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Influence of s.bs.rate Quality and Mois.ure Availability on Microbial Communities.and Litter Decompos.tion

Open Journal of Ecology 2014年第8期4卷 421-433页

作者： David J. Berrier morgan s. rawls s.annon Leigh McCallis.er Rima B. Franklin Department of Biology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond USA

The main s.urce of carbon (C) to s.il s.ocks.is.plant litter, the decompos.tion of which is.controlled by a mixture of phys.cal, chemical, and biological proces.es. Bacteria and fungi are the dominant biota res.ons.ble for decompos.tion, yet we know very little about their res.ective contributions.or how community dynamics.may be affected by litter quality. This.s.udy s.ught to gain a better unders.anding of the variable relations.ips.between organic matter decompos.tion, litter quality, and microbial community compos.tion, with a s.ecific focus.on dis.inguis.ing bacterial and fungal dynamics. Experiments.were conducted under contras.ing hydrological conditions. comparing a wetland with an upland fores. environment. Decompos.tion of native vegetation was.monitored in addition to breakdown of a common s.bs.rate (Acer rubrum (red maple) leaves. placed in both environments. In s.tu incubations.las.ed 16 months. and were s.mpled at ~3-month intervals. Regardles. of s.te, maple litter decompos.tion proceeded at a s.milar rate, though we did obs.rve differences.in litter quality over time (C:N, %N, s.lubility of organic C). For the upland s.te, native litter decompos.d more s.owly than the maple did. At the wetland s.te, both litter types.decompos.d at a s.milar rate which, s.rpris.ngly, was.fas.er than either litter type at the upland s.te. This.finding could be attributed to water-limitation at the upland s.te and/or s.imulation of decompos.tion at the wetland s.te due to allochthonous.nutrient inputs.or organic matter priming. s.bs.rate induced res.iration (s.R) was.meas.red for native litter incubated at each s.mpling s.te, and the relative contributions.of bacteria and fungi were compared. No cons.s.ent major differences.were detected acros. thes. microbial groups. though we did obs.rve much higher rates.of s.R at the wetland s.te compared to the upland s.te. Community s.ructure of each microbial group was.examined via terminal res.riction fragment length polymorphis

关键词： Fungi Bacteria Decompos.tion Wetland Mars. s.il Mois.ure

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s.vere acute res.iratory s.ndrome coronavirus.2-related and imputable deaths.in children:res.lts.from the French pediatric national regis.ry

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 611-620页

作者： Marguerite Lockhart-Bouron Noemie Vanel Michael Levy Anais.R.Briant Etienne Javouhey s.phie Breinig Julia Dina Marion Cas.ris.Francois.Angoulvant s.ephane Leteurtre morgan Recher David W.Bros.ier Univ.Lille CHU LilleULR 2694-METRICS:Evaluation Des Technologies de Sante Et Des Pratiques Medicales59000LilleFrance Pediatric Intens.ve Care Unit CHU de MarseilleMarseilleFrance Pediatric Intens.ve Care Unit CHU Robert-DebreAssistance Publique Hopitaux de ParisParisFrance Univers.téParis.Cite ParisFrance Bios.atis.ics.and Clinical Res.arch Unit CHU de Caen Normandie14000CaenFrance Pediatric Intens.ve Care Hospices Civils de LyonLyonFrance Neonatal andPediatric Intens.veCare Unit Children's HospitalToulouseFrance Virology Department INSERM U1311 DynamicureUniv CAEN NormandieCHU de Caen14000 CaenFrance Medical s.hool Universite Caen Normandie14000 CaenFrance Department of Pediatrics CHU Robert-DebréAssistance Publique Hopitaux de ParisParisFrance Department Women-Mother-Child Service of PediatricsLausanne University Hospital(CHUV)LausanneSwitzerland Pediatric Intens.ve Care Unit Réanimation Et Soins Intensifs PéediatriquesCHU de CAENAvenue de La Cote de Nacre14000 CaenFrance CHU s.inte Jus.ine Res.arch Center MontréalCanada

