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Associated Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Disease in Three Sites across Ivory Coast: An Urban (Cocody), Peri-Urban (Abobo) and Rural (Yocoboué) Area

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第5期12卷 462-478页

作者： Nina Laurette Ahouéfa Ibrahima Cissé Lêniféré Chantal Soro Audrey herbert Yépié Jean Jacques Diagou Jean-Baptiste Kouamé Yao Louise Anin Atchibri Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety Department of Food Science and Technology University of Nanguy Abrogoua Abidjan Ivory Coast Laboratory of Industrial Process Synthesis and Environment and new energies National Polytehnic Institute of Houphou&#235 t Boigny Yamoussoukro Ivory Coast Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety University of Man Man Ivory Coast

Introduction: The prevalence of Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has increased so it’s becoming a global public health problem. This problem is also threatening in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) country including Ivory Coast. Ivory Coast is a country of 22.6 million people experiencing rapid economic development and social change. All development is typically associated with an increase in non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of the major risk factors of NCDs among the population of Cocody, Abobo and Yocoboué in the Ivory Coast. Methods: A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted and involved 1146 adults of 19 to 60 years from general population in Cocody (urban), Abob (peri-urban) and Yocoboué (rural). The WHO STEPS risk factor survey has been changed a bit and was administered. it contains anthropometric and biochemical measures. Results: The prevalence of NCD risk factors was markedly different across the three sites particularly between urban (Cocody) and rural (Yocoboué) areas. The overall prevalence estimates of the risk factors were 15.2% for current smoking, 57.71% for harmful use of alcohol, 58.84% for low physical activity, 24.71% for sedentariness (sitting at least 7 h), 69.45% for skipping breakfast, 61% for having late dinner and 36% for snacking. Concerning biological risk factor we noticed 40.95% for Overweight/obesity, 52.96% for abdominal obesity, 14.61% for raised blood pressure, 23.37% for raised bloo

关键词： health Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors Adult Ivory Coast

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利用胶原水解物制备枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC6633角蛋白酶的研究

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北京皮革（中外皮革信息版）（中） 2008年第4期 102-104页

作者： A.Aslan[土耳其] h.A.Karavana 王睿[编译] 不详四川大学皮革化学与工程教育部重点实验室成都610065

本研究中，我们在碱性条件下采用商业蛋白酶水解制革厂的铬鞣革屑。随后进行了一些化学的分析并且测定处理铬鞣革屑后得到的胶原水解物的氨基酸组成。胶原水解物可以作为碳和氮的来源生产枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC6633角蛋白酶。在ph7．0和ph10... 详细信息

本研究中，我们在碱性条件下采用商业蛋白酶水解制革厂的铬鞣革屑。随后进行了一些化学的分析并且测定处理铬鞣革屑后得到的胶原水解物的氨基酸组成。胶原水解物可以作为碳和氮的来源生产枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC6633角蛋白酶。在ph7．0和ph10．0，搅拌速率200rpm时，采用不同浓度的胶原水解液（1％～5％w／v）进行培养发酵。角蛋白酶的最佳工艺条件是：含有1％水解物（w／v）在ph7．0条件下发酵36小时以及含有3％水解物（w／v）在ph10．0条件下发酵24小时。

关键词：枯草芽孢杆菌角蛋白酶水解物胶原制备最佳工艺条件铬鞣革屑蛋白酶水解

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hydrodynamic instability experiments with three-dimensional modulations at the National Ignition Facility

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high Power Laser Science and Engineering 2015年第2期3卷 1-8页

作者： V.A.Smalyuk S.V.Weber D.T.Casey D.S.Clark J.E.Field S.W.haan A.V.hamza D.E.hoover O.L.Landen A.Nikroo h.F.Robey C.R.Weber Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory NIF Directorate General Atomics

