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Cavity-agnostic acoustofluidic manipulations enabled by guided flexural waves on a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 153-171页

作者： Philippe Vachon Srinivas Merugu jaibir Sharma Amit Lal Eldwin j.ng Yul Koh joshua E.-Y.Lee Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Institute of Microelectronics Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore SonicMEMS Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA School of Electrical and Data Engineering University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSWAustralia

This article presents an in-depth exploration of the acoustofluidic capabilities of guided flexural waves(GFWs)generated by a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator(MAWA).By harnessing the potential of GFWs,cavity-agnostic advanced particle manipulation functions are achieved,unlocking new avenues for microfluidic systems and lab-on-a-chip *** localized acoustofluidic effects of GFWs arising from the evanescent nature of the acoustic fields they induce inside a liquid medium are numerically investigated to highlight their unique and promising *** traditional acoustofluidic technologies,the GFWs propagating on the MAWA’s membrane waveguide allow for cavity-agnostic particle manipulation,irrespective of the resonant properties of the fluidic ***,the acoustofluidic functions enabled by the device depend on the flexural mode populating the active region of the membrane *** demonstrations using two types of particles include in-sessile-droplet particle transport,mixing,and spatial separation based on particle diameter,along with streaming-induced counter-flow virtual channel generation in microfluidic PDMS *** experiments emphasize the versatility and potential applications of the MAWA as a microfluidic platform targeted at lab-on-a-chip development and showcase the MAWA’s compatibility with existing microfluidic systems.

关键词： waveguide fluid cavity

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Monolithic ultrasound fingerprint sensor

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 37-44页

作者： Xiaoyue jiang Yipeng Lu Hao-Yen Tang julius M.Tsai Eldwin j.ng Michael j.Daneman Bernhard E.Boser David A.Horsley Department of Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Invensense Inc. San JoseCA 95110USA

This paper presents a 591×438-DPI ultrasonic fingerprint *** sensor is based on a piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer(PMUT)array that is bonded at wafer-level to complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)signal processing electronics to produce a pulse-echo ultrasonic imager on a *** meet the 500-DPI standard for consumer fingerprint sensors,the PMUT pitch was reduced by approximately a factor of two relative to an earlier *** conducted a systematic design study of the individual PMUT and array to achieve this scaling while maintaining a high *** resulting 110×56-PMUT array,composed of 30×43-μm^(2) rectangular PMUTs,achieved a 51.7% fill-factor,three times greater than that of the previous *** with the custom CMOS ASIC,the sensor achieves 2 mV kPa^(−1) sensitivity,15 kPa pressure output,75μm lateral resolution,and 150μm axial resolution in a 4.6 mm×3.2 mm *** the best of our knowledge,we have demonstrated the first MEMS ultrasonic fingerprint sensor capable of imaging epidermis and sub-surface layer fingerprints.

关键词： piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer(PMUT) fingerprint sensors ultrasound

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Mechanical and hydraulic properties of carbonate rock:The critical role of porosity

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第4期15卷 814-825页

作者： Kam ng j.Carlos Santamarina Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering and Construction Management University of WyomingLaramieWY82071USA Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia

