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Plant-herbivore assemblages under natural conditions are driven by plant size,not chemical defenses

Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第6期10卷 1012-1021页

作者： Eva Castells Maria Morante Sandra Saura-Mas Anabel Blasco-moreno Departament de Farmacologia Terapèutica i ToxicologiaUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del Vallès 08193Spain CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193Spain Department de Biologia Animal Vegetal i EcologiaUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del Vallès 08193Spain Servei d’Estadística Aplicada Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del Vallès 08193Spain

Aims Plant secondary metabolites have been traditionally recognized as key traits regulating plant-herbivore ***,the ecological relevance of secondary metabolites as resistance mecha-nisms in comparison to other plant attributes,including physical,morphological or ecological traits,has been recently *** aim to evaluate the role of chemical defenses,plant size and the presence of insect competitors on driving the differences in her-bivory damage under natural *** We performed a replicated field study on the herbivore commu-nity associated with four Senecio species(***,***,*** and ***)during a full-reproductive season in Montseny Natural Park(catalonia,NE Spain).Pyrrolizidine alka-loids(PAs),the most characteristic chemical defenses of Senecio due to their toxic effects on herbivores,were analyzed by gas *** plant size was estimated by the number of flower heads produced over the entire reproductive *** used linear mixed models to explore the relationships between total PA concentrations,plant size and herbivory *** Findings PA concentrations were not related to the natural guild of herbivores within any plant species or insect ***,no significant interactions were found between insect species sharing the same host *** contrast,herbivore abundance was positively related to plant size in ***,*** and *** found no evidence that PAs confer an increased plant resistance against herbivores in *** study supports the hypothesis that plant chemical defenses have a secondary role in determining plant-her-bivore assemblages in comparison to other plant traits under the complexity of natural conditions.

关键词： Senecio herbivory chemical defenses pyrrolizidine alkaloids plant traits

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Effect of ketotifen fumarate on experimental autoimmune orchitis and torsion of the spermatic cord

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第1期22卷 112-117页

作者： Diego moreno Cristian M Sobarzo Livia Lustig Marcelo G Rodriguez Pena Vanesa Anabella Guazzone National Scientific and Technical Research Council-University of Buenos Aires Institute of Biomedical Research(INBIOMEDUBA-CONICET)Buenos Aires C 1121ABGArgentina Central Militar Hospital"Cirujano Mayor Dr.Cosme Argerich" Buenos Aires C 1426BORArgentina University of Buenos Aires School of MedicineDepartment of Cellular Biology and Histology/Academic Unit IIBuenos Aires C 1121ABGArgentina Militar Hospital"Campo de Mayo" Buenos Aires 1659Argentina

The aim of this work was to study effects of ketotifen fumarate(KF)on prevention of tissue damage in testes of rats with experimental autoimmune orchitis(EAO)and on the contralateral testis in a model of prolonged testicular cord torsion(TCT).Rats with EAO or TCT were injected intraperitoneally once daily with KF or saline solution(vehicle group).Incidence and severity of testicular damage were evaluated by histopathology using an EAO score or a Johnsen *** cells(MC)were identified by histochemistry and *** EAO model,KF significantly reduced severity of histopathological testicular damage compared to rats in the vehicle *** also reduced the number of testicular MC compared to vehicle ***,in TCT model,multifocal damage of the contralateral testis was observed 30 days after testicular torsion characterized by sloughing of the germinal epithelium,seminiferous tubule atrophy,and interstitial *** signs of inflammation and fibrosis of seminiferous tubular walls were also *** contrast,sections of contralateral testis of rats injected with KF and killed 30 days after surgery showed normal histological features.A significant decrease in the number of MC was observed in rats treated with KF compared to untreated *** conclusion,we demonstrated that treatment with KF reduced testicular inflammatory process and MC infiltrates in both EAO and TCT *** results suggest a promising treatment for infertile male patients with testicular pathologies associated with inflammation and germ cell loss.

