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Modulation of the in vitro Oxidative Stress and Erythrocyte Cell Membrane Integrity Using Aqueous, Hydroethanolic and Ethanolic Stem-Barks Extracts of Greenwayodendron suaveolens (Engl. & Diels) Verdc

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2024年第3期15卷 39-61页

作者： Patrick Hervé Diboue Betote moustapha gambo abdoulaye Francis Ngolsou Esther Del Florence Ndedi Moni Adeline Sabine Fanta Yadang Fidel Castro Lah Weyepe Gabriel A. Agbor Nga Nnanga Maximilienne Ascension Nyegue Laboratory of Pharmacology and Drugs Discovery Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies Yaoundé Cameroon Laboratory of Microbiology Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Multidisciplinary Laboratory Department of Galenical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Law Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Physicochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies Yaoundé Cameroon

Pneumonia, a respiratory infection induces acute or chronic inflammation, characterized by increased activity of lymphocytes and neutrophils, thus generating oxygen-free radicals that decrease the endogenous antioxidants defence system. The aim of this experimental study focused on the capacity of nontoxic aqueous, hydroethanolic and ethanolic extracts of Greenwayodendron suaveolens (Engl. & Diels) Verdc. subsp. suaveolens to regulate free reactive species and protein inflammation generated by infectious disease. The phytochemical screenings of G. suaveolens extracts were carried out according to precipitation and colorimetric methods. The total antioxidant and flavonoid contents were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu and Aluminium Chloride ethanolic methods. The efficiency of G. suaveolens extracts on free radicals was evaluated using DPPH•, ABTS+•, and FRAP methods. The anti-inflammatory properties of extracts were evaluated according to in vitro protein (BSA) denaturation, Proteinase Inhibitory Action, and Red Blood Cell Membrane stabilization assays. The G. suaveolens aqueous, hydroethanolic and ethanolic extracts were used for the acute toxicity assessment according to the OECD protocol. The obtained results showed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, polyphenols, tannins, anthocyanins, alkaloids, terpenoids, and sterols as secondary metabolites families in G. suaveolens extracts. The highest contents of total antioxidants and flavonoids were highlighted in the hydroethanolic extract. However, it’s the G. suaveolens aqueous extract that showed the best free radical DPPH• and ABTS+• scavenging activities (SC50) of 11.06 μg/mL and 15.16 μg/mL respectively. The highest ferric-reducing activity was found in G. suaveolens ethanolic extract with 866.23 μg EGA/mg of dry weight. The hydroethanolic extract has shown a high anti-inflammatory activity through BSA denaturation and erythrocyte membrane haemolysis with i

关键词： Greenwayodendron suaveolens Secondary Metabolites Oxidative Stress Antioxidant Activity Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Oral Acute Toxicity

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Epdemiology and Treatment of Pseudarthrosis of Long Bones in the Servce D Orthopedics-Traumatology of the University Hospital of Donka

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第3期14卷 133-138页

作者： Camara Nouhou Mangué Diallo Mamadou moustapha moustapha Alhassane Diallo Alpha Mamadou Fela Sidimé Sory Camara abdoulaye Kolié Germain Lamah Léopold Service d’Orthopédie-Traumatologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Donka Conakry Republic of Guinea

Introduction: Pseudarthrosis (PSA) of the diaphysis of long bones still remains a current problem, despite improvements in the treatment of these fractures. Our study aims to study the epidemiological and therapeutic aspects of PSA of the diaphysis of long bones. Method: This retrospective work concerns 30 cases of non-union of the diaphysis of long bones treated in the orthopedic and trauma surgery department at Donka National Hospital, during a period of 18 months from January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020. Results: We recruited 30 patients, 80% of whom were male, with an average age of 39.9 years. Public road accidents (AVP) represented the main cause of fractures of the diaphysis of long bones 87%, they were open in 25 cases or 83%. The fractures were located in the middle 1/3 of the diaphysis of the long bones in 50% of cases. Treatment of initial fractures was traditional in 21 cases, orthopedic in 2 cases and surgical in 7 cases. It was aseptic nonunion in 28 cases (93%) and septic nonunion in 2 cases. They were hypertrophic in 7 cases, slightly hypertrophic in 5 cases, oligotrophic in 11 cases, atrophic in 6 cases and with bone defect in 1 case. The treatment was based on osteosynthesis including 16 cases of screwed “PV” plate: 7 cases of centromedullary “ECM” nailing, 2 cases of external fixator, 1 case of broaching and 4 cases of Plastering. The results according to ASAMI criteria on an anatomical level were excellent in 19 cases, good in 3 cases and poor in 3 cases, with a union rate of 76%. And 5 patients undergoing consolidation. Conclusion: Based on the literature data and the experience of our department, the true treatment of PSA requires correct management of the initial fracture without forgetting the interest in preventing AVP which appears to be an element essential, making it possible to reduce the incidence of fractures of the diaphysis.