The first hydrodynamic instability growth measurements with three-dimensional(3D) surface-roughness modulations were performed on Ch shell spherical implosions at the National Ignition Facility(nif) [G. h. Miller, E. I. Moses, and C. R. Wuest, Opt. Eng. 43, 2841(2004)]. The initial capsule outer-surface amplitudes were increased approximately four times, compared with the standard specifications, to increase the signal-to-noise ratio, helping to qualify a technique for measuring small 3D modulations. The instability growth measurements were performed using x-ray through-foil radiography based on time-resolved pinhole imaging. Averaging over 15 similar images significantly increased the signal-to-noise ratio, making possible a comparison with 3D simulations. At a convergence ratio of～2.4, the measured modulation levels were～3 times larger than those simulated based on the growth of the known imposed initial surface modulations. Several hypotheses are discussed, including increased instability growth due to modulations of the oxygen content in the bulk of the capsule. Future experiments will be focused on measurements with standard 3D ‘nativeroughness' capsules as well as with deliberately imposed oxygen modulations.

关键词： hydrodynamic instabilities

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Understanding the effects of radiative preheat and self-emission from shock heating on equation of state measurement at 100s of Mbar using spherically converging shock waves in a nif hohlraum

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2020年第1期5卷 16-22页

作者： Joseph Nilsen Andrea L.Kritcher Madison EMartin Robert E.Tipton heather D.Whitley Damian C.Swift Tilo Doppner Benjamin L.Bachmann Amy E.Lazicki Natalie B.Kostinski Brian R.Maddox Gilbert W.Collins Siegfried h.Glenzer Roger W.Falcone Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCalifornia 94551USA University of Rochester RochesterNew York 14627USA SLAC National Accelerator Menlo ParkCalifornia 94025USA University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA

Over the last six years many experiments have been done at the National Ignition Facility to measure the hugoniot of materials,such asChplastic at extreme pressures,up to 800 ***“Gbar”design employs a strong spherically converging shock launched through a solid ball of material using a hohlraum radiation *** shock front conditions are characterized using x-ray *** this paper we examine the role of radiation in heating the unshocked material in front of the shock to understand the impact it has on equation of state measurements and how it drives the measured data off the theoretical hugoniot *** particular,the two main sources of radiation heating are the preheating of the unshocked material by the high-energy kilo-electron-volt x-rays in the hohlraum and the heating of the material in front of the shock,as the shocked material becomes hot enough to radiate *** our model,we estimate that preheating can reach 4 eV in unshocked material,and that radiation heating can begin to drive data off the hugoniot significantly,as pressures reach above 400 Mb.

关键词： spherical equation radiative

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nif光学材料和制造技术：概述

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国外核武器研究 2004年第C期 47-59页

作者： J.h.Campbell R.A.hawley-Fedder C,J.Stolz J.A.Menapace M.R.Borden P.K.Whitman J.Yu,M.Runkel M.O.Riley M.D.Feit R.P.hackel 余泳姜美花

nif激光系统的高能，高功率部分包括7，360个米级的光学元件。几个主要的供应商已经开发了制造nif光学元件所需的先进光学材料和制造技术并投入生产。与nif之前的情况相比，现在生产速度快了20倍，而每件光学元件的成本降低了5倍。此外... 详细信息

nif激光系统的高能，高功率部分包括7，360个米级的光学元件。几个主要的供应商已经开发了制造nif光学元件所需的先进光学材料和制造技术并投入生产。与nif之前的情况相比，现在生产速度快了20倍，而每件光学元件的成本降低了5倍。此外，为nif制造的光学元件的指标比要求的更高，因此能够得到比设计更好的激光性能。供应商们已经设计、制造和安装了一套自定义计量工具，用以检验是否与nif光学指标相匹配。本文简要描述了NⅢ玻璃和晶体光学元件的光学波前指标。波前指标在空间尺度上跨越了10um到0．5m的范围(全口径)。我们不断地利用多年的研究经验来延长大体积光学材料、抛光光学表面和多层介质膜寿命(如抗损伤)。一种加工好的光学元件的新的后处理方法已经被研究出来并投入使用．以改善抗损伤能力。其中包括膜层、玻璃表面和大体积KDP和DKDP的激光调制，以及光栅和全口径缺陷映射系统。在损伤机理上的研究将有助于开发出更好的光学材料。

关键词： nif 光学材料制造技术激光系统处理方法

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