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Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using calcium oxide derived from scallop shell waste

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 113-126页

作者： Poppy Puspitasari Diki Dwi Pramono Davi Nur Fiansyah Avita Ayu Permanasari Nandang mufti Jeefferie Abd Razak Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Universitas Negeri MalangMalangIndonesia Centre of Advanced Material and Renewable Energy Universitas Negeri MalangMalangIndonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversitas Negeri MalangMalangIndonesia Fakulti Kejuruteraan Pembuatan Universiti Teknikal Malaysia MelakaMelakaMalaysia

Biodiesel is one of the alternative forms of diesel fuel and can be obtained using the transesterification process of waste cooking oil with a catalyst to accelerate the *** heterogeneous catalyst from waste scallop shells is used due to its potential for being reused in the subsequent transesterification *** catalysts can also be recycled,contributing to their environmentally friendly *** study aims to identify the performance of recycling a calcium oxide(CaO)catalyst from scallop shell waste on synthesis *** method used is the transesterification method with the basic ingredients of waste cooking oil using a CaO ***,after the transesterification process is complete,the catalyst is separated from the biodiesel and recycled to be reused in the transesterification process up to five *** biodiesel samples obtained are identified for yield value,physico-chemical properties,thermal properties and performance.X-ray diffraction characterization results for the CaO catalyst show that it has a crystal size of 67.83 *** electron microscope characterization shows that it has spherical particle *** transform infrared characterization shows the presence of Ca-O *** highest biodiesel yield value of 74.23%is obtained in biodiesel Cycle *** flash point value of biodiesel samples ranges from 141.2℃ to 149℃.Further,all of the biodiesel samples exhibit a cetane number of *** highest lower heating value of 38.22 MJ/kg is obtained in biodiesel Cycle 1 and the viscosity of the biodiesel samples ranges from 5.65 to 5.88 *** density of the biodiesel samples ranges from 881.23 to 882.92 kg/***,ester functional groups(C=O)and methyl functional groups have been successfully formed in all samples,with the methyl oleate compound observed as dominating the biodiesel *** cloud point value of the biodiesel samples ranges from 12℃ to 13℃,and their pour point value ranges from 10℃ to

关键词： biodiesel CaO catalyst waste cooking oil scallop shell

A Quantitative Security Metric Model for Security Controls:Secure Virtual Machine Migration Protocol as Target of Assessment

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China Communications 2018年第8期15卷 126-140页

作者： Tayyaba Zeb Muhammad Yousaf Humaira Afzal Muhammad Rafiq mufti School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science(SEECS) National University of Sciences and TechnologylslamabadPakistan Riphah Institute of Systems Engineering(RISE) Riphah International UniversityIslamabadPakistan Institute of Computing Department of Computer ScienceBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Department of Computer Sciences COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyVehariPakistan

Quantitative security metrics are desirable for measuring the performance of information security controls. Security metrics help to make functional and business decisions for improving the performance and cost of the security controls. However, defining enterprise-level security metrics has already been listed as one of the hard problems in the Info Sec Research Council's hard problems list. Almost all the efforts in defining absolute security metrics for the enterprise security have not been proved fruitful. At the same time, with the maturity of the security industry, there has been a continuous emphasis from the regulatory bodies on establishing measurable security metrics. This paper addresses this need and proposes a relative security metric model that derives three quantitative security metrics named Attack Resiliency Measure(ARM), Performance Improvement Factor(PIF), and Cost/Benefit Measure(CBM) for measuring the performance of the security controls. For the effectiveness evaluation of the proposed security metrics, we took the secure virtual machine(VM) migration protocol as the target of assessment. The virtual-ization technologies are rapidly changing the landscape of the computing world. Devising security metrics for virtualized environment is even more challenging. As secure virtual machine migration is an evolving area and no standard protocol is available specifically for secure VM migration. This paper took the secure virtual machine migration protocol as the target of assessment and applied the proposed relative security metric model for measuring the Attack Resiliency Measure, Performance Improvement Factor, and Cost/Benefit Measure of the secure VM migration protocol.

关键词： attack resiliency measure cost-benefit measure performance improvement factor security assessment formal verification security controls security metrics virtual machine migration protocol

Mycetoma at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia: correlation of histopathological and clinical findings

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第4期5卷 331-336页

作者： Shagufta Tahir mufti Hessa Aljhdali Departments of Anatomic Pathology Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz University

Objective: To present the histopathological and clinical correlation of mycetoma among patients attending King Abdulaziz University Hospital between ***: The data of all histopathologically diagnosed mycetomas in the period between January 1998 and January 2013 were collected through a computerized database search of the anatomic pathology archives at King Abdulaziz University Hospital. The collected data were analysed. Identification of species were performed for five patients using 16 S ribosomal DNA and internal transcribed spacer ***: There were 19 patients with mycetoma with an average age of 44.26 years and male: female ratio of 4:1. Actinomycetoma were 63.15% and eumycetoma were 36.84%. All patients presented with the classic lesions; presenting as painless subcutaneous mass, sinuses and discharge containing grains. The swellings were of slow evolution, with preferential foot localization. Species specification performed for samples from five patients with active lesions revealed species of Actinomyces israelii and Madurella mycetomatis in respective ***: Actinomycetoma is more common than eumycetoma in this region. The fact that one of the patients with eumycetoma was a Saudi national raises the possibility of an indigenous species similar to Maduraella mycetomatis to be further explored for characteristics and pathogenesis. The disease has to be prioritized again and more robust and quick molecular diagnostic tools should be made available in order to save patients form disfiguring amputations.