关键词： Pseudarthrosis Aseptic-Septic-Diaphysis Long Bones Screwed Plate Intramedullary Nailing Bone Graft Osteo-Muscular Decortication

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Osgood Schlatter Disease: Study of 2 Observations in Conakry, Guinea

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 77-83页

作者： Adama Bah Laetitia Cynthia Abandazegoue Andjembe abdoulaye Barry Mamadou Lamine Diallo moustapha Niasse Aly Badra Kamissoko Rheumatology Department Ignace Deen Hospital Conakry Conakry Guin&#233e Rheumatology Department CHU Aristide Le Dantec of Dakar Dakar S&#233n&#233gal Department of Rhumatology Sylvanus Olypio University Hospital Lom&#233 Lom&#233 Togo

Introduction: OSD is a growth osteochondrosis affecting the apophyseal cartilage of the anterior tibial tuberosity of the knee, 20 to 30% of young growing athletes suffer from this pathology, described by Osgood and Schlatter in 1903. Objective: To report 2 observations and review the literature. Observation 1: This was a 14-year-old Guinean teenager, Halpoular, living in Conakry, a right-handed footballer who presented with a painful swelling of the right knee that looked mechanical, whose father had HLA B27 positive ankylosing spondylitis. X-ray of the right knee showed fragmentation of the anterior tibial tuberosities, and ossicle with edema of the patellar tendons at stage 4 according to Ehrenbord and Lagergren (1961). Thus, the disease of OSD is retained, He received 120 mg of diclofenac, 20 mg omeprazole for 1 month and the cessation of sports activity, the evolution was favorably marked by the regression of pain. Observation 2: A 16-year-old girl, initials M.L.T, Guinean, residing in Coyah (Republic of Guinea), a handball player, consulted for intense pain (VAS: 8/10) in her knees after a violent shock received when she hit the post. The physical examination found a painful, soft swelling at the anterior tibial tuberosity of the right knee, the rest of the examination was normal. The X-ray of the right knee shows fragmentation of the anterior tibial tuberosity, and ossicle with edema of the patellar tendon at stage 4 according to Ehrenbord and Lagergren 1961, thus the OSD disease is retained, the treatment instituted was 120 mg of diclofenac, the cessation of sports activity which gives a good evolution (EVA at 2/10). Conclusion: OSD is a growth osteochondrosis affecting the apophyseal cartilage of the anterior tibial tuberosity of the knee in young growing athletes, resolving at rest.

关键词： Osgood Shlatter Disease Young Athlete

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Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome, a Rare Complication of Severe Malnutrition: Two Cases from a Subsaharian Endocrinology Department

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第4期14卷 87-93页

作者： Nafy Ndiaye Ngone Diaba Diack Yakham Mohamed Leye Sokhna Awa Balla Sall Moussa Gueye Mouhamed Fawaz Mouhamadou moustapha Ndong abdoulaye Leye Department of Internal Medecine and Endocrinology Teaching Hospital of Pikine Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS), a rare diagnosis due to compression of the third duodenum between the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the aorta resulting in bowel obstruction, may lead to severe malnutrition. We report two cases of patients hospitalised in the Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nutrition Department of the National Hospital Center (NHC) of Pikine. Observations: Patient 1: A 35-year-old female was referred for an aetiological diagnosis due to a rapid weight loss of 15 kilograms in one month, accompanied by persistent vomiting, following an appendectomy performed a month before admission. Upon clinical examination, she presented severe malnutrition (Buzby index of 76%), early post-prandial chronic vomiting, and a poor general condition. An abdominal CT scan revealed aortomesenteric clamp syndrome (AMCS) with an angulation between the aorta and the SMA of 13˚. The underlying cause in this patient was severe malnutrition. Fortunately, her condition improved with medical treatment. Patient 2: We report the case of a 30-year-old female hospitalized due to unusual weight-bearing post-prandial epigastric pain and intermittent vomiting over the past six months. Upon physical examination at admission, she exhibited severe malnutrition with a body mass index (BMI) of 14 kg/m2, a Buzby index of 71%, trophic disorders, and a stage IV general condition assessment according to the World Health Organization (WHO). An abdominal CT scan revealed AMCS with an angle between the aorta and the SMA of 22˚ and an aortomesenteric space of 4 mm. The outcome was poor with medical treatment failure and, unfortunately, the patient died before surgery. Conclusion: SMAS is rarely evoked in clinical practice despite the presence of contributing factors and suggestive clinical signs. The prognosis depends on management time.

