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CIMMYT人工合成小麦与普通小麦杂交后代籽粒硬度puroindoline基因等位变异检测

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中国农业科学 2006年第3期39卷 440-447页

作者：陈锋夏先春王德森 morten lillemo 何中虎中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/国家小麦改良中心国际玉米小麦改良中心

【目的】山羊草与硬粒小麦杂交培育的人工合成小麦已广泛应用于国内外小麦品种改良,研究人工合成小麦与普通小麦杂交后代的籽粒硬度变异类型,有助于提高育种效率。【方法】以来自CIMMYT的176份人工合成小麦与普通小麦杂交后代为材料,采... 详细信息

【目的】山羊草与硬粒小麦杂交培育的人工合成小麦已广泛应用于国内外小麦品种改良,研究人工合成小麦与普通小麦杂交后代的籽粒硬度变异类型,有助于提高育种效率。【方法】以来自CIMMYT的176份人工合成小麦与普通小麦杂交后代为材料,采用单籽粒谷物硬度测试仪、特异引物的PCR扩增和改进的SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳对其SKCS硬度及其基因型进行了研究。【结果】硬质基因型均为Pina-D1b/Pinb-D1a类型,软质基因型有Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1a、Pina-D1j/Pinb-D1i、Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1i和Pina-D1c/Pinb-D1h等4种类型。其中Pina-D1j/Pinb-D1i是最常见的突变类型,占软质麦总数的49.1%。不同puroindoline类型的硬度比较表明,Pina-D1b/Pinb-D1a与其它类型间差异均达1%显著水平。在软质基因型中,Pina-D1c/Pinb-D1h和Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1i类型硬度相对较高,与Pina-D1j/Pinb-D1i和Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1a的籽粒硬度差异达5%显著水平。另外,Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1i的千粒重和粒径也显著高于其它变异类型。【结论】本试验发现了多种普通小麦中未曾发现过的puroindoline基因型,且硬度数值间存在显著差异,为人工合成小麦在品种改良中的应用和我国从CIMMYT引种提供了依据,同时也有助于puroindoline基因的多态性研究。

关键词：普通小麦人工合成小麦籽粒硬度 Puroindoline基因型多态性

CIMMYT小麦puroindoline基因型的进一步鉴定与分析

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中国农业科学 2006年第8期39卷 1518-1525页

作者：陈锋夏先春 Manila William morten lillemo Richard Trethowan Roberto J Peňa 何中虎中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/国家小麦改良中心国际玉米小麦改良中心挪威生命科学大学植物环境科学学院

目的籽粒硬度是小麦市场分级和定价的重要依据,影响磨粉和食品加工品质。CIMMYT是我国最重要小麦引种地之一,研究其硬度基因型对我国小麦引种具有重要的应用价值。方法以CIMMYT常用的236份小麦亲本和高代品系为材料,采用改进的颗粒指数... 详细信息

目的籽粒硬度是小麦市场分级和定价的重要依据,影响磨粉和食品加工品质。CIMMYT是我国最重要小麦引种地之一,研究其硬度基因型对我国小麦引种具有重要的应用价值。方法以CIMMYT常用的236份小麦亲本和高代品系为材料,采用改进的颗粒指数法、特异引物的PCR扩增和改进的SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳对其SKCS硬度及其puroindoine基因型进行鉴定和分析。结果202份硬质麦中,165份为PINA蛋白缺失类型;37份为Pinb-D1b类型,其中19份为非CIMMYT材料,18份亲本中均含有非CIMMYT材料。在34份软质麦中,有野生型、Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1i、Pina-D1c/Pinb-D1h、Pina-D1j/Pinb-D1i和Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1j共5种基因型。两种硬质类型中,Pina-D1b类型胚乳硬质程度明显高于(PSI硬度显著低于)Pinb-D1b类型;4种软质类型中,Pina-D1c/Pinb-D1h和Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1i类型胚乳硬质程度显著高于(PSI硬度显著低于)Pina-D1j/Pinb-D1i和Pina-D1a/Pinb-D1a类型。通过分析各类型的puroindoline基因序列发现,Pinb-D1h和Pinb-D1i编码同一种氨基酸,突变后仍表现为软质是因为第28位精氨酸变成色氨酸,其余软质变异类型色氨酸丰富区附近均未发生变化,这可能是导致其胚乳质地仍未变硬的主要原因。结论在先前研究基础上,本试验对CIMMYT小麦基因型作了进一步分析,发现系谱中没有外源材料的所有CIMMYT硬质麦均为Pina-D1b类型。从山羊草引进的软质突变类型之间存在一定硬度差异。

