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Turning in mid-air allows aphids that flee the plant to avoid reaching the risky ground

Integrative Zoology 2017年第5期12卷 409-420页

作者： Yonatan MERESMAN Matan BEN-ARI moshe inbar Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology University of HaifaHaifaIsrael Department of Zoology Faculty of Life SciencesTel-Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael

When forced to drop from the plant,flightless arboreal insects can avoid reaching the risky ground by maneuvering their body through the *** wingless pea aphids(Acyrthosiphon pisum)are threatened by natural enemies,they often drop off their host plant while assuming a stereotypic posture that rotates them in mid-air,aligning them with their feet pointing *** position may increase their chances of re-clinging onto lower plant parts and avoid facing the dangers on the ground,although its effectiveness in realistic field conditions has not been *** performed both laboratory and outdoor experiments,in which we dropped aphids upon host plants to quantify clinging success in plants with different characteristics such as height and leaf *** aphids had twofold higher clinging rates than dead ones,indicating that clinging success is indeed affected by the active aerial-righting of dropping *** ability to cling was positively dependent on the plants’foliage cover as viewed in vertical direction from ***,we released aphids in commercial alfalfa(Medicago sativa)fields with varying plant heights and foliage cover and induced them to ***(up to 75%)of the aphids avoided reaching the ground in taller plants(65 cm),and 17%in shorter plants(21 cm),demonstrating the efficiency of the aphids’response in averting risks:both those of an approaching enemy on the plant and the plethora of new risks on the ***,even in complex field environment,the aerial-righting mechanism can substantially reduce the possible risks following escape from a predator.

关键词： Acyrthosiphon pisum aerial righting dropping response escape behavior predator avoidance

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Habitat fragmentation alters predator satiation of acorns

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 67-73页

作者： Xin Tong Yu-Xuan Zhang Rong Wang moshe inbar Xiao-Yong Chen School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal UniversityDongchuan Road 500Shanghai 200241China Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology University of Haifa199 Aba Khoushy Ave.Mount CarmelHaifa 31905Israel

Aims Acorn weevils(Curculio spp.),endoparasitic granivorous insects,impede recruitment of fagaceous trees,and in turn affect community structure and ecosystem *** studies have made considerable progress in elucidating local factors that contribute to seed predation by acorn weevils,but it is still not clear how habitat configurations interplay with local factors in influencing Curculio *** this study,we assessed the roles of crop size,landscape configurations(area and isolation)and their interactions on the predation rate of seeds by acorn *** We studied acorn weevils feeding on the seeds of Castanopsis sclerophylla(Fagaceae)on two peninsulas and nine islands with varying areas and isolation levels in the Thousand-island Lake in Chun’an County,Zhejiang Province of ***,crop size was estimated for 130 trees and predation status was assessed for 26207 seeds from these trees during two *** linear mixed models were performed to clarify how island area and isolation interplayed with crop size to determine predation rate on a single *** Findings A negative relationship was detected between crop size and seed predation rate,indicating predator satiation at the tree *** suggests that acorn weevils tend to stay sedentary once they have arrived at a suitable *** fragmentation had significant effects on seed predation such that predation rate was higher on larger,less isolated ***,the relationship between crop size and predation rate was significantly changed by both island area and *** finding highlighted that the effects of habitat isolation might be overlooked relative to those of habitat loss.

关键词： Castanopsis sclerophylla Curculio isolation limited dispersal predator satiation

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Further Insights on the <i>Datura innoxia</i>Hyoscyamine 6<i>β</i>-Hydroxylase (DiH6H) Based on Biochemical Characterization and Molecular Modeling

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第1期12卷 53-70页

作者： Daniel Schlesinger Faris Salama Rachel Davidovich Rikanati Rotem Sertchook Ofir Tal Mosaab Yahyaa Adi Faigenboim Mwafaq Ibdah moshe inbar Efraim Lewinsohn Department of Evolutionary & Environmental Biology University of Haifa Haifa Israel Department of Vegetable Crops Newe Ya’ar Research Center Agricultural Research Organization Ramat Yishay Israel Institute of Plant Sciences Agriculture Research Organization RishonLe Zion Israel Lilienblum 3 Gedera Israel Department of Vegetable Crops The Robert Smith Faculty of Agriculture The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot Israel

