检索结果-南通市图书馆

Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第2期14卷 243-244页

作者： mark A Moyad Department of Urology University of Michigan Medical Center Ann Arbor MI 48109-0330 USA

The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial （SELECT） randomized over 35 000 men into four groups： high-dose vitamin E （400 IU day-1）, high-dose selenium （200 mcg day-1）, combination of vitamin E and sele... 详细信息

关键词： prostate cancer Heart healthy prostate healthy anti-oxidation

Preventing aggressive prostate cancer with proven ：ardiovascular disease preventive methods

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第6期17卷 874-877页

作者： mark A Moyad Department of Urology University of MichiganMedical Center 1500 East Medical Center DriveAnn Arbor MI 48109 USA

Cardiovascular disease （CVD） has been the number one cause of death in the U.S. for 114 of the last 115 years. Risk factors for prostate cancer have primarily mirrored risk proven risk factors for CVD, especially aggressive disease. Obesity, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, metabolic syndrome, unhealthy dietary habits or caloric excess, lack of physical activity, and inflammation are just some of these shared risk factors. The evidence also suggests proven CVD preventive measures are identical to prostate cancer preventive measures, especially in regard to aggressive disease. Thus, apart from lifestyle measures that can encourage optimal heart and prostate health there are potentially several dietary supplements that need to be avoided in healthy men because they may also increase the risk of prostate cancer. However, there are also several low-cost, generic, safe in the appropriate individuals, and naturally derived agents that could reduce prostate cancer risk, and these can be discussed and remembered utilizing the acronym S.A.M. （statins, aspirin, and/or metformin）.

关键词： Preventing aggressive methods

The ＇omics revolution and our understanding of sperm cell biology

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第1期13卷 6-10页

作者： mark A Baker School of Environmental and Life Sciences University of Newcastle Research Fellow Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Science University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia

The foundations of proteomics are to study gene products and their regulatory roles within cells. Paradoxically, the only evidence that sperm cells make new proteins is through mitochondrial protein synthesis. Yet despite this, spermatozoa are the perfect candidates for mass spectrometry and hence, proteomic analysis. These enterprising cells use a plethora of post-translational modifications in order to gain functionality following their production within the testis. By using a combination of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （2D-PAGE）, and more recently liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （LC-MS）/MS, recent advances in sperm cell biology, through the use of proteomics, is making unparalleled progress. The protein inventory lists being generated have shed light on transmembrane proteins, kinases and chaperones never previously recognized. In addition, the ability to isolate either phosphopeptides or glycopeptides and quantify the differences between cells of two different populations make proteomic analysis of spermatozoa a real chance to finally answer some age old questions.

关键词： capacitation DIGE epididymis LC-MS proteomics quantitation sperm maturation spermatozoa

Design Improvements and Validation of a Novel Fully 3D Printed Analogue Lumbar Spine Motion Segment

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第3期21卷 1388-1396页

作者： Siril Teja Dukkipati mark Driscoll Musculoskeletal Biomechanics Research Lab Department of Mechanical EngineeringMcGill University845 Sherbrooke St.W(163)MontréalQCH3A 0C3Canada Orthopaedic Research Lab Montreal General Hospital1650 Cedar Ave(LS1.409)MontréalQCH3G 1A4Canada

Spine biomechanical testing methods in the past few decades have not evolved beyond employing either cadaveric studies or finite element modeling ***,both these approaches may have inherent cost and time *** studies are the present gold standard for spinal implant design and regulatory approval,but they introduce significant variability in measurements across patients,often requiring large sample *** element modeling demands considerable expertise and can be computationally expensive when complex geometry and material nonlinearity are *** analogue spine models could complement these traditional methods as a low-cost and high-fidelity alternative.A fully 3D printable L-S1 analogue spine model with ligaments is developed and validated in this *** stiffness of the model under pure bending loading in flexion-extension,Lateral Bending(LB)and Axial Rotation(AR)is evaluated and compared against historical ex vivo and in silico ***,the effect of interspinous,intertransverse ligaments and the Thoracolumbar Fascia(TLF)on spinal stiffness is evaluated by systematic construction of the *** flexion,model Range of Motion(ROM)was 12.92±0.11°(ex vivo:16.58°,in silico:12.96°)at *** LB,average ROM was 13.67±0.12°at 7.5 Nm(ex vivo:15.21±1.89°,in silico:15.49±0.23°).Similarly,in AR,average ROM was 17.69±2.12°at 7.5Nm(ex vivo:14.12±0.31°,in silico:15.91±0.28°).The addition of interspinous and intertransverse ligaments increased both flexion and LB stiffnesses by approximately 5%.Addition of TLF showed increase in flexion and AR stiffnesses by 29%and 24%,*** novel model can reproduce physiological ROMs with high repeatability and could be a useful open-source tool in spine biomechanics.

