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Journal of Modern Physics 2022年第3期13卷 267-273页

作者： Papa Mady Sy mounibé diarra Laboratory of Physics and Pharmaceutical Biophysics Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology UCAD Dakar Senegal

This study focuses on the development possibilities of radiotracers used in PET in Senegal. This is a literature review that develops the production of 68-Gallium (68Ga[Ga]) via a medium to low energy cyclotron. It shows the possibility of producing 68Ga[Ga] with a simple production reaction using a target of 68Zn. This reaction provides high production yields, at the end of the bombardment (EOB), reaching up to 80 times the activity of a generator. PET imaging may offer better sensitivity and spatial resolution compared to SPECT which is currently used in Senegal. The acquisition of this type of medium to low energy accelerator in Senegal may constitute an important phase in the development of radiotracers with the objective of installing a PET imaging. However, solutions must be provided to minimize the presence of isotopic impurities.

关键词： Gallium-68 PET Radiotracers Cyclotron Senegal

Multiple Emulsions Able to Be Used for Oral Administration of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients: Physico-Chemical Parameters Study of Different Phases

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Journal of Modern Physics 2020年第10期11卷 1528-1535页

作者： Louis Augustin Diaga Diouf Alphonse Rodrigue Djiboune Mamadou Soumboundou Sidy Mouhamed Dieng Papa Mady Sy Gora Mbaye mounibé diarra Pharmaceutical Physics and Biophysics Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Pharmaceutical Physics and Biophysics Laboratory Healthy UFR of Thies University of Thies Thies Senegal Galenic and Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory Healthy UFR of Thies University of Thies Thies Senegal

Multiple emulsions are of great therapeutic interest especially in the administration of medicines which can be inactivated by digestive enzymes;moreover the researches of formulation not being often easy, a control of the different phases physicochemical parameters would be of great interest in rapid formulations and at low cost. When formulating emulsions, the preliminary tests, also known as formulation tests, constitute a step which can be long and expensive because of the quantity of reagents that can be used. A rigorous methodology could thus be of great interest, which is at the aim of our study which consists of evaluating the physico-chemical parameters of different phases used to make thus multiple emulsions. In our study, physico-chemical parameters such as conductivity, pH, density, viscosity, and surface tension have been studied by direct measurement using equipment and also by means of suitable mounting. The results showed that the pH and the surface tension have an important role in the prediction of the stability of emulsions, these latter must be of the same order of magnitude. For all phases conductivity does not have too much interest apart from helping to determine the type of the emulsion.

关键词： Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Multiple Emulsions Stability Physico-Chemical Parameters

Eudragit^®-PEG Nanoparticles: Physicochemical Characterization and Interfacial Tension Measurements

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2024年第2期14卷 121-131页

作者： Papa Mady Sy Sidy Mouhamed Dieng Alphonse Rodrigue Djiboune Louis Augustin Diaga Diouf Boucar Ndong Gora Mbaye mounibé diarra Laboratory of Physics and Pharmaceutical Biophysics Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology UCAD Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Galenic Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology UCAD Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Medical Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology UCAD Dakar Senegal

The objectives of this study are to understand the mechanisms involved in the stabilization of water/oil interfaces by polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) (Eudragit®). Eudragit L100 NPs of various sizes and Zeta potentials were studied and compared at a water/cyclohexane model interface using a droplet tensiometer (Tracker Teclis, Longessaigne, France). The progressive interfacial adsorption of the NPs in the aqueous phase was monitored by tensiometry. The model interface was maintained and observed in a drop tensiometer, analyzed via axisymmetric drop shape analysis (ADSA), to determine the interfacial properties. Given the direct relationship between the stability of Pickering emulsions (emulsions stabilized by solid nanoparticles) and the interfacial properties of these layers, different nanoparticle systems were compared. Specifically, Eudragit NPs of different sizes were examined. Moreover, the reduction of the Zeta potential with PEG-6000 induces partial aggregation of the NPs (referred to as NP flocs), significantly impacting the stability of the interfacial layer. Dynamic surface tension measurements indicate a significant decrease in interfacial tension with Eudragit® nanoparticles (NPs). This reduction correlates with the size of the NPs, highlighting that this parameter does not operate in isolation. Other factors, such as the contact angle and wettability of the nanoparticles, also play a critical role. Notably, larger NPs further diminished the interfacial tension. This study enhances our understanding of the stability of Pickering emulsions stabilized by Eudragit® L100 polymeric nanoparticles.

