadLahore CampusPakistan School of Information&Communication Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024China Electrical and Computer Engineering Department COMSATS University IslamabadSahiwal CampusPakistan

The data generated from non-Euclidean domains and its graphical representation(with complex-relationship object interdependence)applications has observed an exponential *** sophistication of graph data has posed consequential obstacles to the existing machine learning *** this study,we have considered a revamped version of a semi-supervised learning algorithm for graph-structured data to address the issue of expanding deep learning approaches to represent the graph ***,the quantum information theory has been applied through Graph Neural Networks(GNNs)to generate Riemannian metrics in closed-form of several graph *** further,to pre-process the adjacency matrix of graphs,a new formulation is established to incorporate high order *** proposed scheme has shown outstanding improvements to overcome the deficiencies in Graph Convolutional Network(GCN),particularly,the information loss and imprecise information representation with acceptable computational ***,the proposed Quantum Graph Convolutional Network(QGCN)has significantly strengthened the GCN on semi-supervised node classification *** parallel,it expands the generalization process with a significant difference by making small random perturbationsG of the graph during the training *** evaluation results are provided on three benchmark datasets,including Citeseer,Cora,and PubMed,that distinctly delineate the superiority of the proposed model in terms of computational accuracy against state-of-the-art GCN and three other methods based on the same algorithms in the existing literature.

关键词： Text classiﬁcation deep learning graph convolutional networks semi-supervised learning GPUs performance improvements

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The electronic and magnetic properties of wurtzite Mn：CdS, Cr：CdS and Mn：Cr：CdS： first principles calculations

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Journal of Semiconductors 2017年第7期38卷 36-43页

作者： Azeem Nabi Zarmeena Akhtar Tahir Iqbal Atif Ali muhammad arshad Javid Department of Physics University of Gujrat Gujrat Pakistan Department of Basic Sciences (Physics) University of Engineering and Technology Taxila Pakistan

In this article, density functional theory（DFT） based on generalized gradient approximation（GGA）and GGACU, U is Hubbard term, is used to study the electronic properties of CdS doped with different dopants（Cr, Mn）. The calculations are carried out for Mn-doped CdS, Cr-doped CdS, and co-doping of Mn/Cr in CdS simultaneously. It is found that hopping of electrons is possible with Cr：CdS and Mn：Cr：CdS while Mn：CdS does not allow the hopping of electrons. Moreover, double exchange interactions are observed in Cr：CdS and d-d superexchange interactions are observed in Mn：CdS. Now the problem becomes interesting when one magnetic ion（Cr） supporting double exchange interactions and another ion（Mn） supporting d-d super-exchange interactions are doped simultaneously in the same system（CdS）. The co-doped CdS is more stable even at high Curie temperature due to p-d double exchange interactions and d-d super exchange interactions. Furthermore, the Cr-3d and Mn-3d states present in-between the band gap are responsible for inner shell transitions and hence for optical ***, the co-doped system is taken into account to enhance its applications in the field of spintronic and magneto-optical devices.

关键词： wurtzite first principles density functional theory

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NS1 antigen: A new beam of light in the early diagnosis of dengue infection

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第12期9卷 1187-1189页

作者： muhammad Suleman Rani Faryal muhammad Masroor Alam Salmaan Sharif Shahzad Shaukat Uzma Bashir Aamir Adnan Khurshid Mehar Angez Massab Umair Mian muhammad Sufian Yasir arshad Ghulam Mujtaba Syed Sohail Zahoor Zaidi Department of Microbiology Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Virology National Institute of Health

Objective: To evaluate NS1 antigen detection ELISA for the early laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection. Methods: The present study was conducted to evaluate the overall positivity of NS1 antigen detection ELISA and its comparison with viral RNA detection via real time PCR and Ig M antibodies detection by ELISA. Results: A total of 1 270 serum samples were tested 86%(1 097/1 270) were detected positive by one or more than one diagnostic test. Out of 1 270, 64%(807/1 270) were positive by NS1 ELISA and 52%(662/1 270), 51%(646/1 270) were positive by real-time RT-PCR and Ig M ELISA ***: NS1 antigen detection ELISA is highly suitable diagnostic tools and it also has great value for use in outbreak and epidemic situation.

关键词： Dengue Pakistan Epidemiology ELISA NS1 Antigen

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Carbon-supported PtCo_2Ni_2 alloy with enhanced activity and stability for oxygen reduction

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Science China Materials 2015年第3期58卷 179-185页

作者：郑亚荣高敏锐李会会高强 muhammad Nadeem arshad Hassan A.Albar Tariq R.Sobahi 俞书宏 Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at MicroscaleCollaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologyDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research King Abdulaziz University Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz University

The commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs) is still restricted by the well-known dilemma,that is,the heavy dependence of using expensive plantinum(Pt) catalyst to negotiate the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) kinetics in fuel cell ***,a carbon-supported PtC o2Ni2 alloy catalyst with low Pt usage was synthesized via a simple method,which exhibited exceptional ORR activity with a more positive half-wave potential(E1/2) ~57 m V,which was more positive than the state-of-the-art Pt/C ***,the alloy catalyst performs excellent durability after 10,000 harsh cycles compared with that of Pt/C catalyst in acidic solution,which may be developed as a promising alternative for Ptbased catalysts in fuel cell technology.

关键词：合金催化剂 Pt ORR Ni Co HRTEM

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