关键词： ketotifen fumarate male infertility mast cells orchitis testicular cord torsion testis

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Hepatitis C virus genetic variability and evolution

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第6期7卷 831-845页

作者： Natalia Echeverría Gonzalo Moratorio Juan Cristina Pilar moreno Laboratorio de Virología Molecular Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de la República Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Laboratory Institut Pasteur 75724 Paris CEDEX 15 France Recombinant Proteins Unit Institut Pasteur de Montevideo11400 Montevideo Uruguay

Hepatitis C virus(HCV) has infected over 170 million people worldwide and creates a huge disease burden due to chronic, progressive liver disease. HCV is a singlestranded, positive sense, RNA virus, member of the Flaviviridae family. The high error rate of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the pressure exerted by the host immune system, has driven the evolution of HCV into 7 different genotypes and more than 67 subtypes. HCV evolves by means of different mechanisms of genetic variation. On the one hand, its high mutation rates generate the production of a large number of different but closely related viral variants during infection, usually referred to as a quasispecies. The great quasispecies variability of HCV has also therapeutic implications since the continuous generation and selection of resistant or fitter variants within the quasispecies spectrum might allow viruses to escape control by antiviral drugs. On the other hand HCV exploits recombination to ensure its survival. This enormous viral diversity together with some host factors has made it difficult to control viral dispersal. Current treatment options involve pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin as dual therapy or in combination with a direct-acting antiviral drug, depending on the country. Despite all the efforts put into antiviral therapy studies, eradication of the virus or the development of a preventive vaccine has been unsuccessful so far. This review focuses on current available data reported to date on the genetic mechanisms driving the molecular evolution of HCV populations and its relation with the antiviral therapies designed to control HCV infection.

关键词： Recombination Quasispecies Hepatitis Cvirus RNA Evolution Antiviral therapy

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Morphological determinants of jumping performance in the Iberian green frog

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Current Zoology 2020年第4期66卷 417-424页

作者： Gregorio moreno-Rueda Abelardo Requeinia-Blaimco Francisco J.Zamora-Camacho Mar Comas Guillem Pascual Departamento de Zoologia Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de GranadaGranadaE-18071Spain Department of Biological Sciences Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNH03055USA Galanthus/Ctra.de Juia 46.17460 CelraSpain

Predation is one of the main selective forces in nature, frequently selecting potential prey for developing escape strategies. Escape ability is typically influenced by several morphological parameters, such as morphology of the locomotor appendices, muscular capacity, body mass, or fluctuating asymmetry, and may differ between sexes and age classes. In this study, we tested the relationship among these variables and jumping performance in 712 Iberian green frogs Pelophylax perezi from an urban population. The results suggest that the main determinant of jumping capacity was body size (explaining 48% of variance). Larger frogs jumped farther, but jumping performance reached an asymptote for the largest frogs. Once controlled by structural body size, the heaviest frogs jumped shorter distances, suggesting a trade-off between fat storage and jumping performance. Relative hind limb length also determined a small but significant percentage of variance (2.4%) in jumping performance-that is, the longer the hind limbs, the greater the jumping capacity. Juveniles had relatively shorter and less muscular hind limbs than adults (for a given body size), and their jumping performance was poorer. In our study population, the hind limbs of the frogs were very symmetrical, and we found no effect of fluctuating asymmetry on jumping performance. Therefore, our study provides evidence that jumping performance in frogs is not only affected by body size, but also by body mass and hind limb length, and differ between age classes.

关键词： body mass fluctuating asymmetry hind limb length hind limb width locomotor performance morphometry

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Alcoholism and liver disease in Mexico:Genetic and environmental factors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第44期19卷 7972-7982页

作者： Sonia Roman Eloy Alfonso Zepeda-Carrillo Laura Eugenia moreno-Luna Arturo Panduro Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde" and Health Sciences Center University of GuadalajaraGuadalajara Jalisco 44280 Mexico Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit and Hospital Civil Tepic "Antonio González Guevara" Tepic Nayarit 63000 Mexico