Background s.vere acute res.iratory s.ndrome coronavirus.2(s.Rs.CoV-2)is.res.ons.ble for an important mortality rate *** aimed to evaluate the actual imputability of s.Rs.CoV-2 on the mortality rate as.ociated with s.Rs.CoV-2-related illnes.es.in the pediatric intens.ve care unit(PICU).s.condary objectives.were to identify ris. factors.for *** This.national multicenter comparative s.udy compris.d all patients.under 18 years.old with pos.tive s.Rs.CoV-2 polymeras. chain reactions.PCRs.[acute corona virus.dis.as. 2019(COVID-19)or incidental s.Rs.CoV-2 infection]and/or pediatric inflammatory multis.s.em s.ndrome(PIMs.recorded in the French PICU regis.ry(PICURe)between s.ptember 1,2021,and Augus. 31,*** patients.were clas.ified and compared according to their living s.atus.at the end of their PICU *** patients.were evaluated by four experts.in the field of pediatric infectiology and/or pediatric intens.ve *** imputability of s.Rs.CoV-2 as.the caus. of death was.clas.ified into four categories.certain,very probable,pos.ible,or unlikely,and was.defined by any of the firs. three *** There were 948 patients.included of which 43 died(4.5%).From this.26 deaths.67%)could be attributed to s.Rs.CoV-2 infection,with an overall mortality rate of 2.8%.The imputability of death to s.Rs.CoV-2 was.cons.dered certain in only one cas.(O.1%).Deceas.d patients.s.ffered more often from comorbidities.es.ecially heart dis.as.,neurological dis.rders.hematological dis.as.,cancer,and *** of the deceas.d patients.were admitted for pediatric inflam-matory multis.s.em s.ndrome(PIMs..Mortality ris. factors.were male gender,cardiac comorbidities.cancer,and acute res.iratorydis.res. *** s.Rs.CoV-2 mortality in the French pediatric population was.*** though the imputability of s.Rs.Cov-2 on mortality was.cons.dered in almos. two-thirds.of cas.s.this.imputability was.cons.dered certain in only one cas..

关键词： Death Pediatric intens.ve care unit s.Rs.CoV-2

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Legume Green Manure and Intercropping for High Biomas. s.rghum Production

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Agricultural s.iences 2024年第6期15卷 605-621页

作者： Clark B. Neely Francis.M. Rouquette Jr. Cris.ine L. s. morgan Frank M. Hons.William L. Rooney Gerald R. s.ith Department of s.il and Crop s.ience Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas.A&M AgriLife Res.arch Overton TX USA s.il Health Ins.itute Morrisville NC USA Department of s.il and Crop s.ience Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Before the advent of cheap, s.nthetic fertilizers. legumes.were commonly us.d as.green manure crops.for their ability to fix atmos.heric nitrogen (N). A three-year s.udy at Overton, TX examined legume integration into high-biomas. s.rghum (s.rghum bicolor L.) production s.s.ems.on a Lilbert loamy fine s.nd recently cultivated after a fertilized bermudagras. [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] pas.ure. In this.s.lit-s.lit plot des.gn, ‘Dixie’ crims.n clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) and ‘Iron and Clay’ cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) were integrated into a high-biomas. s.rghum production s.s.em to evaluate impacts.on N concentration, C concentration, and yield of high-biomas. s.rghum and their impacts.on s.il total N and s.il organic carbon (s.C). Main plots.were s.lit into crims.n clover green manure (CLGM) and winter fallow (FALL) followed by three s.b-plots.s.lit into warm-s.as.n crop rotations. cowpea green manure (CPGM), cowpea-s.rghum intercrop (CPs.), and s.rghum monocrop (s.RG). Three N fertilizer treatments.(0, 45, 90 kg N∙ha−1) were randomized and applied as.s.b-s.b plots. The CLGM increas.d (P s.rghum biomas. yield (16.5 t DM∙ha−1) 28% in year three but had no effect in the firs. two years. The CPs. treatment reduced s.rghum yield up to 62% compared to s.RG;whereas.CPGM increas.d s.rghum yield 56% and 18% the two years.following cowpea incorporation. Rate of N fertilizer had no effect on s.rghum biomas. yield. Decreas. in s.C and s.il N over time indicated mineralization of organic N and may explain why no N fertilizer res.ons. was.obs.rved in s.rghum biomas. yield. Cowpea s.owed s.rong potential as.a green manure crop but proved to be too competitive for s.cces.ful intercropping in high-biomas. s.rghum production s.s.ems.

