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Ion emission from warm dense matter produced by irradiation with a soft x-ray free-electron laser

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 71-84页

作者： Josef Krása Tomás Burian Vera Hájková Jaromír Chalupský Šimon Jelínek Katerina Frantálová Michal Krupka Zuzana Kuglerová sushil Kumar singh Vojtech Vozda Ludek Vysín MichalŠmíd Pablo Perez-Martin Marion Kühlman Juan Pintor Jakub Cikhardt Matthias Dreimann Dennis Eckermann Felix Rosenthal sam M.Vinko Alessandro Forte Thomas Gawne Thomas Campbell shenyuan Ren YuanFeng shi Trevor Hutchinson oliver Humphries Thomas Preston Mikako Makita Motoaki Nakatsutsumi Xiayun Pan Alexander Köhler Marion Harmand sven Toleikis Katerina Falk Libor Juha Department of Radiation and Chemical Physics Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesNa Slovance 218221 Prague 8Czech Republic Laser Plasma Department Institute of Plasma PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesZa Slovankou 318200 Prague 8Czech Republic Department of surface and Plasma science Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles University in PragueV Holesovi ckách 218000 Prague 8Czech Republic Department of Physical Electronics Faculty of Nuclear Science and Engineering PhysicsCzech Technical University in PragueV Holesovi ckách 218000 Prague 8Czech Republic Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Bautzner Landstraße 40001328 DresdenGermany DEsY Photon science Notkestraße 85D-22607 HamburgGermany Institut de Minéralogie de Physique des Matériaux et de CosmochimieUMR 7590–UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHNSorbonne Université4 place Jussieu75005 ParisFrance Department of Physics Faculty of Electrical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueTechnická216627 Prague 6Czech Republic Center for soft Nanoscience University of MünsterBusso-Peus-Straße 10D-48149 MünsterGermany Department of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PUUnited Kingdom Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcot OX110QXUnited Kingdom Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7000 East AvenueLivermoreCalifornia 94550USA European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 4D-22869 SchenefeldGermany Technische Universität Dresden 01062 DresdenGermany

We report on an experiment performed at the FLAsH2 free-electron laser(FEL)aimed at producing warm dense matter via soft x-ray isochoric *** the experiment,we focus on study of the ions emitted during the soft x-ray ablation process using time-of-flight electron multipliers and a shifted Maxwell–Boltzmann velocity distribution *** find that most emitted ions are thermal,but that some impurities chemisorbed on the target surface,such as protons,are accelerated by the electrostatic field created in the plasma by escaped *** morphology of the complex crater structure indicates the presence of several ion groups with varying *** find that the ion sound velocity is controlled by the ion temperature and show how the ion yield depends on the FEL radiation attenuation length in different materials.

关键词： electrostatic emitted chemi

Inflammasome activation under high cholesterol load triggers a protective microglial phenotype while promoting neuronal pyroptosis

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 722-744页

作者： Cristina de Dios Xenia Abadin Vicente Roca-Agujetas Marina Jimenez-Martinez Albert Morales Ramon Trullas montserrat Mari Anna Colell Department of Cell Death and Proliferation Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de BarcelonaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer(IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enferme-dades Neurodegenerativas(CIBERNED) MadridSpain Department of Biomedicine Faculty of MedicineUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Present Address:Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of PharmacyUniversidad de Sevilla.Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla(IBiS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSICSevilleSpain Present Address:Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Amsterdam UMCAmsterdamNetherlands

Background Persistent inflammatory response in the brain can lead to tissue damage and *** Alzheimer’s disease(AD),there is an aberrant activation of inflammasomes,molecular platforms that drive inflammation through caspase-1-mediated proteolytic cleavage of proinflammatory cytokines and gasdermin D(GsDMD),the executor of ***,the mechanisms underlying the sustained activation of inflammasomes in AD are largely *** have previously shown that high brain cholesterol levels promote amyloid-β(Aβ)accumulation and oxidative ***,we investigate whether these cholesterol-mediated changes may regulate the inflam-masome *** sIM-A9 microglia and sH-sY5Y neuroblastoma cells were cholesterol-enriched using a water-soluble cholesterol *** exposure to lipopolysaccharide(LPs)plus muramyl dipeptide or Aβ,activation of the inflammasome pathway was analyzed by immunofluorescence,ELIsA and immunoblotting ***-labeled Aβwas employed to monitor changes in microglia *** medium was used to study how microglia-neuron interrelationship modulates the inflammasome-mediated *** In activated microglia,cholesterol enrichment promoted the release of encapsulated IL-1βaccompanied by a switch to a more neuroprotective phenotype,with increased phagocytic capacity and release of neurotrophic *** contrast,in sH-sY5Y cells,high cholesterol levels stimulated inflammasome assembly triggered by both bacterial toxins and Aβpeptides,resulting in GsDMD-mediated ***(GsH)ethyl ester treatment,which recovered the cholesterol-mediated depletion of mitochondrial GsH levels,significantly reduced the Aβ-induced oxidative stress in the neuronal cells,resulting in lower inflammasome activation and cell ***,using conditioned media,we showed that neuronal pyroptosis affects the function of the cholesterol-enriched microglia,lowering its phagocytic activity and,the

