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Berberine inhibits inflammatory activation of rat brain microglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2010年第18期5卷 1384-1390页

作者： Kyong Nyon Nam Jae-Hong Kim Hoon-Ji jung jung-Mi Park Sang-Kwan moon Young-Suk Kim sun Yeou Kim Eunjoo H. Lee Department of Medical Science Graduate School of East-West Medical ScienceKyung Hee University Department of Cardiovascular & Neurologic Diseases (Stroke Center) Hospital of Oriental MedicineKyung Hee University

Chronic activation of microglial cells endangers neuronal survival through the release of various proinflammatory and neurotoxic factors. Berberine, the effective ingredient of Coptidis Rhizoma and Cortex Phellodendti, has a wide range of pharmacological functions, including anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic and anti-cancer effects. The neuroprotective potential of berberine has previously been demonstrated. The present study aimed to examine whether berberine could repress microglial activation and can be considered a potential therapeutic candidate to target neurodegenerative diseases. Primary microglial cells and BV2 microglial cells were cultured and stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. Berberine chloride was treated prior to LPS or simultaneously with LPS stimulation. Results revealed that berberine was effective at inhibiting nitric oxide release from primary microglial cells when cells were exposed to the compound prior to LPS or simultaneously with LPS. It also reduced the LPS-stimulated production of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, prostaglandin E2, and intracellular reactive oxygen species and nuclear factor-kappa activation. Additionally, berberine reduced nitric oxide release from microglia stimulated with interferon-γ and amyloid β. These results suggest that berberine provides neuroprotection by reducing the production of various neurotoxic molecules from activated microglia.

关键词： brain inflammation berberine interleukin-1β microglia nuclear factor-kappa nitric oxide prostaglandin tumor necrosis factor-a

Clusterin: a multifaceted protein in the brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第7期16卷 1438-1439页

作者： Hee-jung moon Sarah K.Herring Liqin Zhao Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of PharmacyUniversity of KansasLawrenceKSUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA Current address:Citoxlab A Charles River Company StilwellKSUSA

Late-onset Alzheimer 's disease(LOAD), the most common cause of dementia, currently affects 5.6 million Americans ages 65 and *** is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss in synaptic function, notable bioenergetic decline, increased neuronal death and brain atrophy, and significant cognitive *** the etiology of LOAD remains unknown, a treatment for LOAD has not yet been formulated, a fact that is clearly demonstrated by the more than 200 failed clinical trials.

关键词： Clusterin Alzheimer atrophy

Enhancing Building Facade Image Segmentation via Object-Wise Processing and Cascade U-Net

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第11期81卷 2261-2279页

作者： Haemin jung Heesung Park Hae sun jung Kwangyon Lee Department of Industrial&Management Engineering Korea National University of TransportationChungju27469Republic of Korea Department of Industrial Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul03063Republic of Korea School of Electronic Engineering Soongsil UniversitySeoul06978Republic of Korea

The growing demand for energy-efficient solutions has led to increased interest in analyzing building facades,as buildings contribute significantly to energy consumption in urban ***,conventional image segmentation methods often struggle to capture fine details such as edges and contours,limiting their effectiveness in identifying areas prone to energy *** address this challenge,we propose a novel segmentation methodology that combines object-wise processing with a two-stage deep learning model,Cascade ***-wise processing isolates components of the facade,such as walls and windows,for independent analysis,while Cascade U-Net incorporates contour information to enhance segmentation *** methodology involves four steps:object isolation,which crops and adjusts the image based on bounding boxes;contour extraction,which derives contours;image segmentation,which modifies and reuses contours as guide data in Cascade U-Net to segment areas;and segmentation synthesis,which integrates the results obtained for each object to produce the final segmentation *** to a dataset of Korean building images,the proposed method significantly outperformed traditional models,demonstrating improved accuracy and the ability to preserve critical structural ***,we applied this approach to classify window thermal loss in real-world scenarios using infrared images,showing its potential to identify windows vulnerable to energy ***,our Cascade U-Net,which builds upon the relatively lightweight U-Net architecture,also exhibited strong performance,reinforcing the practical value of this *** approach offers a practical solution for enhancing energy efficiency in buildings by providing more precise segmentation results.

