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National Inventory of Mercury Release into Different Environmental Sectors Estimated by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Toolkit in Costa Rica

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2017年第2期6卷 76-92页

作者： Aguilar Maria mora jose Sibaja jose Valdés Juan Zabala Walter Chemistry Atmospheric Laboratory Department of Chemistry National University of Costa Rica Heredia Costa Rica National Institute of Environmental and Energy (MINAET) San José Costa Rica

This paper summarizes the national inventory of mercury released into all environmental sectors (air, water, land, impurity in products, general wastes and sector specific treatment/disposal) for the year 2008 in the country of Costa Rica, using the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) mercury toolkit. The data collection about the input and output of mercury for the year 2008, was carried out during the years 2014 and 2015. The data used for estimation are mainly obtained from the Costa Rican Government’s official publications. The research was developed in order to create a national inventory of mercury releases into all environmental sectors in order to aid mercury management in Costa Rica. Total input and output of mercury, distribution into different environmental sectors, major contributions by mercury sources (“steps” “categories” and “subcategories”) are discussed. The standard estimation of total mercury input is 7174.00 kg/year. The biggest mercury input are “waste treatment and recycling” (3086.00 kg Hg, 43.17%) and “general consumption of mercury in products, as metal mercury and as mercury containing substances” (3189.00 kg Hg, 44.62%). The total mercury released is 31,689.29 kg/year. The biggest emission of mercury corresponds to the source “waste treatment and recycling” (28,359.29 kg/year, 89.49%). The “air” is the main impacted environmental sector due the different mercury inputs. A total of 28,155.60 kg/year (88.55%) is released in this media. Only 1635.10 kg/year (5.16%) of the total mercury emissions is deposited in the environmental sector named “general waste”. The rest of the environmental sectors evaluated are impacted with less of 3.00% of the total mercury released.

关键词： Costa Rica Mercury Enviromental Sectors Air Wastes Input Output UNEP Toolkit

Waste Minimization Practices at the National University of Costa Rica

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2014年第2期3卷 106-116页

作者： mora jose Esquivel Germain Rodriguez Javier Salas Carolina Department of Chemistry National University of Costa Rica Heredia 863000 Costa Rica Department of Economy National University of Costa Rica Heredia 863000 Costa Riea Research Institute National University of Costa Rica Heredia 863000 Costa Rica

In order to determine the quantity of laboratories doing waste minimization practice related with the USEPA （United State Environmental Protection Agency） pollution hierarchy, an initial diagnostic about waste management at laboratories was conducted. The data gathered were used to start a training to laboratory personnel training about EPA-PH （Environmental Protection Agency-Pollution Hierarchy）. After training new diagnostics were performed. The applications of waste minimization practices in the laboratories were analyzed before and after the training. The most poorly practices performed year by year during the study period were ＂substitute nonhazardous materials＂, ＂chemical treatment＂ and ＂distillation＂. ＂Redistribute surplus chemical＂ was performed in 22 labs, 30 labs and 48 labs during years 2010, 2011 and 2013 respectively as the most common practice. This study showed that training about pollution prevention hierarchy increased the number of laboratories doing waste minimization practices, prioritizing reduction and prevention from the source.

关键词： Chemical waste management waste reduction and prevention laboratories.

Blood Flow-Restricted Training in Older Adults:A Narrative Review

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第1期2卷 25-37页

作者： Abel Plaza-Florido Jairo H.Migueles Antonio Piepoli Pablo Molina-Garcia Maria Rodriguez-Ayllon Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez jose mora-Gonzalez Irene Esteban-Cornejo Francisco B.Ortega PROFITH"PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity"Research Group Sport and Health University Research Institute(iMUDS)Department of Physical and Sports EducationFaculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of GranadaCarretera de Alfacars/nCP 18071 GranadaSpain Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of JaénResearch Group CTS-026:Study Group on Physical ActivityPhysiotherapy and HealthJaénSpain Department of Rehabilitation Sciences KU Leuven-University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Department of Psychology Center for Cognitive and Brain HealthNortheastern UniversityBostonMAUSA