关键词： Neuroinflammation Mitochondrial oxidative stress Phagocytosis Alzheimer’s disease DAM signature NLRP3

Immediate and Long-Term Results of Transcatheter Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus—Comparison of Two Decades before and after Change in Antibiotic Infective Endocarditis Prophylaxis Guidelines

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第2期17卷 215-230页

作者： Annina Dietrich Daniel Quandt oliver Kretschmar Walter Knirsch Pediatric Cardiology Pediatric Heart CenterDepartment of Surgery and Children’s Research CenterUniversity Children’s Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland University of Zurich ZurichSwitzerland

Objectives:To determine immediate and long-term follow-up of transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus(PDA)in ***:National antibiotic prophylaxis(AP)guideline for infective endocarditis changed after 2009,the effect on practice of PDA closure is ***:Observational single center study analyzing follow-up of PDA closure comparing two time periods before(2002–2009)and after(2010–2019)changes in AP ***:332 patients(68.1%female),median(interquartile range)age 3.0 years(1.5–5.7)and body weight 14.0 kg(10.0–19.3),were *** morphology was conical type A(50.3%),window type B(1.2%),tubular type C(40.1%),complex type D(2.1%),elongated type E(0.9%)and other(5.4%).Minimal PDA diameter and length were 1.9 mm(1.3–2.5)and 8.0 mm(6.2–10.2).PDA was closed using coils(56.3%),Amplatzer Duct Occluders(41.9%)and others(1.8%).Complete closure rate was 61.1%at catheter intervention,72.3%on day 1,87.7%after 6 months and 98.4%at last follow-up on *** complication rate(severity level 3)was 4.2%and major complication rate(severity level 4)0.3%,with no catastrophic complications(severity level 5).Annual PDA closure rate declined in the second time period(22.6/year vs.15.5/year,p=0.018),PDA size increased(1.6 mm vs.2.0 mm,p=0.002)and proportion of coils decreased(72.4%vs.37.1%,psions:Interventional closure of PDA is associated with excellent closure rates during follow-up(>98%)and only a small number of complications leading to reintervention or *** in AP guidelines changed indication for and practice of PDA closure.

关键词： Patent arterial duct device closure congenital heart disease infective endocarditis

Are we giving azathioprine too late? The case for early immunomodulation in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第36期14卷 5512-5518页

作者： María Josefina Etchevers montserrat Aceituno Miquel sans Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Posadas Buenos Aires Argentina Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Clínic i Provincial/IDIBAPS Barcelona CIBER Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas Spain

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes two entities, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Both are chronic conditions with frequent complications and surgical procedures and a great impact on patient’s quality of life. The thiopurine antimetabolites azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine are widely used in IBD patients. Current indications include maintenance therapy, steroid-dependant disease, fistula closure, prevention of infliximab immunogenicity and prevention of Crohn’s disease recurrence. surprisingly, the wide use of immunosuppressants in the last decades has not decreased the need of surgery, probably because these treatments are introduced at too late stages in disease course. An earlier use of immunossupressants is now advocated by some authors. The rational includes: (1) failure to modify IBD natural history of present therapeutic approach, (2) demonstration that azathioprine can induce mucosal healing, a relevant prognostic factor for Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, and (3) demonstration that early immunossupression has a very positive impact on pediatric, recently diagnosed Crohn’s disease patients. We are now awaiting the results of new studies, to clarify the contribution of azathioprine, as compared to infliximab (sONIC study), and to demonstrate the usefulness of azathioprine in recently diagnosed adult Crohn’s disease patients (AZTEC study).