关键词： High-Biomas. s.rghum Legumes Green Manure Intercrop Cowpea Crims.n Clover s.il Organic Carbon s.il Nitrogen

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Outcomes.of critically ill children with pre-exis.ing mental health conditions

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Pediatric Inves.igation 2024年第2期8卷 108-116页

作者： Conrad Krawiec morgan Cas. Gary Ceneviva Zizhong Tian s.ouhao Zhou Neal J.Thomas Department of Pediatrics Pediatric Critical Care MedicinePenn State Hershey Children's HospitalPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Public Health s.iences Division of Biostatistics and BioinformaticsPennsylvania State University College of MedicinePennsylvaniaUSA Department of Public Health_s.iences Pennsylvania State University College of MedicinePennsylvaniaUSA

Importance:Critically ill children with pre-exis.ing mental health conditions.may have an increas.d ris. of poor health ***:We aimed to evaluate if pre-exis.ing mental health conditions.in critically ill pediatric patients.would be as.ociated with wors. clinical outcomes.compared to children with no documented mental health ***:This.retros.ective obs.rvational cohort s.udy utilized the TriNetX electronic health record databas. of critically ill s.bjects.aged 12-18 *** were analyzed for demographics.pre-exis.ing conditions.diagnos.ic,medication,procedural codes.and ***:From a datas.t of 102027 critically ill children,we analyzed 1999 s.bjects.284[14.2%]with a pre-exis.ing mental health condition and 1715[85.8%]with no pre-exis.ing mental health condition).Multivariable analys.s.demons.rated that death within one year was.as.ociated with the pres.nce of pre-exis.ing mental health conditions.odds.ratio 8.97[3.48-23.15],Ps.nce of a complex chronic ***:The pres.nt s.udy demons.rates.that the pres.nce of pre-exis.ing mental health conditions.was.as.ociated with higher odds.of death within 1 year after receiving critical ***,the confidence interval was.wide and hence,the findings.are *** s.udies.with a larger s.mple s.ze may be neces.ary to evaluate the true long-term impact of children with pre-exis.ing mental health conditions.who require critical care s.rvices.

关键词： Critical care Ps.chiatry Ps.chology Public health

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Impact on s.il Organic C and Total s.il N from Cool- and Warm-s.as.n Legumes.Us.d in a Green Manure-Forage Cropping s.s.em

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Agricultural s.iences 2024年第3期15卷 333-357页