关键词： Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome Malnutrition Pikine

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Overview of Adrenals Tumors in Dakar Hospitals

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 141-150页

作者： Nafy Ndiaye Yakham Mohamed Leye Mouhamadou moustapha Ndong Ngoné Diaba Diack Amadou Fall Cisse abdoulaye Leye Baidy Sy Kane Alpha Omar Touré Cherif Mohamed Dial Pape Saloum Diop Internalmedeccine and Endocrinology Department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Dakar Senegal General Surgery Department Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital of Dakar Dakar Senegal Anatomo-Pathology Department General Hospital of Grand Yoff Dakar Dakar Senegal General Surgery Department General Hospital of Grand Yoff Dakar Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Adrenal tumours (AT) are commonly encountered in clinical practice. For any patient presenting an adrenal mass, there are two crucial points to consider: is the adrenal mass malignant and is it hormonally active? The objective of our study was to evaluate the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects of AT in a developing country. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective study spanning 17 years (from January 2005 to October 2022) in four Dakar hospital services. We included all patient medical records with explored AT. Results: AT was diagnosed in 35 patients who had a mean age of 36.62 years (range: 12-79), and a female predominance (26 women to 9 men). Among these patients, 17.2 % had incidental AT. Hypertension was the commonest presenting symptom in 27 patients (77%), which was associated with Mnards triad in 14 patients (40%). Abdominal pain was reported by 20 patients (57%), and 14 presented with an abdominal mass. Among the patients, 29 had functional AT: 22 with pheochromocytoma, 5 with primary hyperaldosteronism, and 2 with hypercortisolism. Imaging evaluations revealed that 33 patients had unilateral AT and one had bilateral AT. Tumour sizes varied, 5 patients had tumours 10 cm. Two patients presented with metastases. The therapeutic approach involved adrenalectomy in 32 patients. Perioperative complications were observed in five patients, including haemorrhage (two patients), hypotension (two cases), and hypertensive crisis (one case). One patient with bilateral pheochromocytoma developed acute adrenal insufficiency postoperatively, followed by abdominal herniation. Histopathological examination confirmed pheochromocytoma in 21 patients, Conns adenoma in 5, adrenocortical carcinoma in 3, cortisol adenoma in 2, and adrenal cyst in 1 patient. Non-functional AT included adrenocortical carcinoma (three patients), adrenal cyst (one patient), and pheochromocytoma (two patients). After a one-year follow-up, 29 patients wit

关键词： Tumour Adrenal Pheochromocytoma Conn Adrenocortical Carcinoma Dakar

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Nutritional Profile of Children with Major Sickle Cell Syndrome at the Centre of Medical and Health Advice of Kipé, Conakry, 2018

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第3期13卷 73-84页

作者： Mamadou Aliou Doukoure Ibrahima Sory Diallo M’mah Aminata Bangoura Amadou Oury Toure Mamadou moustapha Diop Fatoumata Binta Diallo Mohamed Sama Cherif Thierno Saidou Diallo Saidouba Cherif Camara abdoulaye Toure Faculty of Health Science and Technology Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea National AIDS Control Programme Ministry of Health Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Growth is a reflection of a child’s health and nutritional status. Children with sickle cell disease often have slower statural and weight development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional profile of children with sickle cell disease (SCD) registered in the CEMECO centre database. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study with simple random sampling of children aged 1 to 16 years registered in the clinic database. Results: We collected information on 208 children, 121 of whom had sickle cell disease and 87 of whom were normal, with a sex ratio of 1.02. The mean age of the sickle cell patients was 8.7 ± 4.4 years, while that of the non-sickle cell patients was 9.5 ± 4 years. Haemoglobin electrophoresis revealed 103 homozygous (SS), 18 double heterozygous (SC, SBetaThal, SE) and 87 normal (AA) and/or sickle cell trait (AS) sickle cell cases. We observed a significant difference in the height/age ratio (P ¥). Conclusion: The results of our study revealed stunted growth in children with sickle cell disease.

