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Expression of Notch pathway components (Numb, Itch, and Siah-1) in colorectal tumors: A clinicopathological study

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第26期26卷 3814-3833页

作者： Sinem Cil Gonulcu Betul Unal Ibrahim Cumhur Bassorgun mualla ozcan Hasan Senol Coskun Gulsum Ozlem Elpek Department of Pathology Akdeniz UniversitySchool of MedicineAntalya 07070Turkey Department of Oncology Akdeniz UniversitySchool of MedicineAntalya 07070Turkey

BACKGROUND The role of the Notch pathway in carcinogenesis and tumor progression has been demonstrated in many organs,including the ***,studies aimed at developing therapies targeting this pathway in various cancers require the identification of several factors that may play a role in regulating Notch-1 *** Numb,Itch,and seven in absentia homolog-1(Siah-1)have been shown to contribute to the regulation of Notch signaling,their role in colorectal carcinogenesis and tumor progression has not been fully elucidated to *** To evaluate Numb,Itch,and Siah-1 expression in colorectal tumors to clarify their relationship with Notch-1 expression and their role in carcinogenesis and tumor *** Expression of Notch-1,Numb,Itch,and Siah-1 was investigated in 50 colorectal carcinomas,30 adenomas,and 20 healthy colonic tissues by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)*** In contrast to Notch-1,which is expressed at higher levels in tumor tissues and adenomas,expression of Numb,Itch,and Siah-1 was stronger and more frequent in normal mucosa(P<0.01).There was a positive correlation between Notch-1 expression and high histological grade,the presence of lymph node metastasis,and advanced-stage tumors,whereas expression of Numb,Itch,and Siah-1 was absent or reduced in tumors with these clinicopathological parameters(P<0.05).In survival analysis,expression of Notch was related to poor prognosis but that of Numb,Itch,and Siah-1 correlated with improved survival(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis revealed Notch-1 expression and loss of Numb expression to be independent prognostic parameters together with lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Our findings support the role of Notch-1 in colorectal carcinoma and indicate that loss of Numb,Itch,and Siah-1 expression is associated with *** data also suggest that these three proteins might be involved in the Notch-1 pathway during colo

关键词： Colorectal adenomas Colorectal cancer Notch-1 Numb Itch Siah-1

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Effect of external and internal cues on core muscle activation during the Sahrmann five-level core stability test

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 95-104页

作者： Skyla Stifter Jessie McCaffrey Tyler Nichols Ayse ozcan Edeer Justine Ward Physical Therapy Dominican University New YorkOrangeburgNY 10962United States

BACKGROUND Pain in the back or pelvis or fear of back pain may affect the timing or cocontraction of the core *** both static and dynamic movements,the Sahrmann core stability test provides an assessment of core muscle activation and a person's ability to stabilize the lumbopelvic *** cues and images can be used to increase the activation of these *** attain optimal movement patterns,it will be necessary to determine what cueing will give the most effective results for core *** To investigate the effects of external and internal cues on core muscle activation during the Sahrmann five-level core stability *** Total 68 participants(21.83±3.47 years)were randomly allocated to an external(n=35)or internal cue group(n=33).Participants performed the Sahrmann fivelevel core stability test without a cue as baseline and the five-level stability exercises with an internal or external *** cue group received a pressure biofeedback unit(PBU),and the internal cue group received an audio cue.A Delsys Trigno^(TM)surface electromyography unit was used for muscle activation from the rectus abdominis,external oblique,and transverse abdominis/internal oblique *** Linear mixed effects model analysis showed that cueing had a significant effect on core muscle activation(P=0.001);however,there was no significant difference between cue types(internal or external)(P=0.130).CONCLUSION Both external and internal cueing have significant effects on core muscle activation during the Sahrmann five-level core stability test and the PBU does not create higher muscle activation than internal cueing.

关键词： External cue Internal cue Muscle activation Core muscles Lumbopelvic stability Pressure biofeedback unit

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Deep learning accelerates whole slide imaging for next-generation digital pathology applications

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第11期11卷 2558-2560页

作者： Yair Rivenson Aydogan ozcan Pictor Labs InLos AngelesUSA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos Angeles 90095 CAUSA Bioengineering Department University of CaliforniaLos Angeles 90095 CAUSA California NanoSystems Institute(CNSI) University of CaliforniaLos Angeles 90095 CAUSA Department of Surgery David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles 90095 CAUSA

Deep learning demonstrates the ability to significantly increase the scanning speed of whole slide imaging in *** transformative solution can be used to further accelerate the adoption of digital pathology.

