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The Possibilities of Chronic Renal Failure Patients Contracting Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection, Sudan

Advances in Microbiology 2022年第3期12卷 91-102页

作者： Elhadi Abdalla ahmed Abdelrahman Eldaw Mohammed Bakri Yousif Mohamed Nour Albadawi Abdelbagi Talha Zienab Hamid mubarak ahmed elshafia mubarak ahmed elshafia Mohamed Elamin Salih Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Medical Parasitology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences Al Jouf University Sakakah KSA Department of Haematology and Immunohaematology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine-AlQunfudtha Umm Al-Qura University Mecca KSA

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa. The effects of the CKD on the host and the continuous therapeutic measures increase the hypothesis of blood-borne diseases transmission. Objective: This study aimed to find the frequency of occult hepatitis B virus (OBI) in patients of chronic renal failure (CRF) and to study the possibilities of infection acquisition. Methods: During 2017 and 2019, two hundred CRF patients under regular haemodialysis and attending Gezira Hospital for Renal Diseases and Surgery were recruited. Plasma specimens were collected and used for detection of hepatitis B surface antigens (HbsAg), total hepatitis B core antibodies (anti-HBc) and hepatitis B virus DNA isolation. Nested PCR reaction was followed to identify HBV. Socio-clinical data for each participant was obtained. Results: Male patients represented 64% (128/200), most frequent age group was from 41 to 60 years with percentage of 56.5% (113/200), 86% (172/200) of CRF patients were received blood while 42% (84/200) get HBV vaccination. Hepatitis B core antibodies were found in 54% (108/200) of studied cases, and 22% (42/188) of tested DNA were positively amplified for target gene. Detection of Hepatitis B core antibodies was significantly associated with marital status while absence of vaccination significantly associated with the detection of both hepatitis B core antibodies and HBV DNA. Conclusion: This study found high frequency of OBI in CRF patients, to reduce the transmission of the disease, possible hypotheses should be studied, including blood transfusion, haemodialysis process and HBV vaccination status.

关键词： Chronic Renal Failure OBI Nested PCR Sudan

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Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection: A Killer Hidden in Transfused Blood, Sudan

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第10期10卷 173-181页

作者： Elhadi Abdalla ahmed Abdelrahman Eldaw Mohammed mubarak ahmed elshafia Bakri Yousif Mohamed Nour Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Haematology & Immunohaematology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Medical Parasitology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan

Introduction: Transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) through the blood is a significant risk, especially in poor countries with high endemicity. Occult transmission of HBV (OBI) is an important acquisition scenario. Objective: A cross-sectional laboratory-based study followed to detect OBI in blood of accepted donors admitted to Mad Medani Blood Bank, Sudan. Methods: During the study, 200 accepted blood units were examined for HBsAg by ELISA technique and negative samples were tested for total anti-HBc antibodies using electroluminescence immunoassay (ECLIAS). HBV DNA amplification was performed for units that showed total anti-Hbc positivity. Results: Of the 200 blood units, 3 appeared positive by ELISA. Total anti-HBc antibodies were present in 34% (67/197) of blood units. HBV DNA was successfully amplified in 52.2% (35/67) of total anti-HBc positive samples. A significant association was observed between reactive total anti-HBc and age group (p Conclusion: OBI was recorded at a high rate in the blood of donors, which necessitates the implementation of detection methods to protect the recipients.

关键词： OBI Blood Donors Nested-PCR Sudan

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Rating of CCR5-Delta 32 Homozygous Mutation in Sudanese HIV Patients and Sex Workers

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World Journal of AIDS 2022年第2期12卷 55-64页

作者： Mawaib Hassan Fath-Elrahman mubarak Alkarsany Bakri Yousif Mohammed Nour Adam Dawoud Abakar Abdelrahman Eldaw Mhammed Salaheldein Gumma Elzaki Eman Osman mubarak elshafia Elhadi Abdalla ahmed Department of Virology National Public Health Laboratory Khartoum Sudan Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Karary University Khartoum Sudan Department of Medical Parasitology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Molecular Biology Laboratory Department of Epidemiology Tropical Medicine Research Institute Khartoum Sudan National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory National Public Health Laboratory Khartoum Sudan Department of Haematology and Immunohaematology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan

Background: Prevention against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) includes natural resistance in the population;mainly frequency of cysteine-cysteine chemokine receptor type-5 (CCR5-delta 32 mutation). By knowing the frequency of this resistance in the community, the proportion of the population susceptible to infection can be determined. This study aimed to detect for the first time the rate of CCR5-delta 32 mutation in Sudanese individuals with HIV and sex workers. Methods: Cross-sectional study was followed in the parade from 2019 through 2021, study groups were Sudanese with HIV and sex workers. Sero-negativity of sex workers was confirmed by a rapid immunochromatography test (ICT). A blood sample was targeted for DNA isolation. PCR amplification was accomplished for CCR5 wild type and CCR5-delta 32 mutation genes using specific primers. Result: Among HIV patients, males, basic education level and ages below 60 years were commonly recorded while ages below 40 years, secondary education level and single marital status were predominated in sex workers. All HIV patients were positive for CCR5 wild type and negative for CCR5-delta 32 genotype. The sex workers group showed a frequency of 3.5% (97/200) for homozygous CCR5-delta 32 mutation. Conclusion: The rating of homozygous CCR5-delta 32 genotype in studied Sudanese sex workers was relatively more than other results obtained from African countries, and the mutation was significantly detected among sex workers group (P value = 0.008) when compared to the studied HIV group.

关键词： CCR5-Delta 32 HIV Sex Workers Rating Sudan

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A Study on Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Risk Factors in New and Re-Treated Presumptive Patients at Wad Madani Tuberculosis Center, Sudan (2018-2019): A Cross-Sectional Study

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2022年第1期10卷 18-27页

作者： Zeinab H. Alfaham Elhadi A. ahmed Elamin M. Ibrahim Mohamed Soud Mohamed Ameer A. Mohamed Ayman Mahjob mubarak A. elshafia Bakri Y. M. Nour Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Medicine Wad Medani Teaching Hospital Gezira State Ministry of Health Wad Medani Sudan Wad Madani Tuberculosis Center Gezira State Ministry of Health Wad Medani Sudan Department of Haematology and Immunohaematology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Medical Parasitology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan

Introduction: The increase in cases of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, especially in endemic areas, is mainly associated with re-treatment, although resistant tubercle bacilli can be easily transmitted between all susceptible persons. Objective: The study aimed to describe pulmonary tuberculosis, risk factors and MDR in new and re-treated suspected patients attending Wad Madani Tuberculosis Center that provides service in central Sudan. Methods: Cross-sectional laboratory based study among 300 presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis patients during 2018 and 2019 was conducted. Cases were divided into new and re-treated. Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA and rpoB gene of multi-drug resistance (MDR) were detected in sputum samples by GeneXpert assay as manufacturer instructions. Results: Out of 300 suspected participants, 34% (103/300) were diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis using GeneXpert method. The frequency of males, the age group from 21 to 40 and rural housing were the most with percentage reach 68% (70/103), 51% (53/103) and 58.3% (60/103) respectively. All observed symptoms were significantly associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. New cases represented 59.2% (61/103) while re-treated was 40.8% (39/103). The overall frequency of MDR patients was 9.7% (10/103) of which 50% (5/103) had relapse situation. Conclusion: It appeared that the cases of MDR pulmonary tuberculosis are on the increase compared to previous findings, recommended measures must be taken to control the spread of tuberculosis and the causes of re-treatment and relapse must be studied.

关键词： MDR Pulmonary Tuberculosis Relapse Sudan

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