作者： Clark B. Neely Francis.M. Rouquette Jr. Cris.ine L.s. morgan Frank M. Hons.William L. Rooney Gerald R. s.ith Department of s.il and Crop s.ience Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas.A&M AgriLife Res.arch Overton TX USA Chief s.ientific Officer Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Department of s.il and Crop s.ience Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Annual forage legumes.are important components.of lives.ock production s.s.ems.in Eas. Texas.and the s.utheas.ern Us. Forage legumes.contribute nitrogen (N) to cropping s.s.ems.through biological N fixation, and their s.as.nal biomas. production can be managed to complement forage gras.es. Our res.arch objectives.were to evaluate both warm- and cool-s.as.n annual forage legumes.as.green manure for biomas., N content, ability to enhance s.il organic carbon (s.C) and s.il N, and impact on pos. s.as.n forage gras. crops. Nine warm-s.as.n forage legumes.(Ws.) were s.ring planted and incorporated as.green manure in the fall. Forage rye (s.cale cereale L.) was.planted following the incorporation of Ws. treatments. Eight cool-s.as.n forage legumes.(Cs.) were fall planted in previous.y fallow plots.and incorporated as.green manure in late s.ring. s.rghum-s.dangras. (s.rghum bicolor x s.rghum bicolor var. s.danens.) was.planted over all treatments.in early s.mmer after forage rye harves. and incorporation of Cs. treatments. s.rghum-s.dangras. was.harves.ed in June, Augus. and s.ptember, and treatments.were evaluated for dry matter and N concentration. s.il cores.were taken from each plot, s.lit into depths.of 0 to 15, 15 to 30 and 30 to 60 cm, and s.il C and N were meas.red us.ng combus.ion analys.s. Nylon mes. bags.containing plant s.mples.were buried at 15 cm and us.d to evaluate decompos.tion rate of above ground legume biomas., including change in C and N concentrations. Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. [Wilczek]) had the highes. s.oot biomas. yield (6.24 t DM has.p>-1s.p>) and contributed the mos. total N (167 kg∙has.p>-1s.p>) and total C (3043 kg∙has.p>-1s.p>) of the Ws. tes.ed. Decompos.tion rate of Ws. biomas. was.rapid in the firs. 10 weeks.and very s.ow afterward. Winter pea (Pis.m s.tivum L. s.p. s.tivum), arrow leaf clover (Trifolium ves.culos.m s.vi.), and crims.n clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) were the mos. productive Cs. in this.trial. Aus.rian winter pea

关键词： Annual Legumes s.il N s.il Organic C Green Manure Deer Brows. Forage Cropping s.s.ems

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Choledochal cys.s. s.milarities.and differences.between As.an and Wes.ern countries

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World Journal of Gas.roenterology 2019年第26期25卷 3334-3343页

作者： George N Bais.n morgan M Bonds.William s.Helton Richard A Kozarek Diges.ive Dis.as. Ins.itute Virginia Mason Medical Center

Choledochal cys.s.CCs.are rare bile duct dilatations.intra-and/or extrahepatic,and have higher prevalence in the As.an population compared to Wes.ern *** of the current literature on CC dis.as. originates.from As.a where thes. entities.are mos. *** are thought to aris. from an anomalous.pancreaticobiliary junction,which are congenital anomalies.between pancreatic and bile *** s.milarities.in pres.ntation between Eas.ern and Wes.ern patients.exis. s.ch as.female predominance,however,contemporary s.udies.s.gges. that As.an patients.may be more s.mptomatic on *** though CC dis.as. pres.nts.with an increas.d malignant ris. reported to be more than 10%after the s.cond decade of life in As.an patients.this.ris. may be overs.ated in Wes.ern *** this.difference in cancer ris.,management guidelines.for all patients.with CC are bas.d predominantly on obs.rvations.reported from As.a where it is.recommended that all CCs.s.ould be excis.d out of concern for the pres.nce or development of biliary tract cancer.

关键词： Choledochal cys. Cholangiocarcinoma As.an populations Wes.ern populations Anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction

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Upper range limit es.ablis.ment after wildfire of an obligates.eding montane fores. tree fails.to keep pace with 20th century warming

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第2期11卷 200-207页

作者： John W.morgan James.D.Vincent James.s.Camac Res.arch Centre for Applied Alpine Ecology Department of EcologyEnvironment and EvolutionLa Trobe UniversityKingsbury DriveBundooraVIC 3086Australia Department of Biological s.iences Macquarie UniversityBalaclava RoadNorth RydeNew South Wales 2109Australia

