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Epidemiological and Diagnostic Profile of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus from 2017 to 2021 in Parakou, Republic of Benin

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 147-161页

作者： Khadidjatou Saké Cossi Angelo Attinsounon Aboudou Raϊmi Kpossou Morayo Omm Ani Salami Astrid Alexandrine Hountondji Kofi-Mensa Savi de Tovè Rhonel Ahanhanzo-Glèlè Kpémahoun rené Kèkè Sossa Edmond Gbédo jean Sehonou Nicolas Kodjoh Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Health Program to Fight AIDS Cotonou Benin National Program for the Control of Hepatitis Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Viral hepatitis B is a public health problem worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological and diagnostic profile of chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus seen for gastroenterology consultations in Parakou, Republic of Benin. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study with retrospective data collection. Patients seen for gastroenterology consultations from January 1, 2017 to June 30, 2021 at the Regional Teaching Hospital of Borgou/Alibori (CHUD-B/A) and having been diagnosed as chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus were included. A minimum initial assessment was required to be included. The minimum sample size was calculated with Schwartz formula. The variable of interest was the detection of HBsAg twice and at least 6 months apart. The other variables studied were sociodemographic, clinical and paraclinical data. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS 17 software. Results: A total of 2786 patients were seen for gastroenterology consultations, including 1126 (40.4%) HBsAg-positive patients. Among them, 417 patients met the inclusion criteria and were the subject of the present study. The average age of the patients was 34.8 ± 10.5 years. Two hundred and forty-seven patients (65.7%) were male, representing a sex ratio of 1.9. The discovery of positive HBsAg status was made during systematic screening in 231 patients (55.4%). Scarifications were noted in 373 patients (89.4%). Asthenia was reported in 184 patients (44.1%). Co-infections with human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C and D viruses were 0% (0 in 92), 2.8% (4 in 146) and 14.3% (2 in 146), respectively. During the initial assessment, 274 patients (65.7%) were sero-negative for chronic HBeAg infection, 21 (5%) had clinically significant fibrosis including 16 (3.8%) at the stage of cirrhosis and 7 patients (5.4%) had hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion: In Parakou, chronic hepatitis B virus infection is common and affects young pe

关键词： Chronic Infection HBV Epidemiology Diagnosis Parakou

Deep reinforcement learning in fluid mechanics:A promising method for both active flow control and shape optimization

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第2期32卷 234-246页

作者： jean Rabault Feng ren Wei Zhang Hui Tang Hui Xu Department of Mathematics University of OsloOsloNorway Research Center of Fluid Structure Interactions Department of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnical UniversityHong KongChina Science and Technology on Water Jet Propulsion Laboratory Marine Design and Research Institute of ChinaShanghai200011China School of Aeronautic and Astronautic Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200011China Department of Aeronautics Imperial College LondonLondonUK

In recent years,artificial neural networks(ANNs)and deep learning have become increasingly popular across a wide range of scientific and technical fields,including fluid *** it will take time to fully grasp the potentialities as well as the limitations of these methods,evidence is starting to accumulate that point to their potential in helping solve problems for which no theoretically optimal solution method is *** is particularly true in fluid mechanics,where problems involving optimal control and optimal design are ***,such problems are famously difficult to solve effectively with traditional methods due to the combination of non linearity,non convexity,and high dimensionality they *** contrast,deep reinforcement learning(DRL),a method of optimization based on teaching empirical strategies to an ANN through trial and error,is well adapted to solving such *** this short review,we offer an insight into the current state of the art of the use of DRL within fluid mechanics,focusing on control and optimal design problems.