关键词： Lumbar spine 3D printing Intervertebral disc Biomechanical testing Spine mechanics

Androgen synthesis inhibitors in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第3期16卷 387-400页

作者： mark N Stein Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey Department of Surgery Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew Brunswick New Jersey USA. Department of Medicine Department of Surgery Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew Brunswick New Jersey USA. Section of Urologic Oncology Department of Surgery Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew Brunswick New Jersey USA.

Suppression of gonadal testosterone synthesis represents the standard first line therapy for treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. However, in the majority of patients who develop castration-resistant prostate cancer （CRPC）, it is possible to detect persistent activation of the androgen receptor （AR） through androgens produced in the adrenal gland or within the tumor itself. Abiraterone acetate was developed as an irreversible inhibitor of the dual functional cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17 with activity as a 17（^-hydroxylase and 17,20-1yase. CYP17 is necessary for production of nongonadal androgens from cholesterol. Regulatory approval of abiraterone in 2011, based on a phase III trial showing a significant improvement in overall survival （OS） with abiraterone and prednisone versus prednisone, represented proof of principle that targeting AR is essential for improving outcomes in men with CRPC. Inhibition of 17α-hydroxylase by abiraterone results in accumulation of upstream mineralocorticoids due to loss of cortisol-mediated suppression of pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH）, providing a rationale for development of CYP17 inhibitors with increased specificity for 17,20-1yase （orteronel, galeterone and VT-464） that can potentially be administered without exogenous corticosteroids. In this article, we review the development of abiraterone and other CYP17 inhibitors; recent studies with abiraterone that inform our understanding of clinical parameters such as drug effects on quality-of-life, potential early predictors of response, and optimal sequencing of abiraterone with respect to other agents; and results of translational studies providing insights into resistance mechanisms to CYP17 inhibitors leading to clinical trials with drug combinations designed to prolong abiraterone benefit or restore abiraterone activity.

关键词： androgen synthesis castration-resistant prostate cancer treatment

Transplantation for the treatment of type 1 diabetes

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第47期13卷 6347-6355页

作者： R mark Meloche Department of Surgery University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada

Transplantation of pancreatic tissue, as either the intact whole pancreas or isolated pancreatic islets has become a clinical option to be considered in the treatment of patients with type 1 insulin-dependant diabetes mellitus. A successful whole pancreas or islet transplant offers the advantages of attaining normal or near normal blood glucose control and normal hemoglobin Alc levels without the risks of severe hypoglycemia associate with intensive insulin therapy. Both forms of transplants are also effective at eliminating the occurrence of significant hypoglycemic events （even with only partial islet function evident）. Whereas whole pancreas transplantation has also been shown to be very effective at maintaining a euglycemic state over a sustained period of time, thus providing an opportunity for a recipient to benefit from improvement of their blood glucose control, it is associated with a significant risk of surgical and post-operative complications. Islet transplantation is attractive as a less invasive alternative to whole pancreas transplant and offers the future promise of immunosuppression-free transplantation through pretransplant culture. Islet transplantation however, may not always achieve the sustained level of tight glucose control necessary for reducing the risk of secondary diabetic complications and exposes the patient to the adverse effects of immunosuppression. Although recent advances have led to an increased rate of obtaining insulin-independence following islet transplantation, further developments are needed to improve the longterm viability and function of the graft to maintain improved glucose control over time.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Insulin-dependant diabetes mellitus Pancreas transplantation Pancreatic islet transplantation Immunosuppression Glucose control

Assessing ecological and physiological costs of melanism in North American Papilio glaucus females: two decades of dark morph frequency declines

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Insect Science 2020年第3期27卷 583-612页

