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Local Criteria Used by Farmers to Evaluate the Agronomic Performance and the Fertilizing Capacity of Cowpea Varieties: Diversity, Variability and Proximal Relation with Agronomic Measurements in Contrasted Sahelian Locations

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 114-131页

作者： Nouhou Salifou Jangorzo Abdoul-aziz Saïdou Abou-Soufianou Sadda Abdoulaye Moussa Mamoudou Hassane Bil-Assanou Issoufou Département des Sciences du Sol et Télédétection Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi Maradi Niger. Unité Mixte de Recherche “Diversité et Adaptation des Plantes” (UMR DAP) Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi Maradi Niger Centre Imaan de Support en Recherche Transdisciplinaire (Imaan Research) Niamey Niger Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Niamey Niger Université Boubacar BA de Tillabéri Tillabéri Niger Département des Sciences et Techniques de Productions Végétales Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi Maradi Niger

When contributing to participatory research, farmers usually appreciate the performance of cowpea varieties using qualitative scores. The score they attribute to each variety are based on local knowledge. The specific criteria they individually use to attribute a score are not well described. The objectives of this work were to: 1) identify and describe exhaustively the local criteria used by farmers to measure the agronomic performance of cowpea;2) assess the variability and statistical structure of these farmer criteria across local contexts;3) and analyze the association between these farmer criteria and the classical agronomic measurement. To achieve these objectives, an augmented block design was implemented across fifteen locations in the regions of Maradi, Dosso and Tillabéri, representing a diversity of local contexts. From a set of 36 cowpea varieties, fifteen varieties were sown per location, including five varieties (controls) common to all locations. In each location, two replicates were sown in randomized Fisher’s blocks. After agronomic measurement and participatory evaluation (scoring of varieties by farmers), a group survey (focus group) was conducted in each location to identify the criteria considered by farmers to found their discretional scoring of varieties during the participatory evaluation. The analysis of the data identified, across locations, thirteen criteria defined by farmers to characterize the agronomic performance of cowpea. Some of these criteria were different according to location. Farmers ranked the three varieties with the best performance for each agronomical trait (Top 3 varieties). A comparison of the farmer ranking with the ranking based on agronomic measurements revealed similarity and complementary between both methods. This study highlighted the importance of considering both local and scientific knowledge in local varietal evaluations.

关键词： Agronomic Performance Participatory Research Cowpea Farmers’ Criteria

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Structural,electrical,dielectric and magnetic properties of Mn-Nd substituted CoFeO3 nano sized multiferroics

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2016年第4期26卷 325-333页

作者： Abdul aziz E.Ahmed muhammad Naeem Ashiq muhammad Azhar Khan Nazia Karamat Irshad Ali Department of Physics Bahauddin Zakariya University Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya University Department of Physics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya University

A series of Mn x Co1-xFe1-yNdyO3（where x=0.0–1.0 & y=0.0–0.1） multiferroic nanocrystals was synthesized via sol-gel auto-combustion technique. The structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction（XRD）while morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The electrical resistivity was observed to increase from 2.14 * 10～7 to 8.77 * 10～9 Ω-cm and activation energy was found to increase from 0.64 to 0.75 e V, while the drift mobility decreased from 4.75 * 10-13to 1.27 * 10-15cm2V-1S-1by the substitution of Mn and Nd contents. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss and dielectric loss factor decrease with frequency and Mn-Nd contents. The saturation magnetization was increased from 34 to 70 emu g-1while the coercivity decreased from 705 to 262 Oe with the increase of *** increase in electrical resistivity and saturation magnetization while decrease in dielectric parameters and coercivity make these nanomaterials suitable for applications in microwave devices and longitudinal magnetic recording media.

关键词： Nanostructured materials XRD Dielectric properties Electrical properties Magnetic properties

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A Real-Time Automatic Translation of Text to Sign Language

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2471-2488页

作者： muhammad Sanaullah Babar Ahmad muhammad Kashif Tauqeer Safdar Mehdi Hassan Mohd Hilmi Hasan Norshakirah aziz Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Air UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Centre for Research in Data Science Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversitiTeknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia

Communication is a basic need of every human being;by this,they can learn,express their feelings and exchange their ideas,but deaf people cannot listen and *** communication,they use various hands gestures,also known as Sign Language(SL),which they learn from special *** normal people have not taken SL classes;therefore,they are unable to perform signs of daily routine sentences(e.g.,what are the specifications of this mobile phone?).A technological solution can facilitate in overcoming this communication gap by which normal people can communicate with deaf *** paper presents an architecture for an application named Sign4PSL that translates the sentences to Pakistan Sign Language(PSL)for deaf people with visual representation using virtual signing *** research aims to develop a generic independent application that is lightweight and reusable on any platform,including web and mobile,with an ability to perform offline text *** Sign4PSL relies on a knowledge base that stores both corpus of PSL Words and their coded form in the notation ***4PSL takes English language text as an input,performs the translation to PSL through sign language notation and displays gestures to the user using virtual *** system is tested on deaf students at a special *** results have shown that the students were able to understand the story presented to them appropriately.

