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Materials Sciences and Applications 2014年第8期5卷 568-578页

作者： muhammad rifai Hiroyuki Miyamoto Hiroshi Fujiwara Department of Mechanical Engineering Doshisha University Kyoto Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering Doshisha University Kyoto Japan

The effect of the deformation route on the microstructure, and the mechanical and electrochemical properties of low CN Fe-20%Cr alloy by equal channel angular pressing, have been investigated focusing on the anisotropy of the microstructure. This alloy was pressed at 423 K from one, two and four passes via routes A, Bc and C, and the microstructure was observed in three orthogonal planes. As has been acknowledged, overall grain fragmentation proceeded most effectively in route Bc. However, the degree of anisotropy of microstructural development was different among the three deformation routes. The fractions of the high angle grain boundary and mean grain boundary misorientation were high and nearly isotropic in route Bc, whereas they were consi- derably low in one direction and highly anisotropic in routes A and C. Most importantly, those two parameters were the highest in route C if limited to the transverse direction (Y-plane), i.e. normal to both the insert and extruding directions. This result contrasted with FCC materials, which was reported by most papers having the highest fraction of high angle grain boundary (HAGB) in route Bc. Ultrafine grained structure with the highest HAGB on Y-plane in route C exhibited the most stabilized corrosion behavior.

关键词： Equal Channel Angular Processing Grain Boundaries Anisotropy Pitting Corrosion Tafel

Microstructural Development of Fe-20mass%Cr Alloys and Pure Copper Processed by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2013年第4期4卷 250-257页

作者： muhammad rifai Ryosuke Haga Hiroyuki Miyamoto Hiroshi Fujiwara Department of Mechanical Engineering Doshisha University Kyoto Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering Doshisha University Kyoto Japan

Microstructural development of ultra low C, N, Fe-Cr alloy and pure copper processed by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) have been examined focusing on the initial stage of the formation of ultrafine grain structure. Fe-Cr alloys were pressed at 423 K while pure copper at room temperature for 1 to 3 passes via the route Bc to compare at the equivalent homologous temperature. Microstructural evolutions were characterized by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) image and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that deformation structures were mostly deformation-induced subboundaries in both the materials after one pass, but the fraction of high-angle grain boundary became higher in the Fe-Cr alloys than in pure copper in subsequent passes by increasing misorientation of the boundaries. The more enhanced formation of high angle boundaries in Fe-Cr alloys was discussed in terms of the nature of crystal slip of FCC and BCC structures.

关键词： EBSD Copper Ferritic Stainless Steel Equal-Channel Angular Processing (ECAP) Grain Boundaries

Leptomeningeal metastases in prostate cancer:A review of the current literature

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Current Urology 2024年第3期18卷 159-166页

作者： Umar Durrani Kasem rifai Maha Arshad Awais Paracha Ekamjit Deol Maria Paracha Fatima Waheed Zohair Siddiqui Ali Abid Esed Mustafic Wilson Rodriguez Zachary Hamilton Saint Louis University School of Medicine Saint LouisMOUSA University of Missouri School of Medicine ColumbiaMOUSA University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVAUSA New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine Old WestburyNYUSA Saint Louis University Saint LouisMOUSA Department of Neurology Saint Louis University School of MedicineSaint LouisMOUSA Division of Urology Department of SurgerySaint Louis University School of MedicineSaint LouisMOUSA

Leptomeningeal metastasis/leptomeningeal carcinomatosis(LMC;terms used interchangeably)is an inflammatory complication of primary tumors that involves the spread of the disease to the meninges(specifically the arachnoid and pia maters)and spinal *** the United States,approximately 110,000 new cases are diagnosed each year,and the prognosis is usually *** of LMC include cognitive impairment,cranial nerve dysfunction,ischemic stroke,and *** survival times of untreated and treated LMC are approximately 4–6 weeks and 2–4 months,*** carcinomatoses are usually metastatic cancers that spread to the central nervous *** lung and breast cancers have a clearly defined relationship with LMC,it remains unclear whether prostate cancer(PC)is also directly associated with *** determine whether such association exists,we conducted a PubMed review of the literature on patients with PC with coexisting *** search yielded 23 case reports of patients with preexisting PC who developed *** addition,2 retrospective cohort studies were *** findings were identified in the revised cases and *** first 3 findings were related to the progression of the disease:patients presenting with neurological disease symptoms were in remission from PC for 7 years on average,LMCs tended to occur after other cancer diagnoses,and the disease had already rapidly progressed by the time the symptoms were *** diagnosis,the major finding was that most LMCs were detected by magnetic resonance imaging(which does not detect early dissemination),and it was suggested that single-photon emission computed tomography or positron emission tomography imaging could be used for earlier ***,in terms of treatment,the main finding was that treatment was palliative rather than curative and that prognosis remained poor despite *** the basis of these results,we recommend for individuals with risk facto