Background Low-intensity resistance training(LI-RT)combined with blood flow restriction(BFR)is an alternative to traditional moderate-high-intensity resistance training to increase strength and muscle ***,the evidence about the efficacy of this novel training method to increase strength and muscle mass in healthy and older adults with patholo-gies is ***,the possible risk and adverse effects with BFR training methodology in older adults should be ***(1)To summarize the current evidence on training with BFR strategies in older adults aiming to improve strength and to increase muscle mass;and(2)to provide recommendations for resistance and aerobic training with BFR in older adults based on the studies *** Studies that investigated the chronic responses to resistance training or aerobic training with BFR related to strength and muscle mass changes in older adults were *** independent researchers conducted the search in PubMed,Web of Science,and Google Scholar databases from their inception up to November 1,*** Seventeen out of 35 studies,which performed resistance or aerobic training with BFR in older adults focused on strength and muscle mass outcomes,were included in this *** performing resistance and aerobic train-ing with BFR found better improvements in strength and higher increase in muscle mass compared to non-BFR groups that performed the same training ***-intensity resistance training(HI-RT)without BFR provided greater improvements in strength and a similar increase in muscle mass compared to light-intensity resistance training(LI-RT)with *** Current evidence suggests that LI-RT and/or aerobic training with BFR improves strength and increases muscle mass in older ***-intensity training without BFR would normally not obtain such ***,LI-RT and aerobic training with BFR is an alternative to traditional methods to improve strength an

关键词： Hyertroply Strength Vascular oclusion Reistance raining Elderly aduts

Molecular Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance in the Costa Rican Pseudomonas aeruginosa AG1 by a Multi-omics Approach:A Review of 10 Years of Study

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Phenomics 2021年第3期1卷 129-142页

作者： jose Arturo Molina-mora Fernando García Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales(CIET)&Facultad de Microbiología Universidad de Costa RicaSan JoséCosta Rica

Pseudomonas aeruginosa AG1(PaeAG1)is a Costa Rican strain that was isolated in 2010 in a major *** strain has resistance to multiple antibiotics such asβ-lactams(including carbapenems),aminoglycosides,and ***1 is considered critical(Priority 1)due to its resistance to carbapenems,and it was the first report of a *** isolate carrying both VIM-2 and IMP-18 genes encoding for metallo-β-lactamases(MBL)enzymes(both with carbapenemase activity).Owing to these traits,we have studied this model for 10 years using diverse approaches including *** this review,we summarize the main points of the different steps that we have studied in PaeAG1:preliminary analyses of this strain at the genomic and phenomic levels revealed that this microorganism has particular features of antibiotic *** the multi-omics approach,the genome assembly was the initial step to identify the genomic determinants of this strain,includ-ing virulence factors,antibiotic resistance genes,as well as a complex accessory ***,a comparative genomic approach was implemented to define and update the phylogenetic relationship among complete *** genomes,the genomic island content in other strains,and the architecture of the two MBL-carrying ***,the proteomic profile of PaeAG1 was studied after exposure to antibiotics using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2D-GE).Fourth,to study the central response to multiple perturbations in ***,i.e.,the core perturbome,a machine learning approach was *** analysis revealed biological functions and determinants that are shared by different ***,to evaluate the effects of ciprofloxacin(CIP)on PaeAG1,a growth curve comparison,differential expression analysis(RNA-Seq),and network analysis were *** the results of the core perturbome(pathways that also were found in this perturbation with CIP),it was possible to identify the“exclusive”response and determina

关键词： Pseudomonas aeruginosa PaeAG1 Antibiotic resistance Multi-omics High risk

In Silico Pipeline to Identify Tumor‑Specific Antigens for Cancer Immunotherapy Using Exome Sequencing Data