关键词：普通小麦人工合成小麦 Puroindoline基因 PSI硬度

Transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast differentiation identifies regulators of osteoclast activity

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 180-198页

作者： morten S.Hansen Kaja Madsen Maria Price Kent Søe Yasunori Omata Mario M.Zaiss Caroline M.Gorvin morten Frost Alexander Rauch Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory(KMEB) Department of EndocrinologyOdense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Department of Clinical Research Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Clinical Cell Biology Pathology Research UnitDepartment of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research(IMSR)and Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism(CEDAM)University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors(COMPARE) Universities of Birmingham and NottinghamBirmingham B152TTUK Department of Molecular Medicine University of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Department of Orthopedic Surgery Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan Department of Internal Medicine 3 Rheumatology and ImmunologyFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie(DZI) Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany Steno Diabetes Center Odense Odense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark

Enhanced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity contribute to the development of osteoporosis,which is characterized by increased bone resorption and inadequate bone *** novel antiosteoporotic therapeutics are needed,understanding the genetic regulation of human osteoclastogenesis could help identify potential treatment *** study aimed to provide an overview of transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast *** were differentiated from CD14+monocytes from eight female *** sequencing during differentiation revealed 8980 differentially expressed genes grouped into eight temporal patterns conserved across *** patterns revealed distinct molecular functions associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis susceptibility genes based on RNA from iliac crest biopsies and bone mineral density *** analyses revealed mutual dependencies between temporal expression patterns and provided insight into subtype-specific transcriptional *** donor-specific expression patterns revealed genes at the monocyte stage,such as filamin B(FLNB)and oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1(OLR1,encoding LOX-1),that are predictive of the resorptive activity of mature *** expression of differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors was strong during osteoclast differentiation,and these receptors are associated with bone mineral density SNPs,suggesting that they play a pivotal role in osteoclast differentiation and *** regulatory effects of three differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors were exemplified by in vitro pharmacological modulation of complement 5 A receptor 1(C5AR1),somatostatin receptor 2(SSTR2),and free fatty acid receptor 4(FFAR4/GPR120).Activating C5AR1 enhanced osteoclast formation,while activating SSTR2 decreased the resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts,and activating FFAR4 decreased both the number and resorptive activity of mature *** conclus

关键词： osteoclast programming identif

Deciphering the controlling factors for phase transitions in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 151-163页

作者： Tao Du Shanwu Li Sudheer Ganisetti Mathieu Bauchy Yuanzheng Yue morten M.Smedskjaer Department of Chemistry and Bioscience Aalborg University Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics Michigan Technological University Physics of Amo Rphous and Inorganic Solids Laboratory(PARISlab) Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks（ZIFs） feature complex phase transitions, including polymorphism,melting, vitrification, and polyamorphism. Experimentally probing their structural evolution during transitions involving amorphous phases is a significant challenge, especially at the medium-range length scale. To overcome this challenge, here we first train a deep learning-based force field to identify the structural characteristics of both crystalline and non-crystalline ZIF phases. This allows us to reproduce the structural evolution trend during the melting of crystals and formation of ZIF glasses at various length scales with an accuracy comparable to that of ab initio molecular dynamics, yet at a much lower computational cost. Based on this approach, we propose a new structural descriptor, namely, the ring orientation index, to capture the propensity for crystallization of ZIF-4(Zn（Im）2, Im = C3H3N2-) glasses, as well as for the formation of ZIF-zni(Zn（Im）2) out of the high-density amorphous phase. This crystal formation process is a result of the reorientation of imidazole rings by sacrificing the order of the structure around the zinc-centered tetrahedra. The outcomes of this work are useful for studying phase transitions in other metal-organic frameworks（MOFs） and may thus guide the development of MOF glasses.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks phase transitions melting glass formation transferable deep learning force field ring orientation

一个近期进化出的己糖转运变体使小麦对多种病原菌具有抗性

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世界农业 2016年第1期 203-204页

作者： morten lillemo harbans singh bariana peter ndodds ravi singh 肖力伟(译) 不详农民日报社北京100029

一系列由病原体造成的病害限制了作物的产量,如小麦,因此能提供多病原体抗性的单基因在作物改良上是很有价值的。目前,多病原抗性的机理基础大部分仍是未知的。我们使用了比较基因组学,诱变改造、分离出了小麦Lr67基因——它可以对小麦... 详细信息

