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Interannual dynamics of stemwood nonstructural carbohydrates in temperate forest trees surrounding drought

Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 77-86页

作者： Meghan J.Blumstein morgan e.furze Department of Organismic and evolutionary Biology Harvard University26 Oxford StCambridgeMA 02138USA Civil and environmental engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AveRoom 1-290CambridgeMA 02139USA Department of Botany and Plant Pathology Department of Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue University915 W State StreetWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Interactions between water and carbon dynamics underlie drought-related tree *** whole-tree water relations have been shown to play a key role in the response to and recovery from drought,the role of nonstructural carbohydrates(NSC) and how their storage and allocation changes surrounding drought events deserves further attention and is critical for understanding tree ***,we quantified in situ NSC responses of temperate forest trees to the 2016 drought in the northeastern United *** and starch concentrations were measured in the stemwood of five tree species from 2014 to 2019,which allowed us to monitor NSCs in relation to climatic conditions before,during,and after the natural *** found that immediately following the drought,measured stemwood NSC concentrations ***,NSC concentrations rebounded quickly within three ***,trees allocated proportionally more to starch than to sugars following the 2016 *** winter 2017,starch comprised 45% of total stemwood stores,whereas starch made up only 1-2% in other ***,we modeled and assessed the climatic drivers of total NSC concentrations in the *** in total NSC concentrations was significantly predicted by the previous year’s temperature,precipitation,and standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index(SPeI),with stemwood concentrations decreasing following hotter,drier periods and increasing following cooler,wetter ***,our work provides insight into the climatic drivers of NSC storage and highlights the important role that a tree’s carbon economy may play in its response and recovery to environmental stress.

关键词： Drought Nonstructural carbohydrates Starch metabolism Forest trees

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Association between high deductible health plan coverage and age at pediatric umbilical hernia repair

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2023年第2期6卷 70-76页

作者： morgan e Doty Lindsay A Gil Jennifer N Cooper The Ohio State University College of Medicine ColumbusOhioUSA Department of Surgery Nationwide Children's HospitalThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA Department of Pediatrics Nationwide Children's HospitalThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA

Background High deductible health plans(HDHPs)are associated with the avoidance of both necessary and unnecessary *** hernia repair(UHR)is a procedure that is frequently unnecessarily performed in young children,contrary to best practice *** hypothesized that children with HDHPs,as compared with other types of commercial health plans,are less likely to undergo UHR before 4 years of age but are also more likely to have UHR delayed beyond 5 years of *** Children aged 0-18 years old residing in metropolitan statistical areas(MSAs)who underwent UHR in 2012-2019 were identified in the IBM Marketscan Commercial Claims and encounters Database.A quasi-experimental study design using MSA/year-level HDHP prevalence among children as an instrumental variable was employed to account for selection bias in HDHP ***-stage least squares regression modeling was used to evaluate the association between HDHP coverage and age at *** A total of 8601 children were included(median age 5 years,IQR 3-7).Univariable analysis revealed no differences between the HDHP and non-HDHP groups in the likelihood of UHR being performed before 4 years of age(27.7%vs 28.7%,p=0.37)or after 5 years of age(39.8%vs 38.9%,p=0.52).Geographical region,metropolitan area size,and year were associated with HDHP *** variable analysis demonstrated no association between HDHP coverage and undergoing UHR atears of age(p=0.76)or>5 years of age(p=0.87).Conclusions HDHP coverage is not associated with age at pediatric *** studies should investigate other means by which UHRs in young children can be avoided.

关键词： pediatric hernia likely

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Helicobacter pylori recurrence after eradication in Latin America:Implications for gastric cancer prevention

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第4期9卷 184-193页

作者： Juan e Corral Robertino Mera Corey W Dye Douglas R morgan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Division of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionVanderbilt University Department of Medicine University of Miami Miller School of Medicine