关键词： Sign language sign markup language deaf communication hamburg notations machine translation

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Dynamical Analysis of Radiation and Heat Transfer on MHD Second Grade Fluid

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第11期129卷 689-703页

作者： aziz-Ur-Rehman muhammad Bilal Riaz Syed Tauseef Saeed Shaowen Yao Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologyLahore54770Pakistan Institute for Groundwater Studies(IGS) University of the Free StateBloemfontein9301South Africa Department of Science&Humanities National University of Computer and Emerging SciencesLahore54000Pakistan School of Mathematics and Information Science Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454000China

Convective flow is a self-sustained flow with the effect of the temperature *** density is non-uniform due to the variation of *** effect of the magnetic flux plays a major role in convective *** process of heat transfer is accompanied by a mass transfer process;for instance,condensation,evaporation,and chemical *** to the applications of the heat and mass transfer combined effects in a different field,the main aim of this paper is to do a comprehensive analysis of heat and mass transfer of MHD unsteady second-grade fluid in the presence of ramped boundary conditions near a porous *** dynamical analysis of heat transfer is based on classical differentiation with no memory *** non-dimensional form of the governing equations of the model is *** are solved by the classical integral(Laplace)transform technique/method with the convolution theorem and closed-form solutions are attained for temperature,concentration,and *** physical aspects of distinct parameters are discussed via graph to see the influence on the fluid concentration,velocity,and *** results suggest that the velocity profile decrease by increasing the Prandtl *** existence of a Prandtl number may reflect the control of the thickness of momentum and enlargement of thermal ***,to validate our results,some results are recovered from the literature.

关键词： Heat transfer magnetic effect ramped conditions porous medium Laplace transform thermal radiation

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Seasonal Performance of Solar Power Plants in the Sahel Region: A Study in Senegal, West Africa

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2024年第2期15卷 79-97页

作者： Serigne Abdoul aziz Niang Mamadou Simina Drame Astou Sarr Mame Diarra Toure Ahmed Gueye Seydina Oumar Ndiaye Kharouna Talla FST D&#233partement de Physique Universit&#233 Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar S&#233n&#233gal Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Siméon Fongang Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the seasonal performance of 20 MW solar power plants in Senegal. The analysis revealed notable seasonal variations in the performance of all stations. The most significant yields are recorded in spring, autumn and winter, with values ranging from 5 to 7.51 kWh/kWp/day for the reference yield and 4.02 to 7.58 kWh/kWp/day for the final yield. These fluctuations are associated with intense solar activity during the dry season and clear skies, indicating peak production. Conversely, minimum values are recorded during the rainy season from June to September, with a final yield of 3.86 kWh/kW/day due to dust, clouds and high temperatures. The performance ratio analysis shows seasonal dynamics throughout the year with rates ranging from 77.40% to 95.79%, reinforcing reliability and optimal utilization of installed capacity. The results of the capacity factor vary significantly, with March, April, May, and sometimes October standing out as periods of optimal performance, with 16% for Kahone, 16% for Bokhol, 18% for Malicounda and 23% for Sakal. Total losses from solar power plants show similar seasonal trends standing out for high loss levels from June to July, reaching up to 3.35 kWh/kWp/day in June. However, using solar trackers at Sakal has increased production by up to 25%, demonstrating the operational stability of this innovative technology compared with the plants fixed panel. Finally, comparing these results with international studies confirms the outstanding efficiency of Senegalese solar power plants, other installations around the world.