关键词： Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis Prostate cancer Prostate cancer metastasis

Microstructure evolution of a recycled Al-Fe-Si-Cu alloy processed by tube channel pressing

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第10期25卷 1166-1172页

作者： M.H.Farshidi M.rifai H.Miyamoto Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Department of Mechanical Engineering Doshisha University

Although excellent recyclability is one of the advantages of Al alloys, a recycling process can reduce different properties of these alloys by adding coarse AlFeSi particles into the alloys' microstructures. One of the well-known methods for modifying the microstructure of metallic materials is the imposition of severe plastic deformation(SPD). Nevertheless, the microstructure evolutions of recycled Al alloys containing extraordinary fractions of AlFeSi particles during SPD processing have seldom been considered. The aim of the present work is to study the microstructure evolution of a recycled Al–Fe–Si–Cu alloy during SPD processing. For this purpose, tubular specimens of the mentioned alloy were subjected to different numbers of passes of a recently developed SPD process called tube channel pressing(TCP); their microstructures were then studied using different techniques. The results show that coarse AlFeSi particles are fragmented into finer particles after processing by TCP. However, decomposition and dissolution of AlFeSi particles through TCP processing are negligible. In addition, TCP processing results in an increase in hardness of the alloy, which is attributed to the refinement of grains, to an increase of the dislocation density, and to the fragmentation of AlFeSi particles.

关键词： AlFeSi intermetallic particle severe plastic deformation microstructure tube channel pressing

Health problems among street children seeking care in the Center for Social and Preventive Medicine in Egypt

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第5期13卷 503-507页

作者： Hoda Ibrahim Rizk Nihal Mohamed El rifai Hana Mohamed Aboulghar Public Health and Community Medicine Department Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt Pediatrics Department Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt

Background:In Egypt,around 1 million children are on the *** children's health is an issue that is not well *** objective of the current study was to determine the health problems of a targeted group of street children seeking medical care and to generate a hypothesis about the positive/negative role of street children care ***:A cross-sectional study was done on 2169 street children who sought medical care at El-Basma clinic at the Center for Social and Preventive Medicine in Cairo University Children Hospital from January 2011 to July ***:Respiratory illnesses and skin problems were the most prevalent conditions,affecting 485 (22.4%) and 359 (16.6%) of the patients,*** issues and trauma were significantly higher among the adolescent *** and gastrointestinal problems were significantly higher among children aged less than 2 *** and cardiac problems were significantly higher among those referred from organizations whereas trauma was significantly higher among those coming directly from the streets.A significant proportion of children at the extremes of the studied age spectrum were coming directly from the *** transmitted infections were rare ***:Respiratory and skin diseases were the major morbidity problems among street children,especially adolescent *** afforded opportunities for access to different health care services.

关键词： Egypt health problems street children

Solriamfetol impurities:Synthesis,characterization,and analytical method(UPLC-UV)validation

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第4期13卷 403-411页

作者： Nafisah Al-rifai Anas Alshishani Fouad Darras Ola Taha Shereen Abu-Jalloud Lena Shaghlil Yousef Al-Ebini Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering Department School of Medical SciencesGerman Jordanian UniversityAmmanJordan Faculty of Pharmacy Zarqa UniversityZarqaJordan Research and Development Department Resonance Research LabAmmanJordan Department of Pharmaceutics College of PharmacyKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

Given that impurities may affect the quality and safety of drug products,impurity identification and profiling is an integral part of drug quality control and is particularly important for newly developed medications such as solriamfetol,which is used to treat excessive daytime *** the highperformance liquid chromatography analysis of commercial solriamfetol has revealed the presence of several impurities,their synthesis,structure elucidation,and chromatographic determination have not been reported *** bridge this gap,we herein identified,synthesized,and isolated eight processrelated solriamfetol impurities,characterized them using spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques,and proposed plausible mechanisms of their ***,we developed and validated a prompt impurity analysis method based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection,revealing that its selectivity,linearity,accuracy,precision,and quantitation limit meet the acceptance criteria of method validation stipulated by the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human ***,the developed method was concluded to be suitable for the routine analysis of solriamfetol substances.

