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Intraductal Prostatic Carcinoma: Epidemiological and Anatomopathological Aspects in dakar

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Open Journal of Pathology 2024年第2期14卷 54-63页

作者： Ibou Thiam Fabrice Senghor Omar Sow Kor Ndiaye Mohamed moustapha Chérif dial Anatomical Pathology department Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital Dakar Senegal Anatomical Pathology department Peace Hospital Ziguinchor Senegal General Surgery department Peace Hospital Ziguinchor Senegal Anatomical Pathology department Idrissa Pouye University Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Intraductal carcinoma is often associated with high-grade, high-stage adenocarcinoma. Its frequency is variable and it is considered a poor prognostic factor. In our context, when prostatic carcinoma is diagnosed, pathologists do not always report the presence of this anatomopathological entity. We therefore conducted a study to determine the epidemiological and anatomopathological profile of patients with this lesion in dakar. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study covering a 1-year period from January to december 2022. It focused on cases of intraductal carcinoma diagnosed among prostatic carcinomas collected in the anatomopathology laboratories of Hôpital Général Idrissa Pouye (HOGIP) and Hôpital Militaire de Ouakam (HMO). It was based on archives of anatomopathological reports, blocks and slides. A total of 200 cases of prostatic carcinoma were collated and reviewed to identify those presenting with intraductal carcinoma according to the diagnostic criteria of Guo and Epstein. Results: 87 cases of intraductal carcinoma were found, representing 43.5% of prostatic carcinomas. The mean age was 71 years. Patients in their seventh decade were the most represented, i.e. 42.5%. The majority of samples examined were biopsies (72.4%). The mean PSA level was 965.91 ng/ml, with extremes ranging from 0.03 to 10,000 ng/ml. Histologically, 96.5% of cases (N = 84) were invasive prostatic carcinoma. Gleason score 8 (4 + 4) was the most common, accounting for 42.53% (N = 37). On average, the study found four (04) foci of intraductal carcinoma per specimen, with extremes ranging from 1 to 30. dense cribriform architecture accounted for 78.16%, loose cribriform for 11.5%, solid for 8.04% and micropapillary for 2.3%. Six cases (6.9%) showed foci of comedonecrosis. The vast majority of radical prostatectomies (87.5%) were classified as pT3. Node invasion and perineural sheathing were observed in 12.5% and 52.32% of cases respectively. Conclusi

关键词： Intraductal Carcinoma Prostate Pathological Anatomy Senegal

diversity and Structure of the Woody Stand in a Sudano-Sahelian Transition Zone in Senegal

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第1期14卷 1-16页

作者： Oumar Sarr moustapha B. Sagna Amy Bakhoum Sékouna diatta Aliou Guissé UCAd/FST Laboratory of Ecology and Ecohydrology Dakar Senegal Tessekere Human Environment Observatory (Senegal) IRL 3189 “Environment Health Society” Dakar Senegal

The main objective of the study was to investigate the diversity of the woody stratum of the vegetation in intercommunity rangelands in the department of Koungheul based on an ecological inventory using vegetation surveys. The results indicate a rich flora of 70 species divided into 54 genera and 27 families where Ceasalpiniaceae and Rubiaceae are dominant (5 genera each). They are followed by Combretaceae and Euphorbiacea (4 genera each) and by Capparaceae, Fabaceae and Mimosaceae (3 genera for each family). But at the specific level, it is the Combretaceae which dominates with 10 species and Rubiaceae (7 species). It is more representative at the level of the rural community of Lour Esacale. The different values of vegetation parameters from one site to another indicate variability in community rangeland management practices. The woody stand, dominated by small Combretaceae, shows a relatively stable level of organization with an average equitability of about 45% for the two rural communities studied. Species such as Cordyla pinnata, Sclerocarya birrea, Adansonia digitata and Sterculia setigera contributed strongly to the basal and aerial cover of the overall stand. The regeneration of the stand is very good (about 85% on average) but it represents very few species, especially of the Combretaceae family. This shows a tendency to a progressive loss of species richness in the woody stratum.

