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Relations between Site Conditions and Endophyte Colonization of Grasses in Poland

Journal of Life Sciences 2011年第10期5卷 831-837页

作者： Barbara Wiewiora Grzegorz zurek Maria Pronczuk monika zurek Jan Schmidt Department of Seed Science and Technology Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute Radzikow Btonie 05-870 Poland Department of Grasses Legumes and Energy Plants Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute Radzikow Btonie 05-870 Poland Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute Radzikow Btonie 05-870 Poland National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources Botanical Garden Bydgoszcz 85-687 Poland

The most important and valuable grass species in Polish grassland swards are known to host symptomless endophytic fungi, from Neotyphodium genera. For agricultural practice, endophyte-plant symbiosis is both positive and negative. Endophyte-infected grasses express range of adaptations to abiotic and biotic stress. However, in certain circumstances endophytes may produce toxic alkaloids that have been linked with animal production and health problems. Intensive research towards identification of endophyte fungi growing symptomless in grasses of semi-natural grasslands was undertaken in Poland. The aims of our studies were to discover endophytes distribution across country with relation to site conditions and few climatic factors. Endophytes were found not to be very frequent, but distributed rather evenly across explored regions. Endophyte fungi were found the most frequently in meadow fescue （Festucapratensis Huds.） plants, which is common fact, as contrary to presence of endophyte hyphae in tufted hairgrass （Deschampsia cespitosa UP.B） and smooth-stalked meadow grass （Poa pratensis L.）. Presence of endophytes in explored regions was related to average longitude of collection site （0.63^＊＊） and number of sunshine hours per year （-0.70^＊＊）. Intensity ofendophyte colonization was related to yearly mean air temperature （-0.69^＊＊） and to the length of winter （0.80^＊＊）. Presence of endophytes was not related to intensity of colonization. The selective pressure of usage intensity towards more frequent endophyte colonization was not confirmed.

关键词： Agro-climatic districts endophyte grass Neotyphodium usage intensity.

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