关键词： Machine learning deep reinforcement learning(DRL) flow control

Management of skin toxicities during panitumumab treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第29期25卷 4007-4018页

作者： Olivier Bouche Meher Ben Abdelghani jean-Luc Labourey Simon Triby rené-jean Bensadoun Thomas Jouary Gaétan Des Guetz Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Hopital Robert Debre CHU ReimsReims 51000France Oncology Department Centre Paul StraussStrasbourg 67000France Oncology Department Centre HospitalierCarcassonne 11000France Medical Department AMGEN FranceBoulogne-Billancourt 92100France Radiation Oncology Centre de Haute EnergieNice 06000France Dermatology Department Hopital Saint-Andre CHU de BordeauxBordeaux 33000France Oncology Department Avicenne HospitalBobigny 93000France

BACKGROUND Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy is associated with skin adverse events not previously reported with conventional chemotherapy. Prophylactic actions are recommended, but routine clinical management of these toxicities and their impact on quality of life remain unknown. AIM To assess the dermatological toxicities reported after panitumumab initiation, their impact on the quality of life and the clinical practices for their management. METHODS Patients included in this prospective multicenter observational study were over 18 years of age and began treatment with panitumumab for wild-type KRAS metastatic colorectal cancer. The incidence of dermatological toxicities, clinical practices for their management and impact on quality of life were recorded during a 6-mo follow-up. RESULTS Overall, 229 patients (males, 57.6%;mean age, 66.2 years) were included. At day 15, 59.3% of patients had dermatological toxicity;the rate peaked at month 2 (74.7%) and decreased at month 6 (46.5%). The most frequent dermatological toxicities were rash/acneiform rash, xerosis and skin cracks. At least one preventive treatment was administered to 65.9% of patients (oral antibiotics, 84.1%;emollients, 75.5%;both, 62.9%). The rates of patients who received at least one curative treatment peaked at month 2 (63.4%) and decreased at month 6 (44.8%). The impact of the dermatological toxicities on quality of life was limited as assessed with Dermatology Life Quality Index scores and inconvenience visual analogic scale score. The rates of topical corticosteroids administration and visits to specialists were low. CONCLUSION The rates of the different skin toxicities peaked at various times and were improved at the end of follow-up. Nevertheless, their clinical management could be optimized with a better adherence to current recommendations. The impact of skin toxicities on patient’s quality of life appeared to be limited.

关键词： Metastatic colorectal cancer Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors Panitumumab Skin toxicity Quality of life

Iron in the NEEM ice core relative to Asian loess records over the last glacial–interglacial cycle

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National Science Review 2021年第7期8卷 110-123页

作者： Cunde Xiao Zhiheng Du Mike J Handley Paul A Mayewski Junji Cao Simon Schupbach Tong Zhang jean-Robert Petit Chuanjin Li Yeongcheol Han Yuefang Li Jiawen ren State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Climate Change Institute School of Earth and Climate Sciences University of Maine Key Laboratory of Aerosol Science and Technology SKLLQG Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Climate and Environmental Physics Physics Institute University of Bern 6. Institute of Tibetan Plateau and Polar Meteorology Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences 7. Institut des Geosciences de I'Environment (IGE) University Grenoble Alpes 8. Korea Polar Research Institute

Mineral dust can indirectly affect the climate by supplying bioavailable iron(Fe) to the ocean. Here, we present the records of dissolved Fe(DFe) and total Fe(TDFe) in North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling(NEEM) ice core over the past 110 kyr BP. The Fe records are significantly negatively correlated with the carbon-dioxide(CO2) concentrations during cold periods. The results suggest that the changes in Fe fluxes over the past 110 kyr BP in the NEEM ice core are consistent with those in Chinese loess records because the mineral-dust distribution is controlled by the East Asian deserts. Furthermore, the variations in the dust input on a global scale are most likely driven by changes in solar radiation during the last glacial–interglacial cycle in response to Earth’s orbital cycles. In the last glacial–interglacial cycle, the DFe/TDFe ratios were higher during the warm periods(following the post-Industrial Revolution and during the Holocene and last interglacial period) than during the main cold period(i.e. the last glacial maximum(LGM)), indicating that the aeolian input of iron and the iron fertilization effect on the oceans have a non-linear relationship during different periods. Although the burning of biomass aerosols has released large amounts of DFe since the Industrial Revolution, no significant responses are observed in the DFe and TDFe variations during this period, indicating that severe anthropogenic contamination has no significant effect on the DFe(TDFe)release in the NEEM ice core.