Alcoholism and cirrhosis,which are two of the most serious health problems worldwide,have a broad spectrum of clinical *** diseases are influenced by genetic susceptibility and cultural traits that differ globally but are specific for each *** contrast to other regions around the world,Mexicans present the highest drinking score and a high mortality rate for alcoholic liver disease with an intermediate category level of per capita alcohol *** has a unique history of alcohol consumption that is linked to profound anthropological and social *** Mexican population has an admixture genome inherited from different races,Caucasian,Amerindian and African,with a heterogeneous distribution within the ***,genes related to alcohol addiction,such as dopamine receptor D2 in the brain,or liver alcoholmetabolizing enzymes,such as alcohol dehydrogenase classⅠpolypeptide B,cytochrome P450 2E1 and aldehyde dehydrogenase class 2,may vary from one individual to ***,they may be inherited as risk or non-risk haplogroups that confer susceptibility or resistance either to alcohol addiction or abusive alcohol consumption and possibly liver ***,in this era of genomics,personalized medicine will benefit patients if it is directed according to individual or population-based *** association studies will be required to establish novel strategies for the prevention,care and treatment of liver disease in Mexico and worldwide.

关键词： Alcohol Genes Alcoholism Alcohol dependence Alcohol addiction Alcohol abuse Alcoholic liver cirrhosis Anthropology

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Prey availability, prey selection, and trophic niche width in the lizard Psammodromus algirus along an elevational gradient

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Current Zoology 2018年第5期64卷 603-613页

作者： Gregorio moreno-RUEDA Elena MELERO Senda REGUERA Francisco J, ZAMORA-CAMACHO Ines ALVAREZ-BENITO Departamento de Zoologla Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada Granada E-18071 Spain Departamento de Biogeografia y Carnbio Global Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC C/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2 E-28006 Madrid Spain

Mountains imply enormous environmental variation, with alpine habitats entailing harsh environ- ments, especially for ectotherms such as lizards. This environmental variability also may imply variation in prey availability. However, little is known about how lizard trophic ecology varies with elevation. In this study, we analyze diet, prey availability, prey selection, and trophic niche width in the lacertid lizard Psammodromus algirus along a 2,200-m elevational gradient in the Sierra Nevada （SE Spain）. The analysis of fecal samples has shown that Orthoptera, Formicidae, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, and Araneae are the main prey, although, according to their abundance in pitfall traps, Formicidae and Coleoptera are rejected by the lizard whereas Orthoptera, Hemiptera, and Araneae are preferred. Prey abundance and diversity increase with elevation and diet subtly varies along with the elevational gradient. The consumption of Coleoptera increases with elevation probably as a consequence of the lizard foraging more in open areas while basking. The electivity for Araneae increases with elevation. Araneae are rejected in the lowlands--where they are rela- tively abundant--whereas, at high elevation, this lizard positively selects them, despite they being less abundant. The lizard trophic niche width expands with elevation due to concomitant greater prey diversity and hence this lizard feeds on more prey types in highlands. Although no sex difference in diet has been found, the trophic niche is broader in females than males. As a whole, alpine lizards show a trophic niche simitar to that found at lower elevat（ons, suggesting that P. algirus is well adapted to the harsh environment found in alpine areas.

关键词： alpine habitats arthropods mountain ecology niche variation hypothesis trophic ecology

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How does chronic dry eye shape peripheral and central nociceptive systems?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第2期16卷 306-307页

作者： Adrian Guerrero-moreno Darine Fakih Stéphane Melik Parsadaniantz Annabelle Réaux-Le Goazigo Sorbonne Université INSERMCNRSInstitut de la VisionParisFrance

Dry eye disease(DED)is a multifactorial disease characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film and accompanied by ocular symptoms,in which tear film instability and hyperosmolarity,ocular surface inflammation... 详细信息

关键词： homeostasis al. ocular

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Liver involvement in the drug reaction,eosinophilia,and systemic symptoms syndrome

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第6期7卷 705-716页

作者： Sylvia A Martinez-Cabriales Neil H Shear Emmanuel I Gonzalez-moreno Department of Medicine Division of DermatologySunnybrook Health Sciences CentreUniversity of Toronto Internal Medicine Department Dermatology DivisionHospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González"Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of Calgary Internal Medicine Department Gastroenterology DivisionHospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González"Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