关键词： Solriamfetol Impurity analysis Impurity synthesis UPLC Method validation

The utility of CRP in cardiovascular disease risk assessment

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The utility of CRP in cardiovascular disease risk assessment

Health Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation

中华医学会第八次全国检验医学学术会议暨中华医学会检验分会成立30周年庆典大会

作者： Nader rifai Children’s Hospital & Harvard Medical School BostonMAUSA.Ph.D

Coronary heart disease(CHD) is one of the leading causes of death in the *** 60%of those who develop a coronary event,have either one or none of the traditional risk *** the past decade,numerous epidemiologic studies ...

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2014年第8期2卷 1-12页

作者： Awn B. rifai Majed A. Hakami Department of Information and Communication Technologies Arab Open University Jeddah KSA

Electrical energy enters into the operation of a myriad industrial, scientific, medical, community and house equipment and appliances. The accompanying electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are partially transformed into radiation that affects human health. This research investigates the potential health hazards of radiation emanating from electric power lines. The research is based on studies by research organizations and on practical field measurements. The study includes investigation of electromagnetic radiation from high-voltage electric lines in inhabited areas in an urban environment, and provides some measurements in test locations in a typical city. The results are benchmarked against recommended safety levels.

关键词： Keywords Electromagnetic Radiation Environment Health

First United Arab Emirates consensus on diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel diseases:A 2020 Delphi consensus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第43期26卷 6710-6769页

作者： Maryam Alkhatry Ahmad Al-rifai Vito Annese Filippos Georgopoulos Ahmad N Jazzar Ahmed M Khassouan Zaher Koutoubi Rahul Nathwani Mazen S Taha Jimmy K Limdi Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Department Ibrahim Bin Hamad Obaid Allah HospitalMinistry of Health and PreventionRas Al KhaimanUnited Arab Emirates Department of Gastroenterology Sheikh Shakbout Medical CityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Department of Gastroenterology Valiant ClinicDubaiUnited Arab Emirates Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy American HospitalDubaiUnited Arab Emirates Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Al Zahra HospitalDubaiUnited Arab Emirates Gastroenterology Division Sheikh Khalifa Medical CityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Digestive Disease Unit Rashid HospitalDubaiUnited Arab Emirates Digestive Disease Institute Cleveland ClinicAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Department of Gastroenterology Mediclinic City HospitalDubaiUnited Arab Emirates Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tawam HospitalAl AinUnited Arab Emirates Department of Gastroenterology The Pennine Acute Hospitals NHS TrustManchester Academic Health SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchester M85RBUnited Kingdom

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are the main entities of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by chronic remittent inflammation of the gastrointestinal *** incidence and prevalence are on the rise worldwide,and the heterogeneity between patients and within individuals over time is *** progressive advance in our understanding of the etiopathogenesis coupled with an unprecedented increase in therapeutic options have changed the management towards evidence-based interventions by clinicians with *** guideline was stimulated and supported by the Emirates Gastroenterology and Hepatology Society following a systematic review and a Delphi consensus process that provided evidence-and expert opinion-based *** up-to-date guidance is provided regarding diagnosis,evaluation of disease severity,appropriate and timely use of different investigations,choice of appropriate therapy for induction and remission phase according to disease severity,and management of main complications.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Infliximab Adalimumab Vedolizumab Ustekinumab Tofacitinib

Development of Co-agglutination Method for Viral Nervous Necrosis from Grouper （Epinephelus sp,） in Batam

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2015年第7期5卷 502-505页

作者： Surya Amanu Achmad Bahtiar rifai Ashari Syarief Miftahul Fikar Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta 560862 Indonesia Batam Fish Quarantine and Inspection Agency Batam 29464 Indonesia Jambi Fish Quarantine and Inspection Agency Jambi 36139 Indonesia

Viral nervous necrosis （VNN） has been reported to infect larvae and juvenile of humpback grouper, and until now, this virus is one of main problem for humpback grouper. Co-agglutination test proved to be a simple, rapid and reliable diagnostic test suitable for use in the field or laboratory without any special apparatus. The study aimed to study application of a co-agglutination test using Staphylococci sensitized with specific antibody for the diagnostic of VNN in grouper. First, brain and eye organ samples from diseased fish are homogenized with phosphate buffer saline （PBS） of pH 7.2. Then, the supernatant is collected after centrifugation at 8,000 rpm for 20 min, and finally one drop of the supematant and one drop of anti VNN antibody sensitized Staphylococci suspension are mixed on a glass slid and observation of the agglutination is performed after 5-10 min. The result shows that co-agglutination technique detects positive VNN in the brain and eye samples. The co-agglutination technique may provide valid result in a very short time as compared with complex method, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbant essay （ELISA） and fluorescient antibody technique （FAT） that require a high cost. Thus, this test can detect VNN faster, simple and more economic.

关键词： Co-agglutination VNN grouper.