关键词： Performance Study Photovoltaic Power Plant Season Variations Senegal

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Long-term manure application increased soil organic carbon and nitrogen mineralization through accumulation of unprotected and physically protected carbon fractions

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Pedosphere 2023年第2期33卷 343-354页

作者： muhammad Nadeem ASHRAF Cheng HU Xiangru XU Tariq aziz Lei WU muhammad Ahmed WAQAS muhammad FAROOQ Xu HU Wenju ZHANG Minggang XU Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081(China) Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040(Pakistan) Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science Hubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430064(China) Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of AgricultureFaisalabadSub-Campus DepalpurOkara 56130(Pakistan) Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081(China) Department of Plant Sciences College of Agricultural and Marine SciencesSultan Qaboos UniversityAl-Khoud 123(Oman) Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources Engineer and Technology Academy of Ecology and EnvironmentShanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuan 030031(China)

Soil organic carbon(SOC)and nitrogen(N)mineralization are important biogeochemical processes associated with soil *** processes are influenced by physically,chemically,and biologically stabilized SOC fractions,the mechanisms of which are not well *** present study was conducted to evaluate the combined effect of manure and mineral fertilizers on the contents of SOC fractions to promote the mineralization of SOC and *** included:i)no fertilizer control(CK);ii)a combination of mineral N,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers(NPK);iii)manure alone(M);iv)manure combined with NPK(MNPK);and v)a high dose of manure combined with NPK(hMNPK).The combined uses of manure and mineral fertilizers(MNPK and hMNPK)enhanced the accumulation of the unprotected coarse particulate organic carbon(C)fraction(cPOC)by 44%-72%compared to *** applications(M,MNPK and hMNPK)enhanced physically microaggregate-protected organic C(μagg),physicochemically protected organic C within the microaggregate-derived silt(μsilt)fraction(H-μsilt),and physicobiochemically protected organic C within theμsilt fraction(NH-μsilt)by 30%-56%,62%-150%,and 27%-51%,*** contrast,all chemically and biochemically protected SOC fractions showed a minor response to manure *** of cPOC,μagg,H-μsilt,and physicochemically protected organic C within the microaggregate-derived clay fraction(H-μclay)significantly contributed to the mineralization of SOC and N,resulting in a significant increase in rice grain yield with long-term manure *** summary,long-term combined use of manure and mineral fertilizers improved SOC accumulation in unprotected and physically protected fractions,which enhanced SOC and N mineralization and benefited soil productivity in a rice-wheat cropping system.

关键词： fertilization strategy grain yield organic C fraction organic matter stabilization protection mechanism

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Optimization of moderator assembly for neutron flux measurement:experimental and theoretical approaches

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2017年第5期28卷 7-12页

作者： Abdul Waheed Nawab Ali Muzahir A.Baloch aziz A.Qureshi Eid A.Munem muhammad Usman Rajput Tauseef Jamal Wazir muhammad Radiation Physics Laboratory Physics DepartmentCOMSATS Institute of Information Technology(CIIT)

A moderator of paraffin wax assembly has been demonstrated where its thickness can be optimized to thermalize fast neutrons. The assembly is used for measuring fast neutron flux of a neutron probe at different neutron energies, using BF03(U10and 200) and3He(U0.500)neutron detectors. The paraffin wax thickness was optimized at 6 cm for the neutron probe which contains an Am–Be neutron source. The experimental data are compared with Monte Carlo simulation results using MCNP5 version 1.4. Neutron flux comparison and neutron activation techniques are used for measuring neutron flux of the neutron probe to validate the optimum paraffin moderator thickness in the assembly. The neutron fluxes are measured at(1.17 ± 0.09) 9 105 and(1.19 ± 0.1) 9 105n/s, being in agreement with the simulated values. The moderator assembly can easily be utilized for essential requirements of neutron flux measurements.

关键词： Am–Be and 252Cf neutron sources BF3&3He detectors Paraffin wax Neutron flux Monte Carlo simulation

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Cartesian Product Based Transfer Learning Implementation for Brain Tumor Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 4369-4392页

作者： Irfan Ahmed Usmani muhammad Tahir Qadri Razia Zia Asif aziz Farheen Saeed Electronic Engineering Department Sir Syed University of Engineering&TechnologyKarachi75300Pakistan Department of Computer Science Bahria University Karachi CampusKarachi75260Pakistan Christus Trinity Clinic TexasUSA

Knowledge-based transfer learning techniques have shown good performance for brain tumor classification,especially with small ***,to obtain an optimized model for targeted brain tumor classification,it is challenging to select a pre-trained deep learning(DL)model,optimal values of hyperparameters,and optimization algorithm(solver).This paper first presents a brief review of recent literature related to brain tumor ***,a robust framework for implementing the transfer learning technique is *** the proposed framework,a Cartesian product matrix is generated to determine the optimal values of the two important hyperparameters:batch size and learning *** extensive exercise consisting of 435 simulations for 11 state-of-the-art pre-trained DL models was performed using 16 paired hyperparameters from the Cartesian product matrix to input the model with the three most popular solvers(stochastic gradient descent with momentum(SGDM),adaptive moment estimation(ADAM),and root mean squared propagation(RMSProp)).The 16 pairs were formed using individual hyperparameter values taken from literature,which generally addressed only one hyperparameter for optimization,rather than making a grid for a particular *** proposed framework was assessed using a multi-class publicly available dataset consisting of glioma,meningioma,and pituitary *** assessment shows that ResNet18 outperforms all other models in terms of accuracy,precision,specificity,and recall(sensitivity).The results are also compared with existing state-of-the-art research work that used the same *** comparison was mainly based on performance metric“accuracy”with support of three other parameters“precision,”“recall,”and“specificity.”The comparison shows that the transfer learning technique,implemented through our proposed framework for brain tumor classification,outperformed all existing *** the best of our knowledge,the proposed framework is a