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Immunosuppressants Azathioprine

Endophytic fungi harbored in Cannabis sativa L.:diversity and potential as biocontrol agents against host plant-specific phytopathogens

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第3期60卷 137-151页

作者： Parijat Kusari souvik Kusari Michael spiteller oliver Kayser Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering Chair of Technical BiochemistryTU DortmundEmil-Figge-Str.6644227 DortmundGermany Institute of Environmental Research(INFU)of the Faculty of Chemistry Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical ChemistryTU DortmundOtto-Hahn-Str.644221 DortmundGermany

The objective of the present work was isolation,phylogenetic characterization,and assessment of biocontrol potential of endophytic fungi harbored in various tissues(leaves,twigs,and apical and lateral buds)of the medicinal plant,Cannabis sativa L.A total of 30 different fungal endophytes were isolated from all the plant tissues which were authenticated by molecular identification based on rDNA ITs sequence analysis(ITs1,5.8s and ITs2 regions).The Menhinick’s index revealed that the buds were immensely rich in fungal species,and Camargo’s index showed the highest tissue-specific fungal dominance for the *** most dominant species was Penicillium copticola that could be isolated from the twigs,leaves,and apical and lateral buds.A detailed calculation of Fisher’s log series index,shannon diversity index,simpson’s index,simpson’s diversity index,and Margalef’s richness revealed moderate overall biodiversity of *** endophytes distributed among its *** fungal endophytes were challenged by two host phytopathogens,Botrytis cinerea and Trichothecium roseum,devising a dual culture antagonistic assay on five different *** observed 11 distinct types of pathogen inhibition encompassing a variable degree of antagonism(%)on changing the *** revealed the potential chemodiversity of the isolated fungal endophytes not only as promising resources of biocontrol agents against the known and emerging phytopathogens of Cannabis plants,but also as sustainable resources of biologically active and defensive secondary metabolites.

关键词： Cannabis sativa Endophytic fungi Fungal diversity Antagonism Botrytis cinerea Trichothecium roseum

Medium-Term Results of Balloon Valvuloplasty of Native Pulmonary Valve stenosis with and without supravalvular Obstruction in Childhood

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第2期17卷 161-172页

作者： Olivia Lenoir Daniel Quandt oliver Kretschmar Walter Knirsch Pediatric Cardiology Pediatric Heart CenterChildren’s Research CenterUniversity Children’s Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland University of Zurich ZurichSwitzerland

Objectives:Factors influencing results of balloon valvuloplasty(BVP)of pulmonary valve stenosis(Ps)in children are ***:BVP has become the standard of care for Ps,medium-term results are not uniform and depend on various ***:We analysed the medium-term results of BVP of Ps in children in an observational,single centre *** for additional procedure was defined as outcome after initial ***:We included 143 children(83 female)at a median(IQR)age of 2.6(0.26–9.24)months and body weight of 5(3.4–8)kg at BVP with a follow–up of 5.04(1.6–10.2)*** used balloon size of 10(9–14)mm and maximal balloon pressure of 4(3.5–10)atm,resulting in balloon–to–pulmonary annulus ratio of 1.28(1.2–1.4).systolic pressure gradient of Ps was reduced with BVP(43.5 mmHg vs.14.0 mmHg,ps.25.0 mmHg,pst *** BVP with associated supravalvular Ps resulted in a relevant reduction of systolic pressure gradient in 23 of 31 patients(74.2%).Early additional procedure was necessary in 14 patients(9.8%)after 0.2(0.1–0.7)years due to residual Ps(n=13)and infective endocarditis(n=1).Factors for additional procedures were associated supravalvular Ps with a higher residual pressure gradient,but not genetic *** further follow–up of 5.04(1.6–10.2)years no further additional procedures were ***:Pulmonary BVP of native pulmonary valve stenosis leads to excellent medium-term results,even in 3 of 4 infants with associated supravalvular obstruction sufficient pressure relief can be obtained.

关键词： Pediatric catheter congenital pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty

Detecting abrupt change in land cover in the eastern Hindu Kush region using Landsat time series(1988-2020)

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Journal of Mountain science 2022年第6期19卷 1699-1716页

作者： saeed A.KHAN Kim A.VANsELOW oliver.sAss Cyrus sAMIMI Department of Earth sciences University of Bayreuth95447 BayreuthGermany Institute of Geography Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg91058 ErlangenGermany Bayreuth Centre of Ecology and Environmental Research University of Bayreuth95448 BayreuthGermany