一系列由病原体造成的病害限制了作物的产量,如小麦,因此能提供多病原体抗性的单基因在作物改良上是很有价值的。目前,多病原抗性的机理基础大部分仍是未知的。我们使用了比较基因组学,诱变改造、分离出了小麦Lr67基因——它可以对小麦的3种锈病病原体和白粉病病菌产生部分抗性。Lr67抗性基因编码一个预测的己糖转运蛋白(LR67res),它和易感型内的同一蛋白(LR67sus)的不同在于,2个氨基酸在同源己糖转运中是保守的,而在LR67res中发生了改变。糖摄取测定显示,LR67sus蛋白和其他相关的同源等位基因所编码的蛋白都表现出对葡萄糖转运的高亲和力。LR67res蛋白通过和这些功能性的转运蛋白形成异二聚体发挥出显性负效应转运功能,减少对葡萄糖的摄取。在受感染的叶片上进行己糖转运的改变或许可以解释它的对多个活体营养型病原体的生长的抑制能力。

关键词：小麦多种病原菌抗性

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鲁麦21慢白粉病抗性基因数目和遗传力分析

作物学报 2008年第8期34卷 1317-1322页

作者：倪小文阎俊陈新民夏先春何中虎张勇王德森 morten lillemo 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所国家小麦改良中心/国家农作物基因资源与基因改良重大科学工程北京100081 中国农业科学院棉花研究所河南安阳455000 Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Norwegian University of Life Sciences5003sNorway

以多年鉴定具有慢白粉抗性的小麦品种鲁麦21和感白粉病品种京双16及其杂交组合F2:3和F2:4代株系200个为材料,于2005—2007年连续2个生长季,在北京和安阳两地分别进行田间病害鉴定,并采用质量性状和数量性状2种分析方法估算鲁麦21的慢病... 详细信息

以多年鉴定具有慢白粉抗性的小麦品种鲁麦21和感白粉病品种京双16及其杂交组合F2:3和F2:4代株系200个为材料,于2005—2007年连续2个生长季,在北京和安阳两地分别进行田间病害鉴定,并采用质量性状和数量性状2种分析方法估算鲁麦21的慢病基因数目和遗传力。结果表明,在这2个群体中至少存在4对抗性基因,其广义遗传力为0.53～0.78。由于出现超亲分离,因此推测京双16可能贡献1对微效抗病基因,而鲁麦21至少含有3对慢白粉病抗性基因。

关键词：鲁麦21 白粉病慢抗性抗病基因数目遗传力

CIMMYT小麦品种Saar的叶锈成株抗性QTL分析

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中国农业科学 2009年第2期42卷 388-397页

作者：张利军李在峰 morten lillemo 夏先春刘大群杨文香罗家传王海燕河北农业大学植物保护学院植物病理系/河北省农作物病虫害生物防治工程技术研究中心 Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Norwegian University of Life Sciences 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/ 国家小麦改良中心河南省国营黄泛区农场

【目的】小麦品种Saar由CIMMYT育成,在欧洲、亚洲和南美洲对小麦叶锈、条锈和白粉病均表现出很高的成株抗性,发掘其成株抗叶锈QTL对于选育持久抗锈品种有重要作用。【方法】以Avocet与Saar杂交的109个F6代重组自交系为材料,利用142个SS... 详细信息

【目的】小麦品种Saar由CIMMYT育成,在欧洲、亚洲和南美洲对小麦叶锈、条锈和白粉病均表现出很高的成株抗性,发掘其成株抗叶锈QTL对于选育持久抗锈品种有重要作用。【方法】以Avocet与Saar杂交的109个F6代重组自交系为材料,利用142个SSR标记和209DArT(Diversity Arrays Technology)标记构建连锁图,对Saar和Avocet的成株抗性进行QTL分析。试验材料于2006-2007年度种植在河北保定和河南新乡两个试验点,调查各个家系对叶锈病的成株抗性。【结果】由351个位点组成的遗传连锁图,覆盖小麦21个连锁群,全长3083cM。采用复合区间作图法进行叶锈成株抗性的QTL分析,在1BL、2DS、5BL、6AL和7DS染色体上发现了5个抗叶锈病QTL,分别解释4.5%～6.4%、12.2%～12.5%、4.9%～11.2%、4.9%～7.8%和14.0%～67.6%的表型变异。【结论】叶锈成株抗性基因及其紧密连锁分子标记的发掘,将为小麦抗叶锈病育种的分子标记辅助选择(MAS)提供理论和技术支持。