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Phenomics 2023年第2期3卷 130-137页

作者： Diego morazán‑Fernández Javier mora jose Arturo Molina‑mora Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social San José10104Costa Rica Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales Centro de Investigación en Cirugía y Cáncerand Facultad de MicrobiologíaUniversidad de Costa RicaSan José2060Costa Rica

Tumor-specific antigens or neoantigens are peptides that are expressed only in cancer cells and not in healthy *** of these molecules can induce an immune response,and therefore,their use in immunotherapeutic strategies based on cancer vaccines has been extensively *** based on these approaches have been triggered by the current high-throughput DNA sequencing ***,there is no universal nor straightforward bioinformatic protocol to discover neoan-tigens using DNA sequencing ***,we propose a bioinformatic protocol to detect tumor-specific antigens associated with single nucleotide variants(SNVs)or“mutations”in tumoral *** this purpose,we used publicly available data to build our model,including exome sequencing data from colorectal cancer and healthy cells obtained from a single case,as well as frequent human leukocyte antigen(HLA)class I alleles in a specific *** data from Costa Rican Central Valley population was selected as an *** strategy included three main steps:(1)pre-processing of sequencing data;(2)variant calling analysis to detect tumor-specific SNVs in comparison with healthy tissue;and(3)prediction and characterization of peptides(protein fragments,the tumor-specific antigens)derived from the variants,in the context of their affinity with frequent alleles of the selected *** our model data,we found 28 non-silent SNVs,present in 17 genes in chromosome *** protocol yielded 23 strong binders peptides derived from the SNVs for frequent HLA class I alleles for the Costa Rican *** the analyses were performed as an example to implement the pipeline,to our knowledge,this is the first study of an in silico cancer vaccine using DNA sequencing data in the context of the HLA *** is concluded that the standardized protocol was not only able to identify neoantigens in a specific but also provides a complete pipeline for the eventual design of cancer vaccines using

关键词： Neopeptide Colorectal cancer Cancer vaccine Neoantigens Human leukocyte antigen Costa Rica

Determination of altitudes of the three main Ecuadorian summits through GNSS positioning

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第4期13卷 343-351页

作者： Maria jose Merizalde mora Cesar Alberto Leiva Gonzalez Dennys Alexander Enriquez Hidalgo Theofilos Toulkeridis Universidad de Las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE SangolquiEcuador Instituto Geografico Militar IGM QuitoEcuador Universidad de Especialidades Turisticas UDET QuitoEcuador

Determining the altitude of mountains is one of the most fundamental challenges for ***,the main objective of the study is to determine the altitudes of the three main summits in Ecuador through GNSS positioning,referring to the official vertical datum of Ecuador and the geo-potential surface(W_(o)).The three peaks are active volcanoes named Chimborazo,Cotopaxi and Cayambe,all of which are known to be over 5700 m above sea *** GNSS was performed on the summit of the volcanoes,and the GPS leveling method was applied on nearby *** these summits,the correction of the potential difference between the mean sea level and W_(o) was *** altitudes referred to the mean sea level were compared with other registered heights,and the results are more accurate than previous geodetic missions.

关键词： Altitude Volcanoes GNSS GPS leveling Geopotential

Effect of Precipitation on the Hardness of Ternary Metallic Glass

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2017年第6期7卷 255-262页

作者： Xue Liang Jiuhua Chen Maria Teresa mora jose Fernandez Urdaneta Qiaoshi Zeng MME/CeMSEC Florida International University EC Miami FL USA Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research Changchun China

The present study reports effects of annealing treatment on the hardness of Ce75Al23Si2 rare earth-based metallic glasses (REMG). Then specimens were annealed at 100°C, 200°C, 250°C, 270°C, and 290°C five different temperatures for 30 minutes. After that, three different characteristic methods, including microindentation, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and scanning electrical microscope (SEM) were conducted on the as received REMG sample and five annealed samples. XRD data demonstrate that the crystallization occurs in the sample at the annealing temperature as low as 200°C. The microindentation measurement shows that hardness of the REMG sample does not change at all before crystallization occurs in the sample and increases with the annealing temperature in the range of 200°C to 290°C. The average crystal size in the annealed samples was estimated using Debye-Scherrer equation to be 28-42 nm, in consistent with the SEM observation, indicating that nano-crystalline domains may give rise to the enhancement of hardness.