关键词： Mycetoma Madura Cementing matrix Actinomycetoma Saudi Arabia 16S rDNA

Hydrothermal synthesis of ABi_(2)Ta_(2)O_(9)Aurivillius phase:A comparative study of A-site cation size on structure,dielectric,optical properties

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2022年第2期12卷 1-7页

作者： Ilona Bella Tio Putra Wendari Novesar Jamarun Nandang mufti Zulhadjri Department of Chemistry Universitas AndalasKampus Limau ManisPadang 25163Indonesia Center of Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy Universitas Negeri Malang Jl.Semarang 5Malang 65145Indonesia

In this study,the double-layered Aurivillius phases CaBi_(2)Ta_(2)O_(9)(CBT)and PbBi_(2)Ta_(2)O_(9)(PBT)were prepared through a hydrother-mal route with NaOH as a *** analysis confirmed that the CBT and PBT compounds were successfully formed and adopted an orthorhombic crystal structure with an A21am *** Bail refinements of XRD data indicated that the unit cell volume of CBT was smaller than PBT and is associated with the smaller ionic radius of Ca^(2+)compared to Pb^(2+).The surface mor-phology of both samples,as determined using SEM,demonstrated plate-like grains with anisotropic grain *** was found that the different ionic radii of A-site cations(Ca^(2+)and Pb^(2+))strongly affected the structural,optical and electrical properties of the Aurivillius *** occupation of smaller Ca^(2+)cations induced a higher structural distortion,which resulted in higher bandgap(Eg)energy and ferroelectric transition temperature(Tc)of CBT,compared to those of PBT.

关键词： Aurivillius phase hydrothermal synthesis Le Bail refinement relaxor-ferroelectric anisotropic grain optical properties

Analyzing COVID-2019 Impact on Mental Health Through Social Media Forum

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第6期67卷 3737-3748页

作者： Huma Muhammad Khalid Sohail Nadeem Akhtar Dost Muhammad Humaira Afzal Muhammad Rafiq mufti Shahid Hussain Mansoor Ahmed Department of Computer Science COMSATS UniversityIslamabad45550Pakistan Department of Management Sciences Bahria Business SchoolBahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science&IT The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur.63100Pakistan Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadVehari Campus61100Pakistan Department of Computer and Information Science University of OregonEugene97401OregonUSA

This study aims to identify the potential association of mental health and social media forum during the outbreak of COVID-19 ***-19 brings a lot of challenges to government *** the different strategies the most extensively adopted ones were lockdown,social distancing,and isolation among *** people with no mental illness history have been found with high risk of distress and psychological discomfort due to anxiety of being infected with the *** among people due to COVID-19 spread faster than the disease *** misinformation and excessive usage of social media in this pandemic era have adversely affected mental health across the *** to limited historical data,psychiatrists are finding it difficult to cure the mental illness of people resulting from the pandemic repercussion,fueled by social media *** this study the methodology used for data extraction is by considering the implications of social network platforms(such as Reddit)and levering the capabilities of a semi-supervised co-training technique-based use of Naïve Bayes(NB),Random Forest(RF),and Support Vector Machine(SVM)*** experimental results shows the efficacy of the proposed methodology to identify the mental illness level(such as anxiety,bipolar disorder,depression,PTSD,schizophrenia,and OCD)of those who are in anxious of being infected with this *** observed 1 to 5%improvement in the classification decision through the proposed method as compared to state-of-the-art classifiers.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 mental health social media Reddit machine learning

Seroepidemiology of hepatitis A virus in Kuwait

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第1期15卷 102-105页

作者： Jameela Alkhalidi Bader Alenezi Seham Al-mufti Entisar Hussain Haifa Askar Nyingi Kemmer Guy W Neff Thuniyan Al-Ghanim GI Center & University of KuwaitPO Box 4077 Safat 13041 Kuwait University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45267-0576 United States

AIM: To fi nd the current seroepidemiology of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in ***: A total of 2851 Kuwaitis applying for new jobs were ***: HAV-positive cases were 28.8%; 59% were males and 41% were females. The highest prevalence was in the Ahmadi area. High prevalence was among the group of non-educated rather than educated parents. This is the fi rst study in Kuwait demonstrating the shifting epidemiology of ***: This study reflects the need of the Kuwaiti population for an HAV vaccine.