作者： J.mark Scriber Department of Entomology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity Florida Museum of Natural HistoryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Polymorphisms for melanic form of insects may provide various selective ***,melanic alleles may have significant/subtle pleiotrophic“costs.”Several potential pleiotrophic effects of the W(=Y)‐linked melanism gene in Papilio glaucus L.(Lepidoptera)showed no costs for melanic versus yellow in adult size,oviposition preferences,fecundity,egg viability,larval survival/growth rates,cold stress tolerance,or postdiapause emergence *** selection(males choosing yellow rather than mimetic dark females)had been suggested to provide a balanced polymorphism in ***,but spermatophore counts in wild females and direct field tethering studies of size‐matched pairs of virgin females(dark and yellow),show that male preferences are random or frequency‐dependent from Florida to Michigan,providing no yellow counter‐*** frequency declines of dark(melanic/mimetic)females in *** populations are shown in several major populations from Florida(27.3°N latitude)to Ohio(38.5°N).Summer temperatures have increased significantly at all these locations during this time(1999–2018),but whether dark morphs may be more vulnerable(in any stage)to such climate warming remains to be *** potential reasons for the frequency declines in mimetic females are discussed:(i)genetic introgression of Z‐linked melanism suppressor genes from ***(R&J)and the hybrid species,***(Pavulaan&Wright),(ii)differential developmental incompatibilities,or Haldane effects,known to occur in hybrids,(iii)selection against intermediately melanic(“dusty”)females(with the W‐linked melanic gene,b+)which higher temperatures can cause.

关键词： climate warming ecology of melanism incomplete mimicry pleiotrophic costs

Analysis of coal pillar stability(ACPS): A new generation of pillar design software

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第1期29卷 87-91页

作者： Christopher mark Zach Agioutantis Technical Support Mine Safety and Health Administration Department of Mining Engineering University of Kentucky

Thirty years ago, the analysis of longwall pillar stability(ALPS) inaugurated a new era in coal pillar *** was the first empirical pillar design technique to consider the abutment loads that arise from full extraction, and the first to be calibrated using an extensive database of longwall mining case *** was followed by the analysis of retreat mining stability(ARMPS) and the analysis of multiple seam stability(AMSS). These methods incorporated other innovations, including the coal mine roof rating(CMRR), the mark-Bieniawski pillar strength formula, and the pressure arch loading model. They also built upon ever larger case history databases and employed more sophisticated statistical ***, these empirical methods are used in nearly every underground coal mine in the US. However,the piecemeal manner in which these methods have evolved resulted in some weaknesses. For example,in certain situations, it may not be obvious which program is the best to use. Other times the results from the different programs are not entirely consistent with each other. The programs have also not been updated for several years, and some changes were necessary to keep pace with new developments in mining practice. The analysis of coal pillar stability(ACPS) now integrates all three of the older software packages into a single pillar design framework. ACPS also incorporates the latest research findings in the field of pillar design, including an expanded multiple seam case history data base and a new method to evaluate room and pillar panels containing multiple rows of pillars left in place during pillar *** also includes updated guidance and warnings for users and features upgraded help files and graphics.

关键词： Pillar design Ground control Stability Empirical methods

Coal bursts in the deep longwall mines of the United States

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2016年第1期3卷 1-9页

作者： Christopher mark U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration Pittsburgh PAUSA

Coal bursts involve the sudden, violent ejection of coal or rock into the mine workings. They are a particular hazard because they typically occur without warning. During the past 2 years three US coal miners were killed in two coal bursts, following a 6-year period during which there were zero burst fatalities. This paper puts the US experience in the context of worldwide research into coal bursts. It focuses on two major longwall mining coalfields which have struggled with bursts for decades. The Utah experience displays many of the ＂classic＂ burst characteristics, including deep cover, strong roof and floor rock, and a direct association between bursts and mining activity. In Colorado, the longwalls of the North Fork Valley （NFV） also work at great depth, but their roof and floor strengths are moderate, and most bursts have occurred during entry development or in headgates, bleeders, or other outby locations. The NFV bursts also are more likely to be associated with geologic structures and large magnitude seismic events. The paper provides a detailed case history to illustrate the experience in each of these coalfields. The paper closes with a brief discussion of how US longwalls have managed the burst risk.

关键词： Underground mining Coal Burst Longwall Strata control

Nevanlinna theory of meromorphic functions on annuli

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science China Mathematics 2010年第3期53卷 547-554页

作者： LUND mark Department of Mathematics College of DuPage

In this survey paper, we discuss the recent development of Nevanlinna theory of meromorphic functions on annuli, which extends results in Nevanlinna theory in the complex plane or in a disk. In particular, we show that the approach taken on annuli is a unified treatment of functions meromorphic in the complex plane, a disk and an annulus. It allows one to obtain many results in the complex plane and in a disk as corollaries of our results in annuli.

关键词： Nevanlinna theory meromorphic function annulus