关键词： Ternary Rare Earth-Based Metallic Glasses (REMGs) Microindentation Annealing Treatment Hardness

Clinical Profiles at the Time of Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Costa Rica During the Pre-vaccination Period Using a Machine Learning Approach

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Phenomics 2022年第5期2卷 312-322页

作者： jose Arturo Molina-mora Alejandra González Sergio Jiménez-Morgan Estela Cordero-Laurent Hebleen Brenes Claudio Soto-Garita Jorge Sequeira-Soto Francisco Duarte-Martínez Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales(CIET)and Facultad de Microbiología Universidad de Costa RicaSan José2060Costa Rica Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud(INCIENSA) Tres Ríos 30301Costa Rica Escuela de Medicina Universidad de Costa RicaSan José2060Costa Rica

The clinical manifestations of COVID-19,caused by the SARS-CoV-2,define a large spectrum of symptoms that are mainly dependent on the human host *** Costa Rica,more than 169,000 cases and 2185 deaths were reported during the year 2020,the pre-vaccination *** describe the clinical presentations at the time of diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Costa Rica during the pre-vaccination period,we implemented a symptom-based clustering using machine learning to identify clusters or clinical profiles at the population level among 18,974 records of positive *** were compared based on symptoms,risk factors,viral load,and genomic features of the SARS-CoV-2 sequence.A total of 18 symptoms at time of diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported with a frequency>1%,and those were used to identify seven clinical profiles with a specific composition of clinical *** the comparison between clusters,a lower viral load was found for the asymptomatic group,while the risk factors and the SARS-CoV-2 genomic features were distributed among all the *** other distribution patterns were found for age,sex,vital status,and *** conclusion,during the pre-vaccination time in Costa Rica,the symptoms at the time of diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection were described in clinical *** host co-morbidities and the SARS-CoV-2 genotypes are not specific of a particular profile,rather they are present in all the groups,including asymptomatic *** addition,this information can be used for decision-making by the local healthcare institutions(first point of contact with health professionals,case definition,or infrastructure).In further analyses,these results will be compared against the profiles of cases during the vaccination period.

关键词： COVID-19 Costa Rica Machine learning Diagnosis SARS-CoV-2 Clinical profiles

Nanobiodiversity and Biomimetic Adhesives Development: From Nature to Production and Application

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2019年第2期10卷 78-101页

作者： Angelo Espinoza-Ramirez Huberth Fuentes-Rodriguez Edson Hernandez-Herrera Anthony mora-Sandi jose Roberto Vega-Baudrit Chemistry Department National University of Costa Rica Heredia Costa Rica National Nanotechnology Laboratory LANOTEC-CeNAT-CONARE San José Costa Rica

Advances in science and technology, especially in bioprospecting and biomimetics, have provided solutions to everyday problems over time. Through bioengineering, research and the discovery of the mechanisms present in nature for the production and functionality of adhesives, different materials and substances capable of imitating the role of their analogs in nature have been developed, which generates positive consequences in the area of the medical, textile, wood industry, among others. In this review, we present some researches and discoveries that have been made, which focus on the way in which adhesives produced by organisms found in nature are made, such as: marine organisms, plants, land organisms, insects, among others. In addition, different types of adhesives that exist and how they can be produced synthetically to be oriented to several industrial applications are mentioned, too.

关键词： Bioprospecting Biomimetics Bioengineering Adhesives Industry