关键词： Flora Woody Species Vegetation Surveys Regeneration Kaffrine Region

Breeding Site Characteristics of Mosquito in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第3期12卷 210-223页

作者： Justine Kabore Komandan Mano moustapha Nikiema Salam Sankara Boureima Gustave Kabre Awa Gneme department of Animals Biology and Physiology Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso department of Sciences and Technology Universit OUEZZIN-COULIBALY Ddougou Burkina Faso Nouna Health Research Center Nouna Burkina Faso

Urban areas deal with the emergence or resurgence of transmissible and non-transmissible diseases, linked in particular to urban lifestyle and sanitation issues. Human practices create or maintain conditions that favour mosquitoes’ breeding. This study investigates mosquito breeding sites characteristics in Ouagadougou, from September to November 2020. Mosquito larvae were sampled across three districts in the city, chosen based on socio-demographic and urbanization levels. The larval collection from natural breeding sites using the ladle technique and larvae transferred to can. For artificial sites, the larvae were transferred directly into can Larvae were collected from 83 breeding sites, predominantly artificial: 39% in plastic containers, 23% in clay containers, and 13% in metal, while natural sites like puddles accounted for only 25%. A total of 8352 mosquitoes were identified as six species: Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Anopheles gambiae s.l., Anopheles funestus, and Mansonia africana. Ae. aegypti was the most prevalent, found across all breeding site types, whereas Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles gambiae were mainly in natural sites. Physico-chemical analysis of the breeding sites revealed that conductivity and turbidity were consistent across breeding sites. The highest median pH values were observed in ceramic and metal containers. Water temperature showed minimal variation. The presence of Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus correlated with higher water temperature, turbidity, and conductivity. Anopheles funestus preferred high pH environments. Conversely, Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Mansonia africana were less influenced by these parameters. The findings underscore the need for community involvement in water and waste management to control mosquito populations, especially targeting the Aedes aegypti species. Raising awareness among locals about proper water storage and disposal practices is crucial for ef

关键词： Breeding Site Mosquito Urbanization Household Water Burkina Faso

Humoral Response and Tolerance of Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in Adults Senegalese Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Multicenter Prospective Study

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第1期14卷 70-80页

作者： Lot Nehemie Motoula Latou moustapha Mbow Modou Ndongo Gnagna Faye Gora Lo Sidy Mohamed Seck department of Nephrology and dialysis Military Hospital of Ouakam Dakar Senegal Immunology Laboratory Military Hospital of Ouakam Dakar Senegal department of Nephrology and dialysis Regional Hospital of Kedougou Kedougou Senegal department of Nephrology Idrissa Pouye General Hospital Dakar Senegal Bacterioloy and Virology Laboratory CMIA Dakar Senegal IRL-3189 ESS/UGB/CNRS/UCAd/CNRST/USTB Faculty of Health Sciences University Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Senegal

Introduction: Following the COVId-19 pandemic, vaccination has been proposed in several countries as the main preventive measure despite very limited data, particularly in dialysis patients. We conducted this study to assess the immunological response to vaccination in Senegalese hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective study, in two dialysis centers in dakar from March 30th to August 30th, 2021 including patients on hemodialysis for >6 months, vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 according to the vaccination schedule recommended by WHO. A vaccine response was considered positive when seroconversion was observed after one dose of vaccine. The clinical efficacy of immunization was defined as the absence of new COVId-19 infection in patients who received a complete vaccination. Results: Among the 81 patients included in the study, 7.4% had anti-Spike IgM antibodies before their first vaccination. Seroprevalence of IgM antibodies was 38.3% one month after the first vaccine dose (at M1) and 8.6% one month after the second dose (at M4). Anti-Spike IgG antibodies were present in 40.3% of patients before vaccination, in 90.1% at M1, and in 59.7% at M4. Among patients previously infected with SARS-CoV-2, 10.2% had IgM antibodies at M0, 31.6% at M1, and 10.5% at M4 post-vaccination. Similarly, seroprevalences of IgG antibodies in this subgroup were 31.5%, 61.3%, and 50.0% respectively at M0, M1, and M4 post-vaccination. A comparison of seroconversion rates between M0 and M4 showed significant differences only for IgG in COVId-19 naive patients. Mean duration in dialysis and the existence of previous COVId-19 infection were associated with patients’ vaccinal response after the two doses. Age, gender and the use of immunosuppressive treatment did not influence post-vaccinal antibody production. Conclusion: Vaccination against COVId-19 in Senegalese hemodialysis patients induced a low seroconversion rate but it was well tolerated. M

