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Turning in mid-air allows aphids that flee the plant to avoid reaching the risky ground

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第5期12卷 409-420页

作者： Yonatan MERESMAN Matan ben-ARI moshe INBAR Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology University of HaifaHaifaIsrael Department of Zoology Faculty of Life SciencesTel-Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael

When forced to drop from the plant,flightless arboreal insects can avoid reaching the risky ground by maneuvering their body through the *** wingless pea aphids(Acyrthosiphon pisum)are threatened by natural enemies,they often drop off their host plant while assuming a stereotypic posture that rotates them in mid-air,aligning them with their feet pointing *** position may increase their chances of re-clinging onto lower plant parts and avoid facing the dangers on the ground,although its effectiveness in realistic field conditions has not been *** performed both laboratory and outdoor experiments,in which we dropped aphids upon host plants to quantify clinging success in plants with different characteristics such as height and leaf *** aphids had twofold higher clinging rates than dead ones,indicating that clinging success is indeed affected by the active aerial-righting of dropping *** ability to cling was positively dependent on the plants’foliage cover as viewed in vertical direction from ***,we released aphids in commercial alfalfa(Medicago sativa)fields with varying plant heights and foliage cover and induced them to ***(up to 75%)of the aphids avoided reaching the ground in taller plants(65 cm),and 17%in shorter plants(21 cm),demonstrating the efficiency of the aphids’response in averting risks:both those of an approaching enemy on the plant and the plethora of new risks on the ***,even in complex field environment,the aerial-righting mechanism can substantially reduce the possible risks following escape from a predator.

关键词： Acyrthosiphon pisum aerial righting dropping response escape behavior predator avoidance

A Blade Altering Toolbox for Automating Rotor Design Optimization

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 688-704页

作者： akiva Wernick Jen-Ping Chen Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Ohio State University201 W.19th Ave.ColumbusOH43210USA

The Blade Altering Toolbox(BAT)described in this paper is a tool designed for fast reconstruction of an altered blade geometry for design optimization *** BAT algorithm is capable of twisting a given rotor’s angle of attack and stretching the chord length along the span of the *** test cases were run using the BAT’s *** BAT code’s twisting,stretching,and mesh reconstruction capabilities proved to be able to handle reasonably large geometric alterations to a provided input rotor *** test examples showed that the toolbox’s algorithm could handle any stretching of the blade’s chord as long as the blade remained within the original bounds of the unaltered *** algorithm appears to fail when the net twist angle applied the geometry exceeds approximately 30 degrees,however this limitation is dependent on the initial geometry and other input ***,the algorithm is a very powerful tool for automating a design optimization procedure.

关键词： Mesh reconstruction Mesh alteration Rotor alteration Design optimization

Tunable sharp and highly selective microwave-photonic band-pass filters based on stimulated Brillouin scattering

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Photonics Research 2014年第4期2卷 18-25页

作者： Yonatan Stern Kun Zhong Thomas Schneider Ru Zhang Yossef ben-Ezra moshe Tur Avi Zadok Faculty of Engineering Bar-Ilan UniversityRamat-Gan 5290002Israel Beijing University of Post and Telecommunications Beijing 100876China Institut für Hochfrequenztechnik Hochschule für TelekommunikationD-04277 LeipzigGermany Faculty of Engineering Holon Institute of Technology52 Golomb St.Holon 5810201Israel School of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringTel-Aviv UniversityTel-Aviv 6997801Israel

Stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS)in optical fibers has long been used in frequency-selective optical signal processing,including in the realization of microwave-photonic(MWP)*** this work,we report a significant enhancement in the selectivity of SBS-based MWP *** having a single passband of 250 MHz–1 GHz bandwidth are demonstrated,with selectivity of up to 44 *** selectivity of the filters is better than that of the corresponding previous arrangements by about 15 *** shape factor of the filters,defined as the ratio between their−20 dB bandwidth and their−3 dB bandwidth,is between 1.35 and *** central transmission frequency,bandwidth,and spectral shape of the passband are all independently *** enhancement is based on two advances,compared with previous demonstrations of tunable SBS-basedMWPfilters:(a)the polarization attributes of SBS in standard,weakly birefringent fibers are used to discriminate between in-band and out-of-band components and(b)a sharp and uniform power spectral density of the SBS pump waves is synthesized through external modulation of an optical carrier by broadband,frequency-swept *** signal-to-noise ratio of filtered radio-frequency waveforms and the linear dynamic range of the filters are estimated analytically and quantified ***,a figure of merit for the performance of the filters is proposed and *** filters are applicable to radio-over-fiber transmission systems.