关键词： Deep learning slide

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Nonlinear encoding in diffractive information processing using linear optical materials

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1675-1688页

作者： Yuhang Li Jingxi Li Aydogan ozcan Electrical&Computer Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Bioengineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA California NanoSystems Institute(CNSI) University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Nonlinear encoding of optical information can be achieved using various forms of data ***,we analyze the performances of different nonlinear information encoding strategies that can be employed in diffractive optical processors based on linear materials and shed light on their utility and performance gaps compared to the state-of-the-art digital deep neural *** a comprehensive evaluation,we used different datasets to compare the statistical inference performance of simpler-to-implement nonlinear encoding strategies that involve,e.g.,phase encoding,against data repetition-based nonlinear encoding *** show that data repetition within a diffractive volume(e.g.,through an optical cavity or cascaded introduction of the input data)causes the loss of the universal linear transformation capability of a diffractive optical ***,data repetition-based diffractive blocks cannot provide optical analogs to fully connected or convolutional layers commonly employed in digital neural ***,they can still be effectively trained for specific inference tasks and achieve enhanced accuracy,benefiting from the nonlinear encoding of the input *** results also reveal that phase encoding of input information without data repetition provides a simpler nonlinear encoding strategy with comparable statistical inference accuracy to data repetition-based diffractive *** analyses and conclusions would be of broad interest to explore the push-pull relationship between linear material-based diffractive optical systems and nonlinear encoding strategies in visual information processors.

关键词： nonlinear simpler Nonlinear

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Dental Age Estimation Based on X-ray Images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第2期62卷 591-605页

作者： Noor mualla Essam H Houssein M.R.Hassan Computer Science Branch Mathematics DepartmentFaculty of ScienceAswan UniversityAswanEgypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and InformationMinia UniversityMinyaEgypt

Chronological age estimation using panoramic dental X-ray images is an essential task in forensic *** statistical approaches have proposed by considering the teeth and ***,building automated dental age estimation based on machine learning techniques needs more research *** this paper,an automated dental age estimation is proposed using transfer *** the proposed approach,features are extracted using two deep neural networks namely,AlexNet and *** classifiers are proposed to perform the classification task including decision tree,k-nearest neighbor,linear discriminant,and support vector *** proposed approach is evaluated using a number of suitable performance metrics using a dataset that contains 1429 dental X-ray *** obtained results show that the proposed approach has a promising performance.

关键词： Classification dental age estimation transfer learning X-ray images

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Deep learning in holography and coherent imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 437-444页

作者： Yair Rivenson Yichen Wu Aydogan ozcan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Bioengineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA California Nano Systems Institute(CNSI) University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Surgery David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Recent advances in deep learning have given rise to a new paradigm of holographic image reconstruction and phase recovery techniques with real-time *** data-driven approaches,these emerging techniques have overcome some of the challenges associated with existing holographic image reconstruction methods while also minimizing the hardware requirements of *** recent advances open up a myriad of new opportunities for the use of coherent imaging systems in biomedical and engineering research and related applications.

关键词： coherent holographic overcome

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The interaction between stratospheric monthly mean regional winds and sporadic-E

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第3期26卷 615-619页

作者： Kenan Cetin Osman ozcan Serhat Korlaelci Department of Physics Art and Science Faculty Mus Alparslan Universitiy 49250 Turkey Department of Physics Science Faculty Firat Universitiy 23100 Turkey

In the present study, a statistical investigation is carried out to explore whether there is a relationship between the critical frequency （foEs） of the sporadic-E layer that is occasionally seen on the E region of the ionosphere and the quasi- biennial oscillation （QBO） that flows in the east-west direction in the equatorial stratosphere. Multiple regression model as a statistical tool was used to determine the relationship between variables. In this model, the stationarity of the variables （foEs and QBO） was firstly analyzed for each station （Cocos Island, Gibilmanna, Niue Island, and Tahiti）. Then, a co- integration test was made to determine the existence of a long-term relationship between QBO and foes. After verifying the presence of a long-term relationship between the variables, the magnitude of the relationship between variables was further determined using the multiple regression model. As a result, it is concluded that the variations in foEs were explainable with QBO measured at 10 hPa altitude at the rate of 69%, 94%, 79%, and 58% for Cocos Island, Gibilmanna, Niue Island, and Tahiti stations, respectively. It is observed that the variations in foes were explainable with QBO measured at 70 hPa altitude at the rate of 66%, 69%, 53%, and 47% for Cocos Island, Gibilmanna, Niue Island, and Tahiti stations, respectively.