Hyoscyamine, anisodamine and scopolamine are tropane alkaloids present in some Solanaceae species and used in modern medicine. L-Hyoscyamine is hydroxylated to 6β-hydroxyhyoscyamine (anisodamine) and then epoxidated to scopolamine by the dual action of hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylase (H6H), a 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenase. A natural mutation in the Gly-220 residue to Cys was previously shown to be associated with the loss of function of H6H in Mandragora officinarum, preventing the accumulation of anisodamine and scopolamine in these plants. We show here that a deliberate Gly220Cys mutation in the Datura innoxia DiH6H protein caused a loss of both its enzymatic abilities and rendered it unable to hydroxylate L-hyoscyamine into anisodamine and to epoxidate anisodamine into scopolamine. By using protein modeling based on an available crystal structure of H6H from Datura metel, we show how the Cys220 residue causes a steric interference in the active site cavity impairing the interaction of both substrates, hyoscyamine and anisodamine with the active site of the protein. We also address the enantiomeric preference of DiH6H based on molecular modeling.

关键词： Hyoscyamine 6β Hydroxylase Datura innoxia. Mill. Solanaceae Scopolamine Hyoscyamine

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Surface acoustic wave photonic filters with a single narrow radio-frequency passband in standard silicon on insulator

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Photonics Research 2022年第7期10卷 1723-1730页

作者： moshe KATZMAN MAAYAN PRIEL inbar SHAFIR SAAWAN KUMAR BAG DVIR MUNK NAOR inbar moshe FELDBERG TALI SHARABANI LEROY DOKHANIAN MATAN SLOOK AVI ZADOK Faculty of Engineering Bar-Ilan UniversityRamat-Gan 5290002Israel Institute for Nano-Technology and Advanced Materials Bar-Ilan UniversityRamat-Gan 5290002Israel Soreq NRC Yavne 81800Israel Tower Semiconductors Migal Ha’Emek 2310502Israel

Integrated microwave photonic filters are becoming increasingly important for signal processing within advanced wireless and cellular *** with narrow transmission passbands mandate long time delays,which are difficult to accommodate within photonic *** delays may be obtained through slow moving acoustic waves *** radio-frequency information can be converted from one optical carrier to another via surface acoustic waves and filtered in the ***,the transfer functions of previously reported devices consisted of multiple periodic passbands,and the selection of a single transmission band was not *** this work,we demonstrate surface acoustic wave,silicon-photonic filters of microwave frequency with a single transmission *** filter response consists of up to 32 tap coefficients,and the transmission bandwidth is only7 *** results extend the capabilities of integrated microwave photonics in the standard silicon-on-insulator platform.

关键词： filters pass microwave

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Antitumoral effects of cannabis in Notch1-mutated T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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Cancer Communications 2023年第6期43卷 711-715页

作者： Elazar Besser Anat Gelfand Gil moshe Lewitus Hila Novak-Kotzer Shiri Procaccia Paula Berman Igal Louria-Hayon inbar Shreiber-Livne Yishai Ofran David Meiri The Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Cannabinoid Research Faculty of BiologyTechnion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Rambam Health Care CampusHaifaIsrael

Dear Editor,In T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(T-ALL),an aggressive hematologic cancer with poor clinical outcomes,more than 50%of cases show NOTCH1-driven transformation[1].The NOTCH1 receptor signaling pathway is activated through a series of proteolytic cleavages,ultimately causing the release of the active intracellular domain(NICD),which translocates to the nucleus where it promotes transcription of target genes involved in cell *** importance of NOTCH1 mutations in T-ALL has generated great interest in the development of anti-NOTCH1 targeted therapies.A new and promising emerging field in cancer treatment is medical *** evidence suggests the direct effects of cannabis on tumor progression in cell lines and animal models[2].Cannabis,and its unique secondary metabolites,known as phytocannabinoids,directly affect the propagation of cancer cells by modulating key cellsignaling pathways[3].We have previously demonstrated that different cannabis extracts,each containing a unique composition of metabolites,selectively impaired the survival of cancer cell lines depending on amatch between the chemical composition of the extract and the characteristics of the specific cancer cell line[4].In the present work,we set out to investigate whether cannabis extracts with unique phytocannabinoid profiles can selectively facilitate antitumor effects in T-ALL cells that harbor a Notch1 mutation.

关键词： Notch1 impaired lymphoblastic

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