关键词： Nanoparticles Eudragit® PEG Interfacial Tension Pickering Emulsion

In Vitro Evaluation of the Physicochemical Compatibility of Four Perfusion Mixtures: Case of an Ampoule of Paluject® in Glucose Serum with/or without Vogalene®

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第13期15卷 2398-2406页

作者： Alphonse Rodrigue Djiboune Papa Mady Sy Abdou Faye Mamadou Soumboundou Sidy Mouhamed Dieng Mariama Dianké Diédhiou Louis Augustin Diaga Diouf Gora Mbaye mounibé diarra Physical Pharmaceutic Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Biophysics Laboratory Healthy UFR of Thies University of Thies Thies Senegal Galenic and Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory Healthy UFR of Thies University of Thies Thies Senegal

In this study, the physicochemical compatibility and stability of four drug mixtures were evaluated, and the common drug mixtures used in the treatment of severe malaria in children were simulated by gravity perfusion dynamic simulation experiment. The results showed that under experimental conditions, all drug mixtures exhibited clear transparency, stable density and refractive index, and pH values changed by no more than one unit, demonstrating compatibility and stability during the study period.

关键词： Physicochemical Compatibility and Stability Perfusion Paluject® Glucose Serum Vogalene®

Water/Oil Pickering Emulsion Stabilized by Magnesium Oxide Particles: A Potential System with Two Active Substances (Paracetamol and Griseofulvin)

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2018年第2期8卷 68-84页

作者： Papa Mady Sy Alphonse Rodrigue Djiboune Louis Augustin Diaga Diouf Mamadou Soumboundou Boucar Ndong Augustin Ndiaye Sidy M. Dieng Ousseynou Diop El Hadji A. L. Bathily Gora Mbaye Mack Faye Mamadou Mbodj mounibé diarra Laboratory of Physics and Pharmaceutical Biophysics Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology UCAD Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Medical Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology UCAD Dakar Senegal

Pickering emulsions are systems without surfactants, stabilized by solid particles. These emulsions are experiencing a renewed interest, on the one hand, because it is preferable to limit the use of synthetic surfactants for toxicological and environmental reasons and, on the other hand, the need to make new formulations in order to control the drug release patterns by encapsulation or controlled release. Thus, we were interested in the formulation and evaluation of W/O Pickering emulsions stabilized by particles of magnesium oxide with paracetamol in the internal phase and griseofulvin in the external phase. The Bancroft rule served as a model for the formulation. The emulsification was carried out by progressively adding an aqueous phase dispersed in an oil-dispersing phase using a turbo rotor stator mixer. The stability of these emulsions was studied using several parameters (droplet size, pH, viscosity, conductivity ...) and the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the active ingredients by UV-visible spectrophotometry. The results obtained showed that the dye test and the conductivity measurement confirmed the W/O nature of these emulsions. Some parameters such as droplet size, pH and viscosity were strongly influenced by the amounts of magnesium oxide particles and the two active ingredients used. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the active ingredients confirmed the presence of griseofulvin in the oil phase and paracetamol in the aqueous phase. Thus, we have succeeded in developing a stable W/O Pickering emulsion with magnesium oxide particles. In addition, we were able to incorporate paracetamol into the dispersed phase and griseofulvin into the dispersing phase of the emulsion.

关键词： Emulsion Pickering-Mgo-Griseofulvin-Paracetamol

Contribution of Bone Scintigraphy in the Diagnosis of a Case of SAPHO in the Nuclear Medicine Department of Idrissa Pouye General Hospital (Dakar, Senegal)

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2024年第1期14卷 1-9页

作者： El Hadji Amadou Lamine Bathily Kalidou Gueye Serigne Moussa Badiane Mamoudou Salif Djigo Gora Thiaw Ousseynou Diop Olatounde Herbert Fachinan Papa Mady Sy Alfonse Rodrigue Djiboune Kokou Fofo Toussaint Adambounou Louis Augustin Diaga Diouf Boucar Ndong Gora Mbaye Omar Ndoye mounibé diarra Mamadou Mbodj Nuclear Medicine Department Idrissa Pouye General Hospital (HOGIP) Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory FMPO Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD) Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory UFR2S Gaston Berger University (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal Nuclear Medicine Department Hospital Dalal Jamm Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Physical and Pharmaceutical Biophysics FMPO Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory University of Lome Lome Togo

Introduction: The acronym SAPHO (Synovitis, Acne, Pustulosis, Hyperostosis and Osteitis) is a syndrome combining osteoarticular and cutaneous manifestations. It occurs mainly between the ages of 30 and 50. Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis is one of the main distinguishing features. We report a case of SAPHO in Dakar diagnosed by bone scintigraphy. Observation: 28-year-old Senegalese women presented with left shoulder pain and relative functional impotence for over 2 years. Examination revealed right sternoclavicular hyperostosis and left shoulder pain on palpation. Questioning revealed a history of acne and hyperostosis of the right first toe. Bone scintigraphy, performed after injection of 630 MBq of 99mTc-HMDP, revealed: hyperfixation of the bilateral (right++) manubrio-sternal and sternoclavicular junction, producing the classic bull’s horn image;hyperfixation of the left shoulder with an inflammatory appearance;hyperfixation of the sacroiliac joints suggestive of bilateral sacroiliitis;hyperfixation of the right first toe;two mandibular hyper fixations probably related to dental damage. This scintigraphic appearance in one was strongly suggestive of SAPHO syndrome. Conclusion: SAPHO syndrome, related to spondyloarthropathy, associates cutaneous and osteoarticular signs. It is characterized by frequent delays in diagnosis due to poor recognition. Soy is an invaluable diagnostic tool, enabling us to assess the extent of the disease and its evolution.