First described in 1996,the drug reaction,eosinophilia,and systemic symptoms syndrome(DReSS) is considered,along with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis,a severe cutaneous drug reaction. It is characterized by the presence of a maculopapular erythematous skin eruption,fever,lymphadenopathy,influenza-like symptoms,eosinophilia,and visceral involvement such as hepatitis,pneumonitis,myocarditis,pericarditis,nephritis,and colitis. The prognosis of patients with DReSS is related to the severity of visceral involvement. The mortality ranges from approximately 5% to 10%,and death is mainly due to liver failure,which is also the organ most commonly involved in this syndrome. Although it was previously hypothesized in 1994,DReSS syndrome can lead to reactivation of one or more human herpesvirus family members. Now being included as diagnostic criteria in a proposed diagnostic score system,this reactivation can be detected up to 2-3 wk after DReSS syndrome onset. Other causes of mortality in DReSS syndrome include myocardial or pulmonary lesions and hemophagocytosis. We reviewed the literature of previously reported case-series of DReSS and liver involvement,highlighting the pattern of liver damage,the treatment used,and the outcome.

关键词： Drug reaction,eosinophilia,and systemic symptoms syndrome Severe cutaneous drug reactions Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome Drug-induced liver injury Acute liver failure

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离子交换树脂固载金属纳米粒子:可持续化学的有效、多功能催化剂平台（英文）

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催化学报 2015年第8期36卷 1157-1169页

作者： Francesca Liguori Carmen moreno-Marrodan Pierluigi Barbaro Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organo Metallici-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICCOM-CNR) Firenze Italy

This paper reviews the recent achievements in the immobilization of metal nanoparticles on ion-exchange resins and the related catalytic application. The focus is on the production processes for fine and commodity chemicals for which a low environmental impact has been demonstrated. The most significant papers that appeared in the literature from January 2010 to July 2014 have been covered. Their uses in unselective processes, bulk chemicals production, fuel cells components, as well as the use of metal-free ion-exchange resins in acid / base-catalysed reactions, were not included.

关键词：离子交换树脂金属纳米粒子固定化化学催化剂多功能化学品生产平台金属纳米颗粒

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Low-cost disordered carbons for Li/S batteries： A high- performance carbon with dual porosity derived from cherry pits

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Nano Research 2018年第1期11卷 89-100页

作者： Celia Hernandez-Rentero Rafael Cordoba Noelia moreno Alvaro Caballero Julian Morales Mara Olivares-Marin Vicente Gomez-Serrano Dpto. Ouimica Inorgdnica e Ingenierfa Quimica Instituto de Quimica Fina y Nanoqufmica Universidad de C6rdoba 14071 C6rdoba Spain Dpto. Quimica Inorg6nica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Extremadura 06006 Badajoz Spain

A micro- and mesoporous carbon obtained from cherry pit waste and activated with HBPO4 acid has been studied as the sulfur host for Li/S batteries. The carbon has a high specific surface area of 1,662 m2·g-1 （SBET） and micropore and mesopore volumes of 0.57 and 0.40 cm3·g-1, respectively. The S/C composite, with a sulfur content of 57% deposited by the disproportionate reaction of a SaO2- solution in an acid medium without an additional heating step above the S melting point, delivers an initial specific capacity of 1,148 mah·g-1 at a current of C/16. It also has a high capacity retention of 915 mAh·g-1 after 100 cycles and a Coulombic efficiency close to 100%. The good performance of the composite was also observed under higher current rates and long-term cycling tests. The capacities delivered by the cell after 200 cycles were 707 and 410 mAh·g-1 at C/2 and 1C （1C = 1,675 mA·g-1）, respectively, maintaining the high Coulombic efficiency. The overall electrochemical response of this carbon as the sulfur matrix is among the best reported so far among the other biomass-derived carbons, probably because of the micro- and mesopore system formed upon activation.

关键词： activated carbon agricultural waste cherry stone sulfur composite lithium-sulfur batteries

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