关键词：普通小麦叶锈病成株抗性 QTL分析

Global Wheat Head Detection 2021:An Improved Dataset for Benchmarking Wheat Head Detection Methods

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Plant Phenomics 2021年第1期3卷 277-285页

作者： Etienne David Mario Serouart Daniel Smith Simon Madec Kaaviya Velumani Shouyang Liu Xu Wang Francisco Pinto Shahameh Shafiee Izzat SATahir Hisashi Tsujimoto Shuhei Nasuda Bangyou Zheng Norbert Kirchgessner Helge Aasen Andreas Hund Pouria Sadhegi-Tehran Koichi Nagasawa Goro Ishikawa Sébastien Dandrifosse Alexis Carlier Benjamin Dumont Benoit Mercatoris Byron Evers Ken Kuroki Haozhou Wang Masanori Ishii Minhajul ABadhon Curtis Pozniak David Shaner LeBauer morten lillemo Jesse Poland Scott Chapman Benoit de Solan Frédéric Baret Ian Stavness Wei Guo Arvalis Institut du Végétal3 Rue Joseph et Marie Hackin75116 ParisFrance UMR1114 EMMAH INRAECentre PACABâtiment ClimatDomaine Saint-Paul228 Route de l’AérodromeCS 4050984914 Avignon CedexFrance School of Food and Agricultural Sciences The University of QueenslandGatton4343 QLDAustralia Hiphen SAS 120 Rue Jean DaussetAgroparcBâtiment Technicité84140 AvignonFrance Plant Phenomics Research Center Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina Wheat Genetics Resource Center Dep.of Plant PathologyKansas State Univ.4024 Throckmorton Plant Sciences CenterManhattanKansasUSA Global Wheat Program International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre(CIMMYT)MexicoD.F.Mexico Faculty of Biosciences Norwegian University of Life SciencesP.O.Box 5003NO-1432ÅsNorway Agricultural Research Corporation Wheat Research ProgramP.O.Box 126Wad MedaniSudan Arid Land Research Center Tottori UniversityTottori 680-0001Japan Laboratories of Plant Genetics and Plant Breeding Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityJapan CSIRO Agriculture and Food Queensland Biosciences Precinct306 Carmody RoadSt Lucia4067 QLDAustralia Institute of Agricultural Sciences ETH ZurichUniversitätstrasse 28092 ZurichSwitzerland Plant Sciences Department Rothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK Institute of Crop Science National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationJapan Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationJapan Biosystems Dynamics and Exchanges TERRA Teaching and Research CenterGembloux Agro-Bio TechUniversity of Liège5030 GemblouxBelgium Plant Sciences TERRA Teaching and Research CenterGembloux Agro-Bio TechUniversity of Liège5030 GemblouxBelgium Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo1-1-1 Midori-choNishitokyo CityTokyoJapan Department of Computer Science University of SaskatchewanCanada Department of Plant Sciences University of SaskatchewanCanada College of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of ArizonaTucsonArizona

The Global Wheat Head Detection(GWHD)dataset was created in 2020 and has assembled 193,634 labelled wheat heads from 4700 RGB images acquired from various acquisition platforms and 7 countries/*** an associated competition hosted in Kaggle,GWHD_2020 has successfully attracted attention from both the computer vision and agricultural science *** this first experience,a few avenues for improvements have been identified regarding data size,head diversity,and label *** address these issues,the 2020 dataset has been reexamined,relabeled,and complemented by adding 1722 images from 5 additional countries,allowing for 81,553 additional wheat *** now release in 2021 a new version of the Global Wheat Head Detection dataset,which is bigger,more diverse,and less noisy than the GWHD_2020 version.

关键词： Wheat adding release

Modeling and optimization of a spherical triboelectric generator

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Nano Research 2023年第9期16卷 11925-11931页

作者： Jens Gravesen morten Willatzen Jiajia Shao Zhong Lin Wang DTU Compute Technical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDK-2800Denmark Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGeorgia 30332USA

A detailed geometric analysis of spherical triboelectric nanogenerators is *** comparison with earlier works on spherical triboelectric generators,the general case where the moving dielectric rolls on the inside surface of the larger sphere of the TENG is discussed in terms of maximum energy *** optimization analysis of geometrical parameters allows various cases of electrode geometry,either in the form of a spherical circle,spherical ellipse,spherical rectangle,or spherical isosceles trapezium,to be *** analytical insight and computational effective models provided by differential geometry make the mathematical model superior compared to standard three-dimensional(3D)numerical methods.

关键词： spherical triboelectric nanogenerator differential geometry analysis electrode shape study modeling and optimization