关键词： SAPHO Bone Scintigraphy Young Woman Senegalese

Iodine 131 Treatment in Graves’ Disease in a West African Country: Preliminary Study about 25 Cases in Senegal

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2024年第1期14卷 56-72页

作者： El Hadji Amadou Lamine Bathily Serigne Moussa Badiane Mamoudou Salif Djigo Gora Thiaw Kalidou Gueye Ousseynou Diop Boucar Ndong Kokou Fofo Toussaint Adambounou Alphonse Rodrigue Djiboune Papa Mady Sy Mamadou Soumbounou Mohamed Chekhma Louis Augustin Diaga Diouf Gora Mbaye Omar Ndoye mounibé diarra Mamadou Mbodj Nuclear Medicine Department General Hospital of Idrissa Pouye (HOGIP) Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD) Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory Gaston Berger University (UGB) Saint-Louis Nuclear Medicine Department Hospital Dalal Jamm Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory University of Lome Lome Togo Laboratory of Physical and Pharmaceutical Biophysics Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Graves’ disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Its treatment uses synthetic antithyroid drugs but the use of aggressive radical therapy such as surgery or non-aggressive therapy such as iodine-131 is not uncommon. Treatment of Graves’ disease with radioactive iodine or iratherapy is a simple, inexpensive, well-tolerated treatment. It was introduced in Senegal in 2016. We report through this work the preliminary assessment of the only nuclear medicine service in Senegal in the management of Graves’ disease by iodine-131. Patients and Methods: Retrospective study of the first cases of Graves’ disease treated with iratherapy in Senegal. Socio-demographic, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects were studied. Radiation protection rules have been implemented and contraception has been effective for six months in women of childbearing age. Results: 25 patients were collected with a mean age of 45 years, twenty women (80%), a family goiter in 24% and a psycho-affective context in 64% of cases. Thyrotoxicosis syndrome was associated with goiter in 68% of patients and exophthalmos in 64%. Thyroid ultrasound performed in 20 patients showed vascular goiter in 80% and thyroid scintigraphy in 3 patients, homogeneous and diffuse hyperfixation. TRAK dosed in 8 patients was still positive. All patients had received first-line medical treatment. The average duration of this treatment was more than 18 months in 92%. The empirically used iodine-131 activity averaged 15.35 mCi. Oral corticosteroid therapy was prescribed in 7 patients for the prevention of malignant orbitopathy. No early side effects were noted. The remission rate at 3 months was 52% and at 6 months was 88% to 92%. Conclusion: The effectiveness of radioactive iodine, in particular ablative doses in the treatment of hyperthyroidism, is no longer to be demonstrated. Taking into account our socioeconomic context, iratherapy should be a treatment of choice for hyperthyroidism

关键词： Graves’ Disease Iratherapy Iodine-131 Senegal

Epidemiological Aspects of Maternal Deaths Observed on Arrival over a Decade at the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2025年第1期15卷 108-117页

作者： Mahamadou Diassana Ballan Macalou Sitapha Dembele Robert diarra Alima Sidibe Lassina Goita Samou diarra Seydou Z. Dao Mamadou Haidara Famakan Kane Fantamady Camara Soumaila Traore Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes Kayes Mali National Center for Scientific and Technological Research of Bamako Bamako Mali Kayes Reference Health Center Kayes Mali Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department of the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes Kayes Mali Management of Fousseyni DAOU Hospital Kayes Mali Reference Health Center of the Commune II Kayes Mali Kalabancoro Reference Health Center Bamako Mali Bla Reference Health Center Bla Mali Kayes Regional Health Directorate Kayes Mali Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali

Introduction: The objective of this work was to study maternal deaths noted on arrival in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department at Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes over a period of 10 years. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with data collection over a period of 10 years;The data collection was retrospective over nine years from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2021 and prospective over one year from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022. This study focused on all patients whose death was noted on arrival during pregnancy, labor or in the postpartum period in the Gynecology-Obstetrics Department of Fousseyni Daou Hospital. Confidentiality and anonymity were respected. The processing and analysis of statistical data were carried out using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: During the study period, we recorded 93 cases of death noted on arrival out of a total of 606 maternal deaths, i.e., a frequency of 15.34%. The average age was 27 years with the extremes of 20 years and 34 years. They came mainly from rural areas at 74%, were married at 82%, uneducated at 51.6%, housewives at 87.1%. The profession of the spouses is worker at 37.6%. In our sample, evacuated patients were the most represented with 75.3%. Postpartum hemorrhage was the most frequent reason for admission with 22.6%. The deceased patients had no medical history at 86%. In our series, 59.5% of the deceased patients had not had antenatal consultations (CPN). Patients who died on arrival and who had given birth at home were the most represented with 54.8%. Deaths from immediate postpartum hemorrhage complicated by shock were the most frequent with 25.8% followed by severe anemia 8.6%. Deaths were mainly due to direct obstetric causes at 76.3%. In these deaths observed on arrival, the 2nd delay was identified at 48.4%. Conclusion: Maternal deaths observed on arrival remain frequent in the Kayes region. The main causes are immediate postpartum hemorrhage and anemia, which are alm

关键词： Death Observed on Arrival Maternal Mortality Kayes Hospital

Assessment of a New Senegalese Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Collection for Grain Yield and Tolerance to Anthracnose and Grain Molds

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2025年第1期16卷 1-10页

作者： Ghislain Kanfany Mame diarra Sylla Cyril Diatta Mame Penda Sarr Souleymane Bodian Yedomon Ange Bovys Zoclanclounon Departement Productions Vgtales et Agronomie UFR des Sciences Agronomiques de lAquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires (S2ATA) Universit Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Sngal Centre National de Recherches Agronomiques de Bambey (CNRA) Institut Sngalais de Recherches Agricoles Bambey Sngal Plant Sciences and Bioeconomy Rothamsted Research Harpenden UK

Sorghum is an important cereal crop for smallholder farmers’ food security in many countries in West Africa. However, its production has stagnated due to several factors, such as anthracnose and grain molds. Thus, a study was conducted to identify local germplasms that combine high grain yield and resistance to anthracnose and grain molds under Senegalese environments. A set of 256 genotypes was assessed at Sefa, Sinthiou and Kolda research stations using an incomplete blocks design with two replications. Agro-morphological and phytopathological data were collected. The results revealed a huge phenotypic variation between the genotypes for all traits. The flowering time varied from 43 to 126 days after sowing, while the panicle length varied from 10 to 60 cm. The genotypes were generally more productive at Sinthiou (1653 Kg ha−1) compared to Kolda (164 kg ha−1) research stations. The disease parameters were significantly and positively associated, while the flowering time was strongly and positively associated to grain mold score. The genotypes were classified into three groups with plant height, panicle diameter and length, flowering time and grain mold score as the most discriminating parameters. The genotypes belonging to cluster 3, in addition of being more productive and more resistant to grain mold and anthracnose, have longer panicles. These genotypes present promising prospects for inclusion in breeding programs focused on advancing sorghum yield and disease resistance in Senegal.

关键词： Sorghum Grain Mold Anthracnose Yield Resistance

A Case Report of Congenital Dermal Sinus Tract with Dermoid Cyst and Lipoma

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2025年第1期15卷 1-6页

作者： Youssouf Sogoba Boubacar Sogoba Sounkalo diarra Moussa Diallo Izoudine Blaise Koumare Seybou Hassane Diallo Mamadou Diallo Oumar Coulibaly Daouda Sissoko Drissa Kanikomo Department of Neurosurgery Gabriel Toure Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali Department of Neurology Gabriel Toure Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali Department of Neurosurgery Hopital du Mali Bamako Mali

Congenital dermal sinus tract (CDST) is a rare entity of spinal dysraphism with an incidence of 1 in 2500 live births. The presumed etiology relates to a focal failure of disjunction resulting in a persistent adhesion between the neural and cutaneous ectoderm. CDST is commonly associated with other pathologies such as myelomeningocele, split cord malformation, tethered cord and inclusion tumors. The authors report a case of a 2-year-old girl discharging lumbosacral CDST. The preoperative MRI showed the dermal sinus tract with 2 intradural lesions from L1 to L3. The tract was surgically excised followed by complete excision of the cyst and lipoma. The dermal sinus tract was attached to the medullary cone and was cut there, allowing “en bloc” removal of the dermal sinus tract. There were two distinct types of tumor. One cystic is located posterior to the medullary cone and the other is located laterally to the medullary cone, whose appearance suggests a lipoma. Both tumors were removed completely. The dura was closed in a tight manner. The pathological examination confirmed the lipoma and Dermoid Cyst. In the postoperative course, the child had a motor deficit in the lower limbs, which recovered completely after 3 months of physiotherapy.

关键词： Dermal Sinus Spinal Dysraphism Myelomeningocele