关键词： SARS-Cov2 Vaccination Humoral Response Tolerance Hemodialysis Senegal

Neuroanatomical Basis of Postoperative Pain and Assessment of Its Management in a Series of Patients Undergoing Caesarean Sections

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Pain Studies and Treatment 2024年第2期12卷 21-32页

作者： moustapha.d.edhiou Philippe Manyacka Ma Nyemb Ndiamé Sarr Aissatou Sarr Ousmane Thiam Mohamed Lamine Fall Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Gaston Berger Saint Louis University Saint Louis Senegal Intensive Care Unit Saint Louis Regional Hospital Saint Louis Senegal

Introduction: In recent decades, the cost of postoperative pain has been the subject of many studies based on protocols developed by scientific societies for its assessment and optimization. At the Regional Hospital of Saint-Louis (Senegal), several protocols have been developed for pain management, but no study has focused on the assessment of postoperative pain management specifically. We therefore initiated this work, the objectives of which were to remind the neuroanatomical and neurophysiological bases of postoperative pain, and to analyze the assessment and management of this pain in patients who have undergone a caesarean section. Materials and methods: This was a prospective and descriptive study, which took place in the gynecology-obstetrics department, over a period from January 2019 to July 2020. All patients who gave birth by cesarean section were included. The data was collected from a survey sheet written for this purpose. For each of the patients, the information was taken every day throughout the duration of postoperative hospitalization. Results: It appears from our work that after a cesarean section, the pain felt evolves on the first postoperative days with a peak during the second day. As in the data reported in the literature, there does not seem to be a difference in terms of pain intensity and analgesia dosage between scheduled and emergency caesarean sections. However, young age and female gender—for other types of surgeries—are risk factors associated with high postoperative pain scores. This trend is probably related to the low pain experience of tested patients. Our initial hypothesis was that acute post-operative pain after caesarean sections could be linked to defects in the perception and processing of pain by caregivers. Indeed, we have shown that awareness-raising, information, and training actions have made it possible to significantly improve the management of pain after a cesarean section. Conclusion: After a cesarean section the p

关键词： Postoperative Pain Neuroanatomical Bases Assessment Cesarean Section

Kostmann’s Neutropenia: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期14卷 869-872页

作者： Khaoula Achir Ilham Tadmori Mounia Lakhdar Idrissi Fatima Zahra Souilmi Mohamed Hbibi moustapha Hida Pediatric department of CHU Hassan II in Fez Fez Morocco

Kostmann syndrome, or severe congenital neutropenia, is a rare condition in children marked by a neutrophil count of less than 500/mm3. This congenital agranulocytosis, an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, is often first identified by a neonatal infectious syndrome. The deficiency in neutrophils increases susceptibility to bacterial and fungal infections. Prior to the availability of hematopoietic growth factors, the disease was associated with significant morbidity and early mortality. We present the case of a 17-month-old boy who was admitted to the pediatric emergency department at Hassan II University Hospital in Fes with skin abscesses.

关键词： Kostmann Syndrome Severe Congenital Neutropenia Skin Abscesses

Manufacture of Industrial Refractory Crucibles Based on Clays from Burkina Faso

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 79-90页

作者： Kassoum Barry Youssouf Sawadogo moustapha Sawadogo Brahima Sorgho Mohamed Seynou Boubié Guel Philippe Blanchart Lamine Zerbo Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry and Materials (LC2M) University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institute of Research for Ceramic (IRCER) European Ceramic Centre (CEC) Limoges France

In Burkina Faso, one of the three largest gold producers in West Africa, foundry activity is often paralyzed when basic equipment such as crucibles and cups are not available or should be imported. However, previous studies have shown the availability of kaolinite-rich clay resources that could be used for the local manufacture of silico-aluminous ceramic crucibles. This work allowed to manufacture industrial ceramic crucibles with local clays and then they were tested in foundry industry. The materials were manufactured from three (03) raw materials including two clays (SAB and ROU) and sand. The chemical and mineral analysis has shown that the raw materials are suitable for the formulation of refractory materials. The results of characterization of the materials formulated showed that the properties of use are appreciable. The porosity of the materials is relatively low (23 - 28 vol%) with a diametral compressive strength between 0.61 and 1.34 MPa. Crucibles sintered at 1250˚C with a stay of 2 hours have a mechanical strength capable of supporting the weight of the ores contained. These crucibles have a refractoriness under load (T0.5) above 1141˚C and resist chemical attacks. Tests were carried out in the industry at 1100˚C, and the results were satisfactory.