关键词： Building facade image image segmentation edge detection

Chemical surface tuning of zinc metal anode toward stable,dendrite-less aqueous zinc-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第11期86卷 1-8,I0001页

作者： Pranav Kulkarni sun-Sik Kim Hyun Young jung Department of Energy Engineering Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju-siGyeongnam 52725South Korea Department of Energy System Engineering Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju-siGyeongnam 52725South Korea

The commercialization of Zn batteries is confronted with urgent challenges in the metal anode,such as dendrite formation,capacity loss,and cracking or ***,surface interfacial engineering of the Zn anode is introduced for achieving safety and dendritic-free cycling for high-performance aqueous Zn batteries through a simple but highly effective chemical etching-substitution *** chemical modification induces a rough peak-valley surface with a thin fluorine-rich interfacial layer on the Zn anode surface,which regulates the growth orientation via guiding uniform Zn plating/stripping,significantly enhances accessibility to aqueous electrolytes and improves wettability by reducing surface *** a result,such a synergetic surface effect enables uniform Zn plating/stripping with low polarization of 29 m V at a current density of 0.5 m A cm^(-2) with stable cyclic performance up to 1000 ***,a full cell composed of a fluorine-substituted Zn anode coupled with aβ-MnO_(2)or Ba-V_(6)O_(13)cathode demonstrates improved capacity retention to 1000 cycles compared to the pristine-Zn *** proposed valley deposition model provides the practical direction of surface-modified interfacial chemistries for improving the electrochemical properties of multivalent metal anodes via surface tuning.

关键词： Dendrite free Peak-Valley surface Zinc-ion batteries Surface modification Fluorinated interface

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of (100-x)Li7P3S11-xLi2OHBr composite solid electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第8期29卷 307-316,I0011页

作者： Su-Yeon jung Rajesh Rajagopal Kwang-sun Ryu Department of Chemistry University of UlsanDoowang-dongNam-gu 44776UlsanSouth Korea

Li7P3S11solid electrolytes with high lithium-ion conductivity are promising candidates for use in all-solidstate lithium ***,this electrolyte’s poor interfacial compatibility with lithium electrodes causes unstable *** this study,in order to address this problem,(100-x)Li7P3S11-xLi2OHBr(x=0,2,5,10,20,30,40,and 50)electrolytes are prepared by a high energy ball-milling technique and heat-treatment *** resulting(100-x)Li7P3S11-xLi2OHBr(x=2,5,10,20,30,40,and 50)electrolytes provide improved electrochemical performance with good cycling stability and a wide electrochemical window of up to 10 V(***/Li+).Moreover,these electrolytes have high ionic conductivity of 10-4–10-5S/cm at room ***,the 90Li7P3S11-10Li2OHBr electrolyte displays the highest conductivity of 4.4×10-4S/cm at room temperature as well as improved ***,90Li7P3S11-10Li2OHBr shows decreased interfacial resistance between the solid electrolyte and cathode electrode,which was revealed by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy(EIS)*** initial discharge capacity of 90Li7P3S11-10Li2OHBr was found to be 135 m Ah/g when used in a In|solid electrolyte|Li(Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2)O2 all-solid-state lithium battery(ASSLB).Thus,we can conclude the addition of Li2OHBr into the Li7P3S11results in enhanced electrochemical properties.

关键词： All-solid-state lithium battery Solid electrolyte Solid sulfide electrolyte Li2OHBr Antiperovskite

Replica higher-order topology of Hofstadter butterflies in twisted bilayer graphene

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 783-791页

作者： sun-Woo Kim sunam Jeon moon Jip Park Youngkuk Kim Department of Physics KAISTDaejeonRepublic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems Institute for Basic Science(IBS)DaejeonRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

The Hofstadter energy spectrum of twisted bilayer graphene(TBG)is found to have recursive higher-order topological *** demonstrate that higher-order topological insulator(HOTI)phases,characterized by localized corner states,occur as replicas of the original HOTIs to fulfill the self-similarity of the Hofstadter *** show the existence of exact flux translational symmetry in TBG at all commensurate *** on this result,we identify that the original HOTI phase at zero flux is re-entrant at a half-flux periodicity,where the effective twofold rotation is *** addition,numerous replicas of the original HOTIs are found for fluxes without protecting *** the original HOTIs,replica HOTIs feature both localized corner states and edge-localized real-space topological *** replica HOTIs originate from the different interaction scales,namely,intralayer and interlayer couplings,in *** topological aspect of Hofstadter butterflies revealed in our results highlights symmetry-protected topology in quantum fractals.

关键词： properties spectrum topological

Comparison of macular changes according to the etiology of optic neuritis:a cross-sectional study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第4期17卷 686-692页

作者： Yeji moon sung-Min Kim Jae Ho jung Department of Ophthalmology Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul 05505Republic of Korea Department of Neurology Seoul National University HospitalSeoul 03080Republic of Korea Department of Ophthalmology Seoul National University HospitalSeoul 03080Republic of Korea Department of Ophthalmology Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Republic of Korea