关键词： filters scattering polarization

Classifying handedness in chiral nanomaterials using label error robust deep learning

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1417-1423页

作者： C.K.Groschner Alexander J.Pattison Assaf ben-moshe A.Paul Alivisatos Wolfgang Theis M.C.Scott Department of Materials Science and Engineering UC BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA School of Physics and Astronomy University of BirminghamBirminghamUK Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA

High-throughput scanning electron microscopy(SEM)coupled with classification using neural networks is an ideal method to determine the morphological handedness of large populations of chiral *** labeling removes the time-consuming manual labeling of training data,but introduces label error,and subsequently classification error in the trained neural ***,we evaluate methods to minimize classification error when training from automated labels of SEM datasets of chiral Tellurium *** the mirror relationship between images of opposite handed particles,we artificially create populations of varying label *** analyze the impact of label error rate and training method on the classification error of neural networks on an ideal dataset and on a practical *** the three training methods considered,we find that a pretraining approach yields the most accurate results across label error rates on ideal datasets,where size and other morphological variables are held constant,but that a co-teaching approach performs the best in practical application.

关键词： error chiral remove

Late onset fulminant Wilson's disease:A case report and review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第46期20卷 17656-17660页

作者： Ella Weitzman Orit Pappo Peretz Weiss moshe Frydman Yael Haviv-Yadid Ziv ben Ari Liver Disease Center Sheba Medical CenterRamat Gan 52621Israel Department of Pathology Sheba Medical CenterRamat Gan 52621Israel Institute of Genetics Sheba Medical CenterRamat Gan 52621Israel Intensive Care Unit Sheba Medical CenterRamat GanTel Aviv UniversityRamat Gan 52621Israel Sackler School of Medicine Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69975Israel

Wilson’s disease(WD)is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder of hepatic copper *** can be present in different clinical conditions,with the most common ones being liver disease and neuropsychiatric *** cases present symptoms at<40years of ***,few reports exist in the literature on patients in whom the disease presented beyond this *** this report,we present a case of late onset fulminant WD in a 58-year-old patient in whom the diagnosis was established clinically,by genetic analysis of the ATP7B gene disclosing rare mutations(G1099S and c.1707+3ins T)as well as by high hepatic copper *** also reviewed the relevant *** diagnosis of WD with late onset presentation is easily *** diagnostic features and the geneticbackground in patients with late onset WD are not different from those in patients with early onset WD,except for the *** treatments for this disorder that can be fatal are available and will prevent or reverse many manifestations if the disease is discovered early.

关键词： Wilson's disease Late onset Fulminant ATP7B gene mutations Copper

microRNAs and Alu elements in the p53-Mdm2-Mdm4 regulatory network

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2014年第3期8卷 192-197页

作者： Yonit Hoffman Yitzhak Pilpel moshe Oren Department of Molecular Genetics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel Department of Molecular Cell Biology Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel

p53 is a transcription factor that governs numerous stress response pathways within the ceil. Maintaining the right levels of p53 is crucial for ceil survival and proper cellular homeostasis, The tight regulation of p53 involves many cellular components, most notably its major negative regulators Mdm2 and Mdm4, which maintain p53 protein amount and activity in tight check, microRNAs （miRNAs） are small non-coding RNAs that target specific mRNAs to translational arrest and degradation, miRNAs are also key compo- nents of the normal p53 pathway, joining forces with Mdm2 and Mdm4 to maintain proper p53 activity. Here we review the current knowledge of miRNAs targeting Mdm2 and Mdm4, and their importance in different tissues and in pathological states such as cancer. In addition, we address the role of Alu sequences-highly abundant retroelements spread throughout the human genome, and their impact on gene regulation via the miRNA machinery. Aius occupy a significant portion of genes＇ 31UTR, and as such they have the potential to impact mRNA regulation. Since Alus are primate-specific, they introduce a new regulatory layer into primate genomes. Atus can influence and alter gene regulation, creating primate-specific cancer-preventive regulatory mechanisms to sustain the transition to longer life span in primates. We review the possible influence of Alu sequences on miRNA functionality in general and specifically within the p53 network.