关键词： multiple regression model equatorial region sporadic-E quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO)

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Fourier Imager Network(FIN):A deep neural network for hologram reconstruction with superior external generalization

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第9期11卷 2225-2234页

作者： HANLONG CHEN LUZHE HUANG TAIRAN LIU AYDOGAN ozcan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Bioengineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA California Nano Systems Institute(CNSI) University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USAElectrical and Computer Engineering DepartmentUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Deep learning-based image reconstruction methods have achieved remarkable success in phase recovery and holographic ***,the generalization of their image reconstruction performance to new types of samples never seen by the network remains a *** we introduce a deep learning framework,termed Fourier Imager Network(FIN),that can perform end-to-end phase recovery and image reconstruction from raw holograms of new types of samples,exhibiting unprecedented success in external *** architecture is based on spatial Fourier transform modules that process the spatial frequencies of its inputs using learnable filters and a global receptive *** with existing convolutional deep neural networks used for hologram reconstruction,FIN exhibits superior generalization to new types of samples,while also being much faster in its image inference speed,completing the hologram reconstruction task in~0.04 s per 1 mm^(2) of the sample *** experimentally validated the performance of FIN by training it using human lung tissue samples and blindly testing it on human prostate,salivary gland tissue and Pap smear samples,proving its superior external generalization and image reconstruction *** holographic microscopy and quantitative phase imaging,FIN and the underlying neural network architecture might open up various new opportunities to design broadly generalizable deep learning models in computational imaging and machine vision fields.

关键词： field. generalization holographic

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All-optical synthesis of an arbitrary linear transformation using diffractive surfaces

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第10期10卷 1928-1948页

作者： Onur Kulce Deniz Mengu Yair Rivenson Aydogan ozcan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Bioengineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA California NanoSystems Institute University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Spatially-engineered diffractive surfaces have emerged as a powerful framework to control light-matter interactions for statistical inference and the design of task-specific optical ***,we report the design of diffractive surfaces to all-optically perform arbitrary complex-valued linear transformations between an input(Ni)and output(No),where Ni and No represent the number of pixels at the input and output fields-of-view(FOVs),***,we consider a single diffractive surface and use a matrix pseudoinverse-based method to determine the complex-valued transmission coefficients of the diffractive features/neurons to all-optically perform a desired/target linear *** addition to this data-free design approach,we also consider a deep learning-based design method to optimize the transmission coefficients of diffractive surfaces by using examples of input/output fields corresponding to the target *** compared the all-optical transformation errors and diffraction efficiencies achieved using data-free designs as well as data-driven(deep learning-based)diffractive designs to all-optically perform(i)arbitrarily-chosen complex-valued transformations including unitary,nonunitary,and noninvertible transforms,(ii)2D discrete Fourier transformation,(iii)arbitrary 2D permutation operations,and(iv)high-pass filtered coherent *** analyses reveal that if the total number(N)of spatially-engineered diffractive features/neurons is≥Ni×No,both design methods succeed in all-optical implementation of the target transformation,achieving negligible ***,compared to data-free designs,deep learning-based diffractive designs are found to achieve significantly larger diffraction efficiencies for a given N and their all-optical transformations are more accurate for N

关键词： arbitrary valued unitary

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All-optical information-processing capacity of diffractive surfaces

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第2期10卷 217-233页

The precise engineering of materials and surfaces has been at the heart of some of the recent advances in optics and *** advances related to the engineering of materials with new functionalities have also opened up exciting avenues for designing trainable surfaces that can perform computation and machine-learning tasks through light-matter interactions and ***,we analyze the information-processing capacity of coherent optical networks formed by diffractive surfaces that are trained to perform an all-optical computational task between a given input and output *** show that the dimensionality of the all-optical solution space covering the complex-valued transformations between the input and output fields-of-view is linearly proportional to the number of diffractive surfaces within the optical network,up to a limit that is dictated by the extent of the input and output *** diffractive networks that are composed of larger numbers of trainable surfaces can cover a higher-dimensional subspace of the complex-valued linear transformations between a larger input field-of-view and a larger output field-of-view and exhibit depth advantages in terms of their statistical inference,learning,and generalization capabilities for different image classification tasks when compared with a single trainable diffractive *** analyses and conclusions are broadly applicable to various forms of diffractive surfaces,including,e.g.,plasmomc and/or dielectric-based metasurfaces and flat optics,which can be used to form all-optical processors.

关键词： surface. valued optics

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