Land cover change in the semi-arid environment of the eastern Hindu Kush region is driven by anthropogenic activities and environmental change impacts. Natural hazards, such as floods presumably influenced by climatic change, cause abrupt change of land cover. so far, little research has been conducted to investigate the spatiotemporal aspects of this abrupt change in the valleys. In order to explore the abrupt change in land cover and floods as its possible drivers in the eastern Hindu Kush, a semi-arid mountain region characterized by complex terrain, vegetation variation, and precipitation seasonality, we analyzed long-term Landsat image time series from 1988 to 2020 using Breaks For Additive seasonal and Trend(BFAsT). Overall, BFAsT effectively detected abrupt change by using Landsat-derived Modified soil Adjusted Vegetation Index(MsAVI). The results of our study indicate that approximately 95% of the study area experienced at least one abrupt change during 1988-2020. The years 1991, 1995, 1998, 2007, and 2016 were detected as the peak years, with the peaks occurring in different seasons. The annual trend of abrupt change is decreasing for the study area. The seasonality of abrupt change at the catchment level shows an increasing trend in the spring season for the southern catchments of Panjkora and swat. The spatial distribution patterns show that abrupt change is primarily concentrated in the floodplains indicating that flooding is the primary driver of the land cover change in the region. We also demonstrated the accurate detection of past flood events(2015) based on the two case examples of Ayun, Rumbur, and Kalash valleys. The detection of the flood events was verified by fieldwork and historical high-resolution Google Earth imagery. Finally, our study provides an example of applying Landsat time series in a dry mountain region to detect abrupt changes in land cover and analyze impact of natural hazards such as floods.

关键词： Land cover change Floods Natural hazards BFAsT Chitral Pakistan

Data-driven smart charging for heterogeneous electric vehicle fleets

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2020年第1期1卷 74-86页

作者： oliver Frendo Jerome Graf Nadine Gaertner Heiner stuckenschmidt sAP sE Dietmar-Hopp-Allee 16Walldorf 69190Germany University of Mannheim Schloss68131 Mannheim

The ongoing electrification of mobility comes with the challenge of charging electric vehicles(EVs)sufficiently while charging infrastructure capacities are *** charging algorithms produce charge plans for indi-vidual EVs and aim to assign charging capacities fairly and efficiently between vehicles in a *** practice,EV charging processes follow nonlinear charge profiles such as constant-current,constant-voltage(CCCV).smart charging must consider charge profiles in order to avoid gaps between charge plans and actual EV power *** valid models of charge profiles and their parameters for a diverse set of EVs are not publicly *** this work we propose a data-driven approach for integrating a machine learning model to pre-dict arbitrary charge profiles into a smart charging *** train machine learning models with a dataset consisting of charging processes from the workplace gathered in 2016–2018 from a heterogeneous EV fleet of 1001 EVs with 18 unique *** charging process includes the time series of charging *** pre-processing,the dataset contains 10.595 charging processes leading to 1.2 million data points in *** then compare different machine learning models for charge profile predictions finding that XGBoost yields the most accurate predictions with a mean absolute error(MAE)of 126W and a relative MAE of *** show that smart charging with the integrated XGBoost model leads to a more effective infrastructure usage with up to 21%more energy charged compared to smart charging without considering charge ***,an ablation study on regression model features shows the EV’s model is not a necessary attribute for accurate charge profile ***,charging features are required including the number of phases used for charging.

关键词： smart charging Electric vehicles Data-driven approach Machine learning

A screen for bacterial endosymbionts in the model organisms Tribolium castaneum, T. confusum, Callosobruchus maculatus, and related species

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Insect science 2015年第2期22卷 165-177页

作者： sara L. Goodacre Claudia Fricke oliver Y. Martin school of Biology University of Nottingham Queen's Medical Centre Nottingham NG7 2UH United Kingdom Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity University of Muenster Muenster D-48 149 Germany ETH ZOrich Experimental Ecology Institute for IntegrativeBiology D-USYS CH-8092 ZOrich Switzerland

Reproductive parasites such as Wolbachia are extremely widespread amongst the arthropods and can have a large influence over the reproduction and fitness of their hosts. Undetected infections could thus confound the results of a wide range of studies that focus on aspects of host behavior, reproduction, fitness, and degrees of reproductive isolation. This potential problem has already been underlined by work investigating the in- cidence of Wolbachia infections in stocks of the model system Drosophila melanogaster. Here we survey a range of lab stocks of further commonly used model arthropods, fo- cusing especially on the flour beetles Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum, the cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus and related species （Coleoptera： Tenebrionidae and Bruchidae）. These species are widespread stored product pests so knowledge of infec- tions with symbionts further has potential use in informing biocontrol measures. Beetles were assessed for infection with 3 known microbial reproductive parasites： Wolbachia, Rickettsia, spiroplasma. Infections with some of these microbes were found in some of the lab stocks studied, although overall infections were relatively rare. The consequences of finding infections in these or other species and the type of previous studies likely to be affected most are discussed.

关键词： Coleoptera reproductive isolation reproductive parasite sexual conflict sexual selection Wolbachia