To estimate Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) recurrence rate in Latin America, a region with a significant H. pylori prevalence and gastric cancer burden. MeTHODSPubMed, LILACS, ScieLO, Cochrane databases and abstracts from relevant meetings were reviewed. Information collected included: Participants’ characteristics, recruitment strategy, diagnostic modality, treatment arms, follow-up and recurrence rates. Recurrence was calculated using 100-patients-year rates, and data were pooled using a random effects model. The I2 statistic assessed between study heterogeneity. Meta-regression analyses evaluated for effect modifying variables. ReSULTSLiterature search yielded 163 articles. Twelve studies involving 4848 patients from 9 countries met inclusion criteria. Four hundred and thirty-two reinfections were recorded in 5487 person-years of follow-up. Pooled analysis showed a recurrence rate of 7.9 cases per 100 person-years (95%CI: 5.3-10.5). Meta-regression revealed that neither the antibiotic schema, a second antibiotic course, nor the diagnostic modality had an impact on the observed risk of recurrence. The recurrence rate in the first year after treatment, predominantly recrudescence, was 11.2 (6.1-16.4) per 100 patient years. Recurrence in subsequent years, was only 6.2 (3.8-8.7). CONCLUSIONH. pylori recurrence rates in Latin America are significant, and with geographic variability, yet are acceptable based upon the current literature for consideration of large scale intervention trials. Further research in Latin America is warranted to evaluate the efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and potential adverse outcomes of proposed eradication programs.

关键词： Gastric cancer Reinfection Hispanic Helicobacter pylori Latin America

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Assessing bioactivity of environmental water samples filtered using nanomembrane technology and mammalian cell lines

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eco-environment & Health 2024年第3期3卷 347-354页

作者： Sarah e.morgan Lisa A.DeLouise Department of environmental Medicine University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNY 14642USA Department of Biomedical engineering University of RochesterRochesterNY 14627USA Department of Dermatology University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNY 14642USA Lake Ontario Center for Microplastics and Human Health in a Changing environment University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNY 14642USA

This project reports on the use of a novel nanomembrane filtering technology to isolate and analyze the bioactivity of microplastic(MP)-containing debris from Lake Ontario water *** MPs are a complex mixture of polymers and sorbed chemicals that are persistent and can exhibit a wide range of toxic *** human exposure to MPs is unavoidable,it is necessary to characterize their bioactivity to assess potential health *** work seeks to quantify MP presence in the nearshore waters of Lake Ontario and begin to characterize the bioactivity of the filtrate containing *** utilized silicon nitride(SiN)nanomembrane technology to isolate debris sized between 8 and 20μm from lake water samples collected at various times and *** were identified with Nile red ***-based assays were conducted directly on the filtered debris to test for cell viability,aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AhR)activity,and interleukin 6(IL-6)levels as a measure of proinflammatory *** samples contained *** of the isolated debris impacted cell ***,AhR activity and IL-6 levels varied over ***,no associations were observed between the amount of plastic and *** differences in activity are likely due to variations in the physiochemical properties of debris between *** results highlight the need for increased sampling to fully characterize the bioactivity of MPs in human cells and to elucidate the role that sample physiochemical and spatiotemporal properties play in this activity.

关键词： Microplastics SiN nanomembranes Lake Ontario Aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AhR)activity IL-6 levels Bioactivity

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Standardized Management of Acute Pulmonary Hemorrhage after Percutaneous Pulmonary Vein Intervention

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第4期19卷 389-397页

作者： Catalina Vargas-Acevedo Gareth J.morgan Rhynn Soderstrom Richard Ing Nicholas Houska Jenny e.Zablah Department of Pediatric Cardiology University of ColoradoThe Heart InstituteChildren’s Hospital ColoradoAuroraCO 80045USA Department of Pharmacology Children’s Hospital ColoradoAuroraCO 80045USA Department of Anesthesia University of ColoradoChildren’s Hospital ColoradoAuroraCO 80045USA

Introduction:Pulmonary hemorrhage(PHm)is a life-threatening complication that can occur after catheter-based interventions in patients with pulmonary vein stenosis(PVS).Inhaled racemic epinephrine(iRe)and tra-nexamic acid(iTXA)have been used in other conditions,but a standardized approach in PVS has not been *** aimed to describe the current management of PHm after PVS catheter-based ***:We present a retrospective review of episodes of PHm from July 2022 to February *** was deﬁned as frank blood suctioned from the endotracheal tube including blood-tinged secretions and>3%decrease in saturations and/or ventilatory changes with or without acute chest X-ray *** individual episode of PHm was considered a separate *** was calculated based on the total number of PVS interventions during the study ***:eleven episodes of PHm were identiﬁed out of 108 PVS interventions,resulting in an incidence of 10.2%.Five(45.5%)had primary PVS,and seven(63.6%)had bilateral *** median age at PHm was 23 months(3-91 months).Four episodes were treated with iRe,ﬁve with both iRe and iTXA,and two with only iTXA due to a history of suprasystemic right ventricular *** time on mechanical ventila-tion after PHm was 24 h(15-72 h)and a median ICU stay of 2 days(1-8 days).Hemostasis was achieved in all *** were no adverse events after iTXA,however,transient hypertension was observed after iRe which was ***:The implementation of a standardized protocol for the treatment of PHm in PVS has the potential to improve procedural planning,has a wider availability of medications,and greater awareness by the providers involved,possibly leading to earlier detection of PHm and appropriate treatment.