关键词： Deep transfer learning Cartesian product hyperparameter optimization magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) brain tumor classification

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Slippery Photothermal Trap for Outstanding Deicing Surfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2021年第3期18卷 548-558页

作者： muhammad Imran Jamil Qiongyan Wang Amjad Ali Munir Hussain Tariq aziz Xiaoli Zhan Qinghua Zhang Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Zhejiang Sucon Silicone Co. Ltd.ShaoxingShaoxing 312000China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou Quzhou 324000China

Ice accumulation is a safety and operational threat in power lines,wind turbines,and *** having both passive anti-icing and active deicing functionalities are very ***,we report a self-cleaning slippery photothermal trap,which is icephobic passively and deice the surfaces actively by converting sun light to heat at the ice-substrate *** photothermal trap consists of three layers:a candle soot layer act as solar radiation absorber,a magnetic iron oxide Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles layer act as heat spreader for lateral dispersal of sun light,and Room Temperature Vulcanized(RTV)insulation to reduce the transverse heat *** illumination under microsolar 300,the temperature of the surface increased by 40℃ within 200 *** heat confinement at the magnetic Fe_(3)O_(4) na-noparticles layer leads to rapid increase of the surface temperature,ice start to melt and silicone lubricant facilitates the ice *** slippery photothermal trap removed the frozen droplet(10 fiL)within 40 s upon the illumination of sun light and the frozen droplet was completely converted into water after 7 min illumination of solar light at-20℃.The developed slippery photothermal trap also melted the fully frost covered layer within 100 s at-20℃ under *** average defrosted length(25 mm)was also observed by irradiation of laser light for 45 *** self-cleaning slippery photothermal coating showed outstanding deicing performance at subzero temperature for long term due to the infusion of silicone oil into the nanostructures and same chemical composition with binder.

关键词： slippery photothermal trap candle soot iron oxide nanoparticles icephobic self-cleaning

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Impact of Tillage and Herbicides on Weed Density, Yield and Quality of Cotton in Wheat Based Cropping System

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第9期12卷 1568-1579页

作者： Khalid Usman Niamatullah Khan muhammad Umar Khan aziz ur Rehman Said Ghulam Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureGomal University Department of Agriculture Chemistry Faculty of AgricultureGomal University Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences Faculty of AgricultureGomal University

Conservation tillage may improve yield of cotton in addition to improvement in soil quality if practiced for longer period. However, the practice may not be productive in short-term particularly when severe weeds are infesting the crops such as Cynodon dactylon, Conyza canadensis, Tribulus terrestris, and Cyperus rotundus, etc. Recent studies indicate that conventional tillage （CT） is more productive than zero tillage （ZT）/reduced tillage （RT）. Performance of cotton under three tillage systems, viz., ZT, RT and CT; and five herbicides, i.e., haloxyfop-R-methyl 10.8 EC （108 g a.i. ha^-1）, lactofen 24 EC （168 g a.i. ha^-1）, haloxyfop 10.8 EC ＋ lactofen 24 EC, hand weeding, and weedy check were evaluated during 2010-2011 at Gomal University, ***, Pakistan, to explore the best management option for effective weed control, enhanced yield and quality of cotton grown after wheat. The results revealed that hand weeding and Haloxyfop as post emergence alone or in combination with Lactofen reduced weed density to the minimum irrespective of the tillage systems. Excessive rainfall and cooler temperature limited cotton growth and yield in 2010. The adverse weather conditions had more adverse effect on boll weight under ZT and RT than CT. Haloxyfop ＋ lactofen produced higher seed cotton yield in RT than ZT, however, it could not exceed CT. Broad-spectrum herbicides x CT produced the highest number of bolls/plant, boll weight and seed cotton yield. Fiber quality and net returns were also the highest in broad-spectrum herbicides x CT. In conclusion, broad-spectrum herbicides under CT were more productive in wheat based cropping system on silty clay soil of ***.

关键词： tillage herbicide cotton seed cotton yield weed density net return

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