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Nutrition Growth Puberty Guinea

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Management of Vulnating Esophageal Foreign Bodies in Burkina Faso

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第2期13卷 135-148页

作者： Ibrahima Diallo Aboubacar Gouéta Alseny Camara Assoumi Anatou Biga Mama Brigitte Ouoba Edi Emmanuel Martial Nao moustapha Sérémé Bertin Priva Ouédraogo Yvette Marie Chantal Gyébré abdoulaye Keita Alpha Oumar Diallo ENT and HNS Department Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso ENT and HNS Department Bogodogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso ENT and HNS Department Tengandogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso ENT and HNS Department Conakry University Hospital Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Esophageal foreign bodies (EFB) are a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency because of the serious complications they can cause. Aim: This paper aimed to study the vulnating esophageal foreign bodies in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery departments of the Yalgado Ouedraogo and Bogodogo University Hospital. Methodology: This was an analytic cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection over 10 years (2012-2021). Results: We collected 91 cases of vulnating esophageal foreign bodies, i.e. 9.1 cases/year (4.7%). The mean age of the patients was 14 ± 19 years. The sex ratio was 1.6. The circumstances of occurrence were dominated by accidental ingestion of vulnating esophageal foreign bodies (98.9%). The average time to consultation was 7.5 hours. Dysphagia was the dominant symptom (64.8%). Cervico-thoracic radiography found dual contour radiopaque images in 71.4%. Esophagoscopy with rigid tube was performed in 97.8%. The average time for extraction of the vulnating esophageal foreign bodies was 8 hours. Vulnerating esophageal foreign bodies were non-organic in 84.6%. The button cell represented 64.8%. Their location was cervical in 61.5% intraoperatively. The lesion assessment found ulcerative lesions in 42.9% (p Conclusion: Vulnating esophageal foreign bodies are relatively frequent in our ENT practice. Although their diagnosis is often easy, their treatment is still difficult and requires multidisciplinary management. Thus, for us, prevention remains the first effective weapon.

关键词： Foreign Bodies Esophagus Vulnerable Management Sequelae

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Profile of Autoantibodies and Clinical Symptoms in Guinean Patients with Connective Tissue Diseases

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Open Journal of Immunology 2024年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： Mariama Sadjo Diallo Doufin Traore Adame Diouf Djiba Kaba Issiaga Diallo Doudou Georges Massar Niang Alimou Camara Oumar Mouctar Diallo Boh Fanta Diane abdoulaye Barry Ouo-Ouo Yaramon Kolie moustapha Mbow Aly Badra Kamissoko Djibril Sylla Babacar Mbengue Mohamed Cisse Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de la Santé Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinée Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Nestor BANGOURA/Helene LABROUSSE H&#244pital de jour Donka CHU Donka Conakry Guinée Centre d’Excellence Africain Pour la Prévention et le Contrô le des Maladies Transmissibles Conakry Guinée Laboratoire d’Immunologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Service de Dermatologie-Vénérologie CHU Donka Conakry Guinée Service de Rhumatologie H&#244pital National Ignace Deen Conakry Guinée Service de Médecine Interne CHU Donka Conakry Guinée

Connective tissue diseases (CTDs) are Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) characterized by the appearance of autoantibodies, which are diagnostic markers. Investigations of these autoantibodies play a major role in the management of several autoimmune diseases. The objective of this study was to describe the profile of anti-ENA antibodies according to the clinical symptoms of mixed CTDs in Conakry teaching Hospital. We performed a cross-sectional study during six months. A total of 20 patients was recruited and we measured antibodies using the ELISA technique. The mean age of our patients was 36.5 years, with a predominance of females. Cutaneous and rheumatological signs were the main clinical manifestations. SLP was the most frequent CTDs;the threshold of ENA antibodies positivity was higher in scleroderma with and SLP. Anti-ENA identification reveals the frequency of anti-SSA (83.33%), anti-U1RNP (66.66%) and anti-histone (50%) antibodies. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) react with various components of the cell nucleus. Their detection is of major interest in the diagnosis of CTDs. Our results highlight the importance of determining the specificity of these antibodies to guide differential diagnosis.