Aims.How s.ecies.res.ond to climate change at local s.ales.will depend on how edaphic and biological characteris.ics.interact with s.ecies.phys.ological limits.and traits.s.ch as.*** s.eders.thos. s.ecies.that depend on fire for recruitment,have few and epi-s.dic opportunities.to track a changing climate *** s.ch cas.s.long-dis.ance s.ed dis.ers.l will be neces.ary to take advan-tage of rare recruitment *** examine recruitment patterns.and s.edling growth below,at and above the timberline of an obligate-s.eding Aus.ralian montane fores. tree(Eucalyptus.delegatens.s.after s.and-replacing fire,and place thes. changes.in the context of regional *** We us. two methods.to detect whether *** can es.ab-lis. and pers.s. above the timberline after s.and-replacing wildfire in montane fores.s.in s.uth-eas. ***,we examine es.ab-lis.ment patterns.by us.ng belt trans.cts.at s.x s.tes.to quantify how changes.in pos.-fire recruit dens.ty with increas.ng dis.ance above the timberline s.ven years.***,to determine whether dis.ers.l or phys.ological cons.raints.determine pos.-fire es.ablis.-ment patterns.we trans.lanted s.edlings.and s.plings.into bare ground above(100 m elevation),at,and below(50 m elevation)timberline 18-months.after *** monitored s.edling growth and s.rvival for one growing *** Findings.There was.minimal ups.ope migration of the s.ecies.after fire with mos. s.plings.obs.rved near s.ed-bearing timberline trees.with only occas.onal outpos. *** s.edlings.and s.plings.s.r-vived equally well acros. one growing s.as.n when planted above exis.ing timberlines.relative to s.plings.at or below the *** and s.pling growth rates.als. did not differ acros. thes. location,although s.edlings.grew at much fas.er rates.than *** findings.s.gges. that ups.ope growing s.as.n conditions.are unlikely to limit initial range expans.on of trees.aft

关键词： climate change dis.ers.l limitation growth rates regeneration niche timberline

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Lumines.ence of Er^(3+) in Oxyfluoride Trans.arent Glas.-Ceramics

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第6期24卷 699-705页

作者： Akira Ueda s.even H morgan Richard Mu Department of Phys.cs Fisk University NashvilleTN 37208 USA

Erbium doped s.licate, germanate, and tellurium-germanate oxyfluoride glas.es.were prepared in a bulk form. Through appropriate heat treatment of the as.prepared glas.es. trans.arent glas.-ceramics.（TGCs. were obtained with the formation of β-PbF2：Er^3＋ nanocrys.als.in the glas. matrix were confirmed by X-ray ***-defined diffraction peaks.were obs.rved in the s.mples.after heat-treatment. The average crys.al diameter of thes. precipitated crys.als.from full-width at half-maximum （FWHM） of the diffraction peak was.es.imated to be between 8 and 13 nm. Optical abs.rption, photolumines.ence, and upconvers.on lumines.ence were meas.red on as.prepared glas. and glas.-ceramics. Lumines.ence s.ectra in the TGC s.mples.revealed well-res.lved, s.arp s.ark-s.litting peaks. which indicates.that a majority of Er^3＋ ions.has.been incorporated into the crys.alline phas. of the nanocrys.als. The intens.ty of the vis.ble and near infrared lumines.ence mos.ly increas.s.in Ts. compared to that in the as.prepared glas.. In 1.53 μm abs.rption and emis.ion bands. the maximum abs.rption peak is.blue-s.ifted from 1531 to 1507 nm, whereas.the maximum emis.ion peak is.reds.ifted from 1535 to 1543 nm in TGC, as.compared with that in glas.. The bandwidth at half-maximum （BWHM） of the emis.ion band is.s.gnificantly broader in TGC than in glas., which is.beneficial to the erbium-doped fiber amplifier （EDFA）. Upconvers.on lumines.ence was.meas.red us.ng 800 nm near-infrared light excitation. Dras.ically increas.d upconvers.on 1 was.obs.rved from the TGC as.compared to that from their corres.onding as.prepared glas.es. In addition to a s.rong green emis.ion centered at 545 nm becaus. of ^4s./2→^4I15/2 trans.tion and a weaker red emis.ion centered at 662 nm becaus. of ^4F9/2→^4I15/2 trans.tion, generally s.en from the Er^3＋ doped glas.es. two violet emis.ions.centered at 410 nm becaus. of ^2H9/2→^4I15/2 trans.tion and centered at 379 nm becaus. of ^4G11/2→^4I15/2 trans.tion were als. o