关键词： Greenland NEEM ice core iron fertilization carbon dioxide Chinese loess glacial–interglacial cycle

Confirmation of 24 h 50 min Lunar Periodicity, Apparently Inexplicable by Classical Factors, in Precession of Allais Pendulum

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Journal of Modern Physics 2022年第12期13卷 1598-1634页

作者： Thomas Goodey Dimitrie Olenici jean-Bernard Deloly rené Verreault Independant Researcher Com&#259 neș ti Romania Astronomical Observatory Stefan cel Mare University Suceava County Romania Independant Researcher Epinay sur Orge France Department of Fundamental Sciences University of Quebec at Chicoutimi Saguenay Canada

During 36 days the motion of two pendulums, which were restarted every hour, was continuously recorded. 869 “runs” were thus made, providing each time the precession during the run, as well as other parameters of the motion. Spectral analysis of precession and ellipticity revealed a lunar component of 24 h 50 min, which can only result from an astral action, through mechanisms yet to be discovered. Indeed, an analysis was carried out of the influence of all classical perturbing factors: direct or indirect action of classical gravity, temperature, Earth’s magnetic field, etc.… None of them can explain this component, given its amplitude and phase. Its amplitude excludes also an explanation by general relativity. This is consistent with a major result that Allais claimed to have obtained during each one of the six continuous one-month-long experiments he carried out from 1954 to 1960. The numerous and very precise data provided by an automatic alidade give additional information to those gathered by Allais. All that confirms all the scientific interest that there would be to resume long-duration pendulum observations on a much more important scale: continuous observations for at least 2 years, and if possible more.

关键词： Allais Effect Pendulum 24 h 50 min Period Lunisolar Influence

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一种宽带声场干涉图案处理的方法及其应用

哈尔滨工程大学学报 2012年第3期33卷 296-301页

作者：任群言朴胜春 HERMAND jean-Pierre 哈尔滨工程大学水声技术重点实验室黑龙江哈尔滨150001 布鲁塞尔自由大学水下声学环境实验室

针对传统图像处理方法不能给出声场干涉图案局部信息的局限性,介绍了一种基于图像Hessian矩阵特征值分析的多尺度线性滤波器,进行干涉图案的处理和特征提取,建立了具体条纹斜率和位置估计的有效方法,并进一步讨论了依据条纹参数估计结... 详细信息

针对传统图像处理方法不能给出声场干涉图案局部信息的局限性,介绍了一种基于图像Hessian矩阵特征值分析的多尺度线性滤波器,进行干涉图案的处理和特征提取,建立了具体条纹斜率和位置估计的有效方法,并进一步讨论了依据条纹参数估计结果进行海底地声参数反演的可行性.从数值仿真以及海上实验数据的处理结果表明,该方法可以有效地提取宽带声场的干涉结构和条纹信息,而条纹的参数信息也可进一步应用到地声参数反演中.

关键词：宽带声场干涉结构波导不变量简正波条纹处理地声参数反演

维普期刊数据库

Unique two-way free-standing thermo-and photo-responsive shape memory azobenzene-containing polyurethane liquid crystal network

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Science China Materials 2020年第12期63卷 2590-2598页

作者： Zhi-Bin Wen ren-Fan Shao jean-Marie Raquez Noel AClark Ke-Ke Yang Yu-Zhong Wang Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE) State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringNational Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials(Sichuan)College of ChemistrySichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Department of Physics and Soft Materials Research Center University of ColoradoBoulderColorado 80309-0390USA Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers Materia Nova Research Center&University of Mons23 Place du ParcB-7000 MonsBelgium