关键词： Hepatitis A virus Fulminant Liver Failure Hepatitis A virus vaccine Kuwait

An Approximation for the Entropy Measuring in the General Structure of SGSP_(3)

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 4455-4463页

作者： Zeeshan Saleem muftiand Muhammad Hussain Kamel Jebreen Muhammad Haroon Aftab Mohammad Issa Sowaity Zeeshan Saleem mufti Muhammad Hussain Biostatistics and Clinical Research Department University Hospital LariboisièreAP-HPUniversite’de ParisParis75010France Department of Mathematics An-Najah National UniversityNablusP400Palestine Department of Mathematics Palestine Technical University-KadoorieHebronP766Palestine Department of Mathematics and Statistics the University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Palestine Polytechnic UniversityHebronP766Palestine Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadLahore campusLahore54000Pakistan

In this article,we calculate various topological invariants such as symmetric division degree index,redefined Zagreb index,VL index,first and second exponential Zagreb index,first and second multiplicative exponential Zagreb indices,symmetric division degree entropy,redefined Zagreb entropy,VL entropy,first and second exponential Zagreb entropies,multiplicative exponential Zagreb *** take the chemical compound named Proanthocyanidins,which is a very useful polyphenol in human’s *** are very beneficial for one’s *** chemical compounds are extracted from grape *** are tremendously anti-inflammatory.A subdivision formof this compound is presented in this *** compound named subdivided grape seed Proanthocyanidins is abbreviated as SGSP_(3).This network SGSP_(3),is converted and modeled into its mathematical graphical formation with the support of the latest mathematical *** have also developed many closed formulas for the measurement of entropy for the general chemical structure of the subdivided grape seed Proanthocyanidins *** achieved outcomes can be correlated with the chemical version of SGSP_(3) to get a better understanding of its biological as well as physical features.

关键词： Symmetric division degree redefined Zagreb VL index exponential multiplicative Zagreb subdivided grape seed Proanthocyanidins graphical model genetics entropy

Roles of furfural during the thermal treatment of bio-oil at low temperatures

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第11期29卷 85-95页

作者： Zhe Xiong Yuanjing Chen Muhammad mufti Azis Xun Hu Wei Deng Hengda Han Long Jiang Sheng Su Song Hu Yi Wang Jun Xiang State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringGadjah Mada UniversityYogyakarta 55281Indonesia School of Material Science and Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022ShandongChina China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina

The reactive O-containing species in bio-oil could induce the polymerization of bio-oil during its thermal treatment, which affects the relevant utilization of bio-oil significantly. Furans, as the highly reactive Ocontaining species in bio-oil, play important roles during the thermal treatment of bio-oil. In this study,furfural was chosen as the representative of the furans in bio-oil to investigate its roles during the thermal treatment of bio-oil. The raw bio-oil with and without the addition of extra furfural(10 wt% of bio-oil) and pure furfural were pyrolyzed in a fixed-bed reactor at 200–500 ℃. The results show that the interactions among furfural and bio-oil components can take place prior to the evaporation of furfural(<140 ℃) to form the intermediates, then these intermediates could be further polymerized to form large molecular compounds, and coke can be formed via the interactions at temperatures ≥ 300 ℃. At temperatures ≤ 300 ℃, furfural mainly interacts with anhydrosugars. As the temperature further increases, the aromatics are involved in the interactions to form coke. The increased percentage of the coke formed via the interactions is in a linear relation with the conversion of furfural during the pyrolysis at 300–500 ℃(no coke formed at 200 ℃). Meanwhile, more non-aromatic light components(≤ C6) and less aromatics in the tars could be formed due to the interactions.

关键词： Bio-oil Furfural Aromatic Coke Polymerization Interaction

Analyzing COVID-19 Impact on the Researchers Productivity through Their Perceptions

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1835-1847页

作者： Syeda Javeria Shoukat Humaira Afzal Muhammad Rafiq mufti Muhammad Khalid Sohail Dost Muhammad Khan Nadeem Akhtar Shahid Hussain Mansoor Ahmed Department of Computer Science COMSATS UniversityIslamabad45550Pakistan Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadVehari CampusIslamabad61100Pakistan Department of Management Studies Bahria Business SchoolBahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science&IT The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Computer and Information Science University of OregonEugeneOR97401USA

Context:Since the end of 2019,the COVID-19 pandemic had a worst impact on world’s economy,healthcare,and *** are several aspects where the impact of COVID-19 could be *** these,one aspect is the productivity of researcher,which plays a significant role in the success of an ***:There are several factors that could be aligned with the researcher’s productivity of each domain and whose analysis through researcher’s feedback could be beneficial for decision makers in terms of their decision making and implementation of mitigation plans for the success of an ***:We perform an empirical study to investigate the substantial impact of COVID-19 on the productivity of researchers by analyzing the relevant factors through their *** study aims to find out the impact of COVID-19 on the researcher’s productivity that are working in different *** this study,we conduct a questionnaire-based analysis,which included feedback of 152 researchers of certain *** researchers are currently involved in different research ***,we perform a statistical analysis to analyze the collected responses and report the ***:The results indicate the substantial impact of COVID-19 pandemics on the researcher’s productivity in terms of mental disturbance,lack of regular meetings,and field visits for the collection of primary ***:Finally,it is concluded that researcher’s daily or weekly meetings with their supervisors and colleagues are necessary to keep them more productive in task *** findings would help the decision makers of an organization in the settlement of their plan for the success of an organization.

关键词： COVID-19 researchers productivity statistical analysis