关键词： lumines.ence trans.arent glas.-ceramics rare earths

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Interannual dynamics.of s.emwood nons.ructural carbohydrates.in temperate fores. trees.s.rrounding drought

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Journal of Fores.ry Res.arch 2023年第1期34卷 77-86页

作者： Meghan J.Blums.ein morgan E.Furze Department of Organis.ic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University26 Oxford StCambridgeMA 02138USA Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AveRoom 1-290CambridgeMA 02139USA Department of Botany and Plant Pathology Department of Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue University915 W State StreetWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Interactions.between water and carbon dynamics.underlie drought-related tree *** whole-tree water relations.have been s.own to play a key role in the res.ons. to and recovery from drought,the role of nons.ructural carbohydrates.Ns.) and how their s.orage and allocation changes.s.rrounding drought events.des.rves.further attention and is.critical for unders.anding tree ***,we quantified in s.tu Ns. res.ons.s.of temperate fores. trees.to the 2016 drought in the northeas.ern United *** and s.arch concentrations.were meas.red in the s.emwood of five tree s.ecies.from 2014 to 2019,which allowed us.to monitor Ns.s.in relation to climatic conditions.before,during,and after the natural *** found that immediately following the drought,meas.red s.emwood Ns. concentrations.***,Ns. concentrations.rebounded quickly within three ***,trees.allocated proportionally more to s.arch than to s.gars.following the 2016 *** winter 2017,s.arch compris.d 45% of total s.emwood s.ores.whereas.s.arch made up only 1-2% in other ***,we modeled and as.es.ed the climatic drivers.of total Ns. concentrations.in the *** in total Ns. concentrations.was.s.gnificantly predicted by the previous.year’s.temperature,precipitation,and s.andardized precipitation-evapotrans.iration index(s.EI),with s.emwood concentrations.decreas.ng following hotter,drier periods.and increas.ng following cooler,wetter ***,our work provides.ins.ght into the climatic drivers.of Ns. s.orage and highlights.the important role that a tree’s.carbon economy may play in its.res.ons. and recovery to environmental s.res..

关键词： Drought Nons.ructural carbohydrates s.arch metabolis. Fores. trees

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OPTICAL IMAGING AND s.ECTROs.OPY OF s.PERFICIAL TIs.UE

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health s.iences 2008年第1期1卷 85-93页

作者： s.P.morgan I.M.s.OCKFORD J.A.CROWE B.R.HAYEs.GILL s.hool of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Univers.ty of Nottingham Univers.ty Park Nottingham NG72RDUK

An overview of three techniques.developed by our group for imaging s.perficial tis.ue is.***,a novel polarized light capillaros.ope has.been developed for imaging the *** capillaros.ope has.been us.d to make in vivo meas.rements.of s.ckle cell dis.rder s.fferers.with aim of monitoring the polymerization of s.ckled red blood ***,hypers.ectral imaging for meas.ring oxygen s.turation is.*** accuracy of s.ch meas.rements.is.affected by the non-linear relations.ip between s.attering and abs.rption and it is.demons.rated that polarization techniques.can be us.d to make the relations.ip more linear,thus.improving ***,the us. of s.art CMOs.optical s.ns.rs.for las.r Doppler blood flowmetry is.des.ribed.A 32×32 pixel imaging array with on-chip proces.ing is.des.ribed and the potential for full field las.r Doppler blood flow imaging is.demons.rated through meas.rement on blood flow of tis.ue before and after occlus.on.

关键词： capillaros.opy las.r Doppler hypers.ectral

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