关键词： microRNA p53 Mdm2 Mdm4 Alu

Zwitterionic hyaluronic acid derivatives for co-delivery of both chemotherapeutic and nucleic acid drugs in breast cancer treatment

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 607-617页

作者： Ruo-Lin Jiang Hui-Na Liu Yu-Fan Yang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Qi Dai Xiao-Yan Bao Lin-Jie Wu Ya-Xin Qin Xin Tan Xiao-Yan Sun Xu-Fang Ying Zhi-Qing ben Min Han Institute of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and InterventionThe Second Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University Jinhua 321299China National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Polytechnic institute Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310015China

Traditionally,hyaluronic acid has been widely used for drug delivery,but the current application bottleneck is that hyaluronic acid is hydrophilic and electronegative,which makes it difficult to carry hydrophobic drugs and small interfering RNA(siRNA)with the same *** on previous studies,we designed and synthesized hyaluronic acid nanocarriers HA-spermine/N,N,N-trimethylcystamine/DOX-TPP(HSTD)for loading siRNA to overcome the problem of siRNA release caused by strong electrostatic ***,N,N,Ntrimethylcystamine in the carrier can be degraded by intracellular glutathione to completely and rapidly release siRNA,thus promoting ***,when codelivered with the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin(DOX),this novel nanocarrier showed promising synergy in inhibiting tumor growth.

关键词： zwitterionic hyaluronic acid N N N-trimethylcystamine small interfering RNA(siRNA) doxorubicin

The Impact of Information Technology on Admission Decisions

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Computer Technology and Application 2011年第7期2卷 539-544页

作者： Ofir ben-Assuli moshe Leshno Itamar Shabtai The Faculty of Business Administration Ono Academic College Kiryat Ono 55451 Israel The Faculty of Management Tel-Aviv University Tel-Aviv 69978 Israel The School of Economics College of Management Academic Studies Rishon LeZion 75490 Israel

Information systems have been adopted in many fields including the health industry. Indeed, keeping abreast of the advances of the technological age, many medical organizations have invested heavily in information technologies （IT）, aiming at improving medical decision-making and increasing its efficiency. Despite their obvious advantages, the systems do not always immediately provide the vital medical information required for critical decision-making, and the decisions that are based on this partial information may result in a decreased level of quality of care and unnecessary costs. The objective of this research is to evaluate the contribution of IT to decision-makers （physicians） at the point of care of emergency departments （EDs） by investigating whether the information systems （IS） have improved the medical outcomes, in the complex and highly stressful environment of the ED, with time constraints and overcrowding. The authors evaluated the contribution of the medical information to admission decisions by using the track log-file analysis method. The results were obtained using a unique database containing referrals to the ED from seven main hospitals in Israel. The authors＇ results lead to the major conclusion that viewing medical history contributes to admission decisions and clearly reduces the number of avoidable admissions.

关键词： Medical informatics medical decision-making health informatics

Five Years Beyond Sendai——Can We Get Beyond Frameworks?

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第2期11卷 239-249页

作者： ben Wisner Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College LondonLondon WCIE 6BTUK

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030(SFDRR) and its implementation is evaluated after its first five years. A dozen questions that the author and a colleague used in their evaluation of the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005–2015(HFA) are repeated. Improvements are noted in relation to possible coherence and alignment with other components of the Post-2015 Agenda, especially as regards climate change and urban disasters as well as the higher visibility of civil society and women, and also regarding the specificity of targets and monitoring of governments’ successes. Nevertheless, the overall conclusion is that both the HFA and the SFDRR fail to deal with root causes of disaster. A new,radically proactive leadership role is suggested for the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction in partnership with civil society in identifying and warning all engaged in Post-2015 Agenda activities of possible creation of new risk by agenda implementation activities,especially for the poor and already-marginalized.

关键词： Civil society Climate change Disaster risk reduction Hyogo framework Sendai framework