关键词： Refractory Foundry Activity Compressive Strength Chemical Resistance

Optimisation of Thermal Comfort of Building in a Hot and dry Tropical Climate: A Comparative Approach between Compressed Earth/Concrete Block Envelopes

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 1-16页

作者： Arnaud Louis Sountong-Noma Ouedraogo Césaire Hema Sjoerd moustapha N’guiro Philbert Nshimiyimana Adamah Messan Laboratoire Eco-Matériaux et Habitat durable (LEMHad) Institut International de l’Ingénierie de l’eau et de l’environnement (Institut 2iE) Rue de la science 01 BP 594 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Compressed earth blocks (CEB) are an alternative to cement blocks in the construction of wall masonry. However, the optimal architectural construction methods for adequate thermal comfort for occupants in hot and arid environments are not mastered. This article evaluates the influence of architectural and constructive modes of buildings made of CEB walls and concrete block walls, to optimize and compare their thermal comfort in the hot and dry tropical climate of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Two identical pilot buildings whose envelopes are made of CEB and concrete blocks were monitored for this study. The thermal models of the pilot buildings were implemented in the SketchUp software using an extension of EnergyPlus. The models were empirically validated after calibration against measured thermal data from the buildings. The models were used to do a parametric analysis for optimization of the thermal performances by simulating plaster coatings on the exterior of walls, airtight openings and natural ventilation depending on external weather conditions. The results show that the CEB building displays 7016 hours of discomfort, equivalent to 80.1% of the time, and the concrete building displays 6948 hours of discomfort, equivalent to 79.3% of the time. The optimization by modifications reduced the discomfort to 2918 and 3125 hours respectively;i.e. equivalent to only 33.3% for the CEB building and 35.7% for the concrete building. More study should evaluate thermal optimizations in buildings in real time of usage such as residential buildings commonly used by the local middle class. The use of CEB as a construction material and passive means of improving thermal comfort is a suitable ecological and economical option to replace cementitious material.

关键词： Compressed Earth Blocks Hot and dry Climate Thermal Comfort Architectural Optimization of Thermal Models Cement Blocks Empirical Validation

Velocity Form Calculations of Generalized Oscillator Strengths for 3s→ (3p, 4p, 5p, 6p) dipole Transitions of Atomic Sodium in debye Plasma

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第6期14卷 1512-1529页

作者： Louis Gomis Clement diatta moustapha Sadibou Tall Ibrahima Gueye Faye Rama Gomis Yande diouf Mamadou Coulibaly Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas et de Recherches Interdisciplinaires Departement de Physique Universite Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

In this paper, the generalized oscillator strengths (GOSs) of excitations of atomic sodium from ground state to 2p63s0 (3p, 4p, 5p, 6p) states, immersed in debye plasma, were calculated by using wavefunctions which were obtained numerically from the restricted Hartree-Fock (RHF) equation. This RHF equation employs the local density approach for exchange interactions including plasma debye screening. Theoretical RHF and random phase approximation with exchange (RPAE) velocity calculations have shown that the GOSs for excitations to 3 s0(3 p,4 p,5 p,6 p)depend on the plasma debye screening effects, as shown by the reduction in the GOS amplitude with decreasing debye length λd. The agreement between the present RPAE V results for the transitions 3 s→3 s0(3 p,4 p,5 p)and the length calculations of Martínez-Flores was satisfactory. Correlation effects were found quite to be significant in the vicinity of the maxima of the GOS of the 3 s→3 s0(4 p,5 p,6 p)excitations by using the RPAE V approach. We note the poor influence of many electron correlations on the GOS of (3 s→3 p)transition with the same principal quantum number. Finally, we comment that the RPAE V calculations are useful in investigating electron correlation effects on the transition GOS of atomic sodium planted in debye plasma. The present velocity results also reveal that the 3 s→3 s0(5p, 6p)transition GOSs tend to be delocalized due to more significant screening effects at debye lengths λd=20and 30 a.u. for excited subshells 5p and 6p, respectively. We report here novel results of GOS for 3 s→3 s06ptransition obtained from different debye lengths.

关键词： Plasma Screening Effect Correlation Effect Sodium Atomic Velocity Form GOS Restricted Hatree-Fock Random Phase Approximation with Exchange