关键词： Pulmonary vein stenosis congenital heart disease pulmonary hemorrhage inhaled tranexamic acid racemic epinephrine

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Initial impacts of rain gardens＇ application on water quality and quantity in combined sewer： field-scale experiment

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2017年第4期11卷 127-138页

作者： Isam Alyaseri Jianpeng Zhou Susan M. morgan Andrew Bartlett Department of Civil engineering Al-Muthanna University Alsamawah Al-Muthanna 72001 Iraq Department of Civil engineering Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville IL 62026 USA Graduate School Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville IL 62026 USA Agricultural Statistics Laboratory University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR 72701 USA

Green infrastructures such as rain gardens can benetit onsite reduction ot stormwater runott, leading to reduced combined sewer overflows. A pilot project was conducted to evaluate the impact of rain gardens on the water quality and volume reduction of storm runoff from urban streets in a combined sewer area. The study took place in a six-block area on South Grand Boulevard in St. Louis, Missouri. The impact was assessed through a comparison between the pre-construction （2011/2012） and the post-construction （2014） phases. Shortly after the rain gardens were installed, the levels of total suspended solids, chloride, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, zinc, and copper increased. The level of mercury was lower than the detection level in both phases. e. coli was the only parameter that showed statistically significant decrease following the installation of rain gardens. The likely reason for initial increase in monitored water quality parameters is that the post-construction sampling began after the rain gardens were constructed but before planting, resulted from soil erosion and wash-out from the mulch. However, the levels of most of water quality parameters decreased in the following time period during the post-construction phase. The study found 76% volume reduction of stormwater runoff following the installation of rain gardens at one of studied sites. Statistical analysis is essential on collected data because of the encountered high variability of measured flows resulted from low flow conditions in studied sewers.

关键词： Rain gardens Bioretention Combined sewer Stormwater quality and quantity

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Process development for green part printing using binder jetting additive manufacturing

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Frontiers of Mechanical engineering 2018年第4期13卷 504-512页

作者： Hadi MIYANAJI morgan ORTH Junaid Muhammad AKBAR Li YANG Department of Industrial engineering University of Louisville Louisville KY 40292 USA Department of Mechanical engineering University of LouisvilleLouisville KY 40292 USA

Originally developed decades ago, the binder jetting additive manufacturing （B J-AM） process possesses various advantages compared to other additive manufacturing （AM） technologies such as broad material compat- ibility and technological expandability. However, the adoption of B J-AM has been limited by the lack of knowledge with the fundamental understanding of the process principles and characteristics, as well as the relatively few systematic design guideline that are available. In this work, the process design considerations for B J-AM in green part fabrication were discussed in detail in order to provide a comprehensive perspective of the design for additive manufacturing for the process. Various process factors, including binder saturation, in- process drying, powder spreading, powder feedstock characteristics, binder characteristics and post-process curing, could significantly affect the printing quality of the green parts such as geometrical accuracy and part integrity. For powder feedstock with low flowability, even though process parameters could be optimized to partially offset the printing feasibility issue, the qualities of the green parts will be intrinsically limited due to the existence of large internal voids that are inaccessible to the binder. In addition, during the process development, the balanced combination between the saturation level and in-process drying is of critical importance in the quality control of the green parts.

关键词： binder jetting additive manufacturing green part process optimization process development

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Impact on dietary intake of a self-directed, gender-tailored diabetes prevention program in men

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第8期8卷 414-421页

作者： Megan e Rollo elroy J Aguiar Kirrilly M Pursey Philip J morgan Ronald C Plotnikoff Myles D Young Clare e Collins Robin Callister Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Health Sciences Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Callaghan Department of Kinesiology School of Public Health and Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Amherst Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Education Faculty of Education and Arts University of Newcastle Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle

AIMTo investigate changes in dietary intake following a 6-mo randomised controlled trial of the self-directed, gender-tailored type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Prevention Using LifeStyle education (PULSe) program in men. MeTHODSMen aged 18-65 years, with a body mass index (BMI) 25-40 kg/m2, and at high risk for developing T2DM were recruited from the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. eligible participants were randomised into one of two groups: (1) waitlist control; or (2) PULSe intervention. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline and immediately post-program using the Australian eating Survey food frequency questionnaire and diet quality measured using the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS). ReSULTSOne hundred and one participants (n = 48, control; n = 53, intervention, mean age 52.3 ± 9.7 years, BMI of 32.6 ± 3.3 kg/m2) commenced the study. Following the active phase, differences between groups were observed for proportion of total energy consumed from healthful (core) foods (+7.6%eI, P energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods (-7.6%eI, P et quality (ARFS) (+4.3, P = 0.004), including sub-scales for fruit (+1.1, P = 0.03), meat (+0.9, P = 0.004) and non-meat protein (+0.5, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONThe PULSe prevention program’s nutrition messages led to significant improvements in dietary intake in men at risk of T2DM.

关键词： Dietary intake Diet quality Men Diabetes prevention program Self-directed

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Coherent-interface-induced strain in large lattice-mismatched materials:A new approach for modeling Raman shift

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Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 2405-2412页

作者： Andrian V.Kuchuk Fernando Mde Oliveira Pijush K.Ghosh Yuriy I.Mazur Hryhorii V.Stanchu Marcio D.Teodoro morgan e.Ware Gregory J.Salamo Institute for Nanoscience and engineering University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA Departamento de Física Universidade Federal de São CarlosSão CarlosSP 13565-905Brazil Department of electrical engineering University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA

Strain engineering as one of the most powerful techniques for tuning optical and electronic properties of III-nitrides requires reliable methods for strain *** this work,we reveal,that the linear model based on the experimental data limited to within a small range of biaxial strains(ely used for the non-destructive Raman study of strain with nanometer-scale spatial resolution is not valid for the binary wurtzite-structure group-III nitrides GaN and ***,we found that the discrepancy between the experimental values of strain and those calculated via Raman spectroscopy increases as the strain in both GaN and AlN ***,a new model has been developed to describe the strain-induced Raman frequency shift in GaN and AlN for a wide range of biaxial strains(up to 2.5%).Finally,we proposed a new approach to correlate the Raman frequency shift and strain,which is based on the lattice coherency in the epitaxial layers of superlattice structures and can be used for a wide range of materials.

关键词： Raman spectroscopy strain lattice coherency III-nitrides high-resolution X-ray diffraction(HRXRD)

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Climate change effects on rangelands and rangeland management:affirming the need for monitoring

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ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第3期3卷 1-14页

作者： Daniel W.McCollum John A.Tanaka Jack A.morgan John e.Mitchell William e.Fox Kristie A.Maczko Lori Hidinger Clifford S.Duke Urs P.Kreuter Rocky Mountain Research Station USDAForest Service240 W.Prospect RoadFort CollinsColorado 80526 USA James C.Hageman Sustainable Agriculture Research and extension Center University of WyomingDept 33541000 E.University AvenueLaramieWyoming 82071 USA USDA ARS Rangelands Resources Research Unit8408 Hildreth RoadCheyenneWyoming 82009 USA Texas A&M AgriLife Research Ecosystem Science&Management720 E.Blackland RoadTempleTexas 76502 USA Consortium for Science Policyand OutcomesArizona State UniversityPO Box 875603TempeArizona 85287 USA ecological Society of America 1990 M StreetNWSuite 700WashingtonD.C.20036 USA ecosystem Science and Management Texas A&M University2138 TAMUCollege StationTexas 77843 USA

Uncertainty as to the extent and magnitude of changes in conditions that might occur due to climate change poses a problem for land and resource managers as they seek to adapt to changes and mitigate effects of climate *** illustrate using scenarios of projected future conditions on rangelands in the Northern Great Plains and Desert Southwest of the United *** two regions are different in the ways climate change is projected to affect the *** of a longer and warmer growing season in the Northern Great Plains could lead to increased forage production and land *** uncertain effects on summer monsoons that primarily control rangeland productivity in the Desert Southwest,combined with the possibility of more intense and/or frequent drought events,could present land managers with challenges stemming from decreased forage production and land *** projections,though uncertain,provide land managers with basic insight into future conditions they might *** need more.A focus on vulnerability and resilience,with explicit recognition of interactions between ecological and socio-economic factors,coupled with systematic monitoring and assessment of observable conditions on the land to supplement information based on climate projections,will more effectively provide critical and specific information managers need to adaptively manage rangelands under uncertain climate futures.

关键词： adaptive management climate change indicators monitoring rangelands resilience uncertainty vulnerability

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