关键词： Autoantibodies Extractible Nuclear Antigen (ENA) Connective Tissue Diseases ELISA

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Child Victims of Road Traffic Accidents: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects in the Medical and Surgical Emergency Department of the Donka National Hospital

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第3期13卷 63-72页

作者： Ibrahima Sory Diallo Mamadou moustapha Diop Amadou Oury Toure Mamadou Aliou Doukouré Aîssata Barry M’mah Aminata Bangoura Mariama Sadjo Diallo abdoulaye Oumare Diallo Salimatou Hassimiou Camara Thierno Mamadou Aliou Touré Ouo Ouo Kolié Mohamed Lamine Diallo Fatoumata Binta Diallo Ibrahima Sory Souaré Institute of Child Nutrition and Health Conakry Guinea Department of Pediatrics Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea UNICEF-Guinea Community Health Section Conakry Guinea Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Children involved in road accidents most often suffer head or limb injuries. The severity of these injuries varies according to the age of the child, the type of road user and whether or not protective devices are used. The aim of this study was to carry out a census of admissions and to identify the epidemiological and clinical profile of children involved in road traffic accidents at Donka National Hospital. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of children involved in traffic accidents over a 3-month period from September 1 to November 30, 2021. All children admitted to the emergency department for a traffic accident were included in the study. Results: During the study period, 435/530 children (82.1%) were victims of road accidents. Boys accounted for 54.94% of cases, compared with 45.06% for girls. The age group most affected was 12-17 years old (48.97%). October had the highest accident rate (36.4%). Pedestrians are most affected (52.87%). Bicycles and mopeds were involved in 59.77% of accidents. Head injury was the most frequent pathology (33.33%). The study showed that 12.64% of victims were referred to intensive care, pediatric surgery, etc. We recorded 8 cases of death (1.84%). Conclusion: This study highlighted the characteristics, incidence and risk factors for accidents in children admitted to emergency departments. Accident prevention, particularly serious accidents in children, requires more precise knowledge of the factors and circumstances leading to their occurrence.

关键词： Child Accident Public Highway Donka

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Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia of del 17p in a Young Subject: About a Case and Reviewed a Literature

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2022年第4期12卷 103-109页

作者： Amadou Djibrilla-Almoustapha moustapha Mamane-Brah moustapha Elhadj-Chefou Maman Rabiou Badé Faiza Abba-Ousmane Fanta Ousseini Oumoulkairou abdoulaye-Soumana Badé Malam-Abdou Departement of Onco-Hematology of the National Hospital of Niamey Niamey Niger Faculty of Health Science Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey Niamey Niger Faculty of Health Science André Salifou University of Zinder Zinder Niger Faculty of Health Science of Maradi Maradi Niger

Objective: To report a case of Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia in a 28-year-old young subject, with variable clinical features and a TP53 mutation, diagnosed and followed up in the Onco-Hematology department of the HNN. Observation: 28-year-old patient, having consulted for polyadenopathy and physical asthenia, whose clinical examination found a conscious patient, submaxillary, laterocervical, axillary and inguinal lymphadenopathy, bilateral, symmetrical, painless and non-compressive whose largest measures 3 cm in diameter. Hepato-splenomegaly and epistaxis. Predominantly lymphocyte hyperleukocytosis, immunophenotyping revealed low CD19+, CD5+, CD23+, CD20 monoclonal B lymphoid proliferation. The Matutes score was 4. A karyotype showed a three-chromosome translocation;the short arm of a chromosome 2, the long arm of a chromosome 11 and the long arm of a chromosome 13, and a translocation between the long arm of a chromosome 6 and the long arm of a chromosome 18. A FISH objectified a led 17p. The diagnosis of Binet Stage C CLL with positive del 17p and complex karyotype was retained. Despite the poor prognosis, the R-C (Rituximab-Chlorambucil) protocol was instituted with once-weekly transfusions. The patient is still alive in partial clinical and biological remission. Conclusion: Despite therapeutic progress, the presence of the deletion of chromosome 17p with TP53 mutation and the young age of the patient does not change the patient’s prognosis.

关键词： Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Young Subject del 17 p HNN Niger

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