In this work,azobenzene-containing polyurethane liquid crystal networks(PULCN(AZO)s)were synthesized using a one-pot strategy to demonstrate excellent two-way free-standing thermo-/photo-responsive shape memory *** on the step-growth nature of hydroxyls and isocyanates,the architectures of the networks were adjusted by controlling the stoichiometries of chemical materials.A uniform monodomain sample was prepared by external stress relaxation via a reversible addition reaction of a dynamic carbamate *** independent transition temperatures assigned to glass transition temperature/melting temperature and liquid crystal phase transition temperature were employed to thermally trigger triple shape memory effects and two-way autonomous *** addition,taking advantage of the trans-cis photoisomerization of azobenzene,the programmed network showed a reversible bending and unbending shape change upon irradiation by visible light at450 and 550 nm,*** the autonomously thermo-induced contraction/extension actuation and reversible photo-induced bending/unbending behaviors of PULCN(AZO)s in one system will expand their potential applications in emerging multifunctional devices.

关键词： polyurethane network liquid crystal polymer reversible actuation thermo-/photo-induced shape memory effect

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NANOWIRES WITH DEFINITE RADII FORMED IN OPERATING LIQUID METAL ION SOURCES （LMIS）

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NANOWIRES WITH DEFINITE RADII FORMED IN OPERATING LIQUID MET...

Single Frequency WAAS Augmentation Observations (L1 vs. L5) on a Ground Based GPS L1 C/A Solution

Ⅻ International Symposium on Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters

作者： Pierre Joyes jean Van de Walle rené-jean Tarento Laboratoire de Physique des Solides Université Paris-SudBt.510 91405 Orsay（France） Laboratoire de Physique des Solides Université Paris-SudBt.510 91405 Orsay（France） Laboratoire de Physique des Solides Université Paris-SudBt.510 91405 Orsay（France）

＜正＞ For some elements such as germanium or tin, the mass spectra of ions emitted by liquid metal ion sources （LMIS） exhibit periodicities, i.e. series of equidistant peaks with an increase, v, in the number of atoms between two peaks. We attribute it to the existence of jets inoperating LMIS, the upper part of them being cylinders with v-atom sections. The Ge6m+3+1

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Positioning 2014年第3期5卷 70-83页

作者： Marc-Antoine Fortin jean-Christophe Guay rené Jr. Landry école de Technologie Supérieure (éTS) Montréal Canada école de Technologie Supérieure (éTS) Montréal Canada

This paper presents observations on the WAAS L1 and L5 signals quality and their impact on the robustness of the navigation solution by quantifying the contributions of each broadcasted differential correction. This work is undertaken with the intent of defining performance benefits of L5 by dual frequency WAAS users and is to provide useful material for Minimum Operational Performance Standard (MOPS) development. In this perspective, a study of the WAAS signal characteristics is first carried out. The information gathered is then used to compare various GPS solutions in terms of frequency diversity, satellite diversity, pseudorange noise and different signal corrections and their impacts. These solutions are compared against a reference standalone GPS solution. All statistics are computed with respect to a post-processed Novatel Waypoint Real-Time Kinematics (RTK) GPS L1/L2 semi-codeless static solution, considered as the reference. A discussion on some simplifications with respect to specifications (i.e. MOPS) that could be considered by receiver manufacturers closes the paper. It is confirmed that the current WAAS navigation message definition is the same on both the L1 and L5 frequencies, the latter further being Manchester coded, thus avoiding data ambiguity. The +5 dB SNR on L5 has minor impacts in terms of reliability and continuous availability in the presented scenarios, but would become especially beneficial in hostile environments, despite a greater number of pulsed interferers. Another demonstration is that the WAAS message varies slightly from one WAAS satellite to another, even if corrections are generated centrally. Finally, it is observed that WAAS and GPS signals pseudorange noise are comparable on a “per frequency” basis.

关键词： GPS L1 WAAS L1 WAAS L5 MOPS Pseudorange Noise