AIM:To compare the macular structure including foveal thickness among patients with optic neuritis(ON)according to the etiology and to investigate the possible correlation between structural and visual outcomes METHODS:In this retrospective cross-sectional study,the clinical data of patients with aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G-related ON(AQP4 group,40 eyes),myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein IgG-related ON(MOG group,31 eyes),and multiple sclerosis-related ON(MS group,24 eyes)were *** retinal thickness of the foveal,parafoveal and perifoveal regions were *** acuity(VA),visual field index and mean deviation were measured as visual ***:The AQP4 group showed a significantly thinner fovea(226.4±13.4μm)relative to the MOG(236.8±14.0μm,P=0.015)and MS(238.9±14.3μm,P=0.007)*** thickness in the parafoveal area also was thinner in the AQP4 group,though the difference in perifoveal retinal thickness was not *** thickness was correlated with VA in the AQP4 group(coefficientρ=-0.418,P=0.014),but not in the MOG and MS groups(P=0.218 and P=0.138,respectively).There was no significant correlation between foveal thickness and visual field test in all three ***:The significant thinning in the fovea and parafoveal areas in the AQP4 group compared to the MOG and MS groups are ***,macular changes in AQP4-ON show a significant correlation with *** results provide the possibility that retinal structural damage could reflect functional damage in AQP4-ON,distinct from MOGON and MS-ON.

关键词： foveal thickness optic neuritis aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein multiple sclerosis

Optimal management for alcoholic liver disease: Conventional medications, natural therapy or combination?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第1期22卷 8-23页

作者： moon-sun Kim Madeleine Ong Xianqin Qu School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences University of Technology Sydney Faculty of Pharmacy University of Sydney

Alcohol consumption is the principal factor in thepathogenesis of chronic liver *** liver disease(ALD)is defined by histological lesions on the liver that can range from simple hepatic steatosis to more advanced stages such as alcoholic steatohepatitis,cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma and liver *** one of the oldest forms of liver injury known to humans,ALD is still a leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality and the burden is exerting on medical systems with hospitalization and management costs rising constantly *** the biological mechanisms,including increasing of acetaldehyde,oxidative stress with induction of cytochrome p4502E1,inflammatory cytokine release,abnormal lipid metabolism and induction of hepatocyte apoptosis,by which chronic alcohol consumption triggers serious complex progression of ALD is well established,there is no universally accepted therapy to prevent or *** this article,we have briefly reviewed the pathogenesis of ALD and the molecular targets for development of novel *** review is focused on current therapeutic strategies for ALD,including lifestyle modification with nutrition supplements,available pharmacological drugs and new agents that are under development,liver transplantation,application of complementary medicines,and their *** relevant molecular mechanisms of each conventional medication and natural agent have been reviewed according to current available knowledge in the *** also summarized efficacy vs safety on conventional and herbal medicines which are specifically used for the prevention and treatment of *** a system review,this article highlighted that the combination of pharmaceutical drugs with naturally occurring agents may offer an optimal management for ALD and its *** is worthwhile to conduct large-scale,multiple centre clinical trials to further prove the safety and benefits for the integrative therapy on ALD.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Alcohol hepatitis Conventional medicines Natural medicines Hepaticlipid metabolism Hepatic inflammation Combinationtherapy

Immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第13期9卷 2969-2982页

作者： Jai Hoon Yoon Ye-Ji jung sung-Hoon moon Department of Internal Medicine Hanyang University College of MedicineSeoul 04763South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Hallym UniversityAnyang 14068South Korea Department of Internal Medicine University of Hallym College of MedicineHallym University Sacred Heart HospitalAnyang 14068South Korea

Pancreatic cancer, a highly lethal cancer, has the lowest 5-year survival rate forseveral reasons, including its tendency for the late diagnosis, a lack of serologicmarkers for screening, aggressive local invasion, its early metastaticdissemination, and its resistance to chemotherapy/radiotherapy. Pancreaticcancer evades immunologic elimination by a variety of mechanisms, includinginduction of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Cancer-associatedfibroblasts interact with inhibitory immune cells, such as tumor-associatedmacrophages and regulatory T cells, to form an inflammatory shell-like desmoplasticstroma around tumor cells. Immunotherapy has the potential to mobilizethe immune system to eliminate cancer cells. Nevertheless, althoughimmunotherapy has shown brilliant results across a wide range of malignancies,only anti-programmed cell death 1 antibodies have been approved for use inpatients with pancreatic cancer who test positive for microsatellite instability ormismatch repair deficiency. Some patients treated with immunotherapy whoshow progression based on conventional response criteria may prove to have adurable response later. Continuation of immune-based treatment beyond diseaseprogression can be chosen if the patient is clinically stable. Immunotherapeuticapproaches for pancreatic cancer treatment deserve further exploration, given theplethora of combination trials with other immunotherapeutic agents, targetedtherapy, stroma-modulating agents, chemotherapy, and multi-way combinationtherapies.

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Pancreatic cancer Immunotherapy Immune checkpoint inhibitor