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Critical Factors of Vulnerability That Enable Medina Gounass (Dakar/Senegal) to Adapt against Seasonal Flood Events

Journal of Geographic Information System 2016年第4期8卷 457-469页

作者： Ousmane Diouf Sané Amadou Thierno Gaye moussa diakhaté Mawuli Aziadekey Département de Géographie Université de Lomé WASCAL Lomé Togo Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Siméon Fongang (LPAOSF) Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar-Fann Sénégal Ecole Supérieure d’Agronomie Université de Lomé Lomé Togo

This paper focuses on people living in Medina Gounass where has been experiencing annually flood events during the rainy season. Besides the climatic conditions, the lack of formal amenity plan has led to the emergence of highly vulnerable urban communities, particularly through informal settlements and inadequate land management. Flood has disrupted their livelihood and caused huge loss of properties. Thus, inhabitants have a long experience of flood events. The study was carried out to assess critical aspects that led Medina Gounass inhabitants vulnerable to flood. Consequently, people in the study area have been practicing various methods at household to mitigate the probable losses. The study found that flood adaptation measures can be made more effective through community initiatives and their participation than at household level which sometimes causes harm in the neighborhood. Structural and non-structural flood management approach seems to be more efficient to alleviate Medina Gounass inhabitants from the flood problems.

关键词： Factors Vulnerability Medina Gounass Adaptation Flood

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Social Vulnerability Assessment to Flood in Medina Gounass Dakar

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2015年第4期7卷 415-429页

作者： Ousmane Diouf Sané Amadou Thierno Gaye moussa diakhaté Mawuli Aziadekey Université de Lomé WASCAL Département de Géographie Lomé Togo Université Cheikh Anta Diop Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Siméon Fongang (LPAOSF) Dakar-Fann Sénégal Université de Lomé Ecole Supérieure d’Agronomie Lomé Togo

This paper is about the assessment of social vulnerability (SV) as a critical component of comprehensive disaster risk assessment. This study was conducted in Medina Gounass Dakar, Senegal, to bring out evidence that flooding was a threat to human security. The aim of this present study is to assess the social vulnerability to flood in Medina Gounass. Survey was carried out using structured questionnaires drawn on one hundred randomly selected households. For vulnerability assessment, the Methods for the Improvement of Vulnerability Assessment in Europe (MOVE) framework and Arc GIS are used to characterize vulnerability through three key factors, namely, 1) exposure, 2) susceptibility, and 3) lack of resilience. As a result, Medina Gounass inhabitants have a particular relationship with the place they have been living for decades. Although facing diseases and many challenges in their everyday life, people actually resist the government’s relocation projects because of their symbolic relationship with the area.

关键词： Assessment Flood Social Vulnerability Medina Gounass

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Change in Climate Indices Using Bias-Adjusted CMIP5 Models: The Case Study of the Fatick Region, Senegal

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American Journal of Climate Change 2022年第4期11卷 307-330页

作者： Ibrahima Camara Quentin Lejeune Dimitri Defrance Mame Diarra Bousso Dieng Issa Sakho Youssouph Sane Mélinda Noblet moussa diakhaté Benjamen Sultan Saidou Moustapha Sall Sérigne Faye Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’océan Ecoloe Supérieure Polytechnique Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar Dakar Sénégal Climate Analytics Berlin Germany The Climate Data Factory Paris France Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research-Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU) Karlsruhe Germany Université Amadou Mahtar Mbow (UAM) Dakar Sénégal Agence Nationale de l’Aviation Civile et de la Météorologie (ANACIM) Dakar Sénégal Département de Géologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar Dakar Sénégal

This study analyses change in rainfall and temperature indices by 2035 and 2050 in Senegal, with a focus on the Fatick region. These parameters are crucial for understanding the impacts of anthropogenic climate change on some vital socio-economic sectors such as agriculture and water resources in this region. To this end, a multi model ensemble mean of 21 bias-adjusted global climate models participating in CMIP5 has been used. We considered two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The results indicate an increase of 0.7˚C for maximum and minimum temperature by 2035 compared to the reference period (1976 - 2005). By 2050, an increase of 1.4˚C (2˚C) is projected for RCP4.5 (RCP8.5). These increases in temperature are statistically significant at the 90% confidence level. Conversely, the mean rainy season length decreases from 95 to 85 days by 2035 and less than 80 days by 2050. These decreases in rainy season length are mainly due to a delayed rainy season onset by 2035 and 2050, with the ensemble mean projecting an onset in the second half of July by 2050 instead of around the middle of June. The changes in both the onset and the length of the rainy season are significant at the 90% confidence level. Our results show a slight decrease in seasonal cumulated total rainfall by 2035 and 2050. However, we note a slight increase in seasonal cumulated extreme rainfall. These future changes in climate indices could induce yield reduction and water resources availability. To reduce yield losses, it would be interesting to adopt longer season varieties and also diversify income-generating activities. Concerning water resources, many actions could be done such as carrying out water retention works, treatment and reuse of non-conforming water for agriculture and livestock to reduce pressure on the resource.

关键词： Climate Indices CMIP5 Fatick (Senegal) RCP4.5 and RCP8.5

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