Carbonate rocks are extensively used in civil infrastructure and play a critical role in geoenergy geoengineering,either as hydrocarbon reservoirs or potential repositories for CO_(2)geological *** genesis and diagenetic overprint determine the properties of carbonate *** study combines recent data gathered from Madison Limestone and an extensive dataset compiled from published sources to analyze the hydraulic and mechanical properties of limestone carbonate *** models and data analyses recognize the inherently granular genesis of carbonate rocks and explain the strong dependency of physical properties on *** asymptotically-correct power model in terms of(1-Ф/Ф*)a is a good approximation to global trends of unconfined stiffness E and unconfined compressive strength UCS,cohesive intercept in Mohr-Coulomb failure envelopes,and the brittle-toductile transition *** power model is the analytical solution for the mechanical properties of percolating granular *** adopted a limiting granular porosityФ*=0.5 for all models,which was consistent with the loosest packing of monosize *** fitted power model has exponent(α=2)in agreement with percolation theory and highlights the sensitivity of mechanical properties to *** and models confirm a porosity-independent ratio between unconfined stiffness and strength,and the ratio follows a log-normal distribution with mean(E/UCS)≈*** high angle of internal shear strength measured for carbonate rocks reflects delayed contact failure with increased confinement,and it is not sensitive to *** spans more than six orders of *** size controls pore size and determines the reference permeability k^(*)at the limiting porosityФ*=*** a given grain size from fine to coarse-grained dominant carbonates,permeability is very sensitive to changes in porosity,suggesting preferential changes in the internal pore network during compaction.

关键词： Rock porosity Carbonate permeability Rock unconfined stiffness Unconfined compressive strength(UCS)

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Physical scientists research biomedicine: a call for caution

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Chinese journal of Cancer Research 2015年第1期27卷 94-95页

作者： Yì-Xiáng j.Wáng Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital

It is noticeable that nowadays there are more and more scientists with physical science or engineering background working on or started to work on biomedical projects, but rarely vice versa. This reflects the multi-discipline nature of some projects, however, also at least partially can be explained that biomedical research is seen as trendy, fundable, and likely to get more citations and with results more publishable in high impact journals （1,2）. It is also apparent with some publications and lectures that not all these physical scientists/engineers are well-prepared to work on projects which do not align with their own expertise. Some studies are against very basic principles of pharmacology or biology, while others try to solve medical problems which do not exist clinically. I reviewed a number of submissions including a few from prestigious American universities to Nature journals which made no sense with the study design. Much of manpower and financial resource are being wasteful spent. There are also examples of clinical trials which were ill-planned right from the start and in the end only causing much inconvenience to patients to say at the least. In addition, ample examples exist where experienced physical scientists worked with inexperienced medical scientists and resulted in avoidable failures.

关键词： a call for caution very Physical scientists research biomedicine

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On pancreatic cancer screening by magnetic resonance imaging with the recent evidence by Del Chiaro and colleagues

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Chinese journal of Cancer Research 2015年第4期27卷 417-422页

作者： Yì-Xiáng j.Wáng j.ng-Shan Gong Romaric Loffroy Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Department of Radiology Shenzhen People’s Hospital Second Clinical Medicine College of jinan University Department of Vascular Oncologic and Interventional Radiology Le2i UMR CNRS 6306 University of Dijon School of Medicine Bocage Teaching Hospital

Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease because incidence and mortality rates are nearly *** 5-year survival rate in Western countries is 4%,the lowest among all types of cancer（1）.In China,pancreatic cancer is the sixth leading cause of death from malignant disease,with an overall cumulative 5-year survival rate of 1%to 3%（2,3）.

关键词： screening mortality intraductal cumulative lethal identical mucinous incidence familial pancreas

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COUPLED VIBRATION OF STRUCTURAL THIN-WALLED CORES

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2000年第1期13卷 81-88页

作者： Shiu Cho ng j.S.Kuang Department of Civil Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

This paper presents an analysis of the coupled vibration of asymmetric core structures in tall buildings. The governing equation of free vibration and its corresponding eigenvalue problem, which is a set of equations for laterally flexural vibrations in two different directions coupled by a warping-St. Venant torsional vibration, are derived. Based on the Calerkin method, a generalized approximate method is developed for the analysis of coupled vibration and thus proposed for determining the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the structure in triply-coupled vibration. The results of the proposed method for the example structure show good agreement with those of the FEM analysis. The proposed method has been shown to provide a simple and rapid, yet accurate, means for coupled vibration analysis of core structures.

关键词： coupled vibration analysis asymmetric core structure Galerkin method natural frequency mode shape

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Ranking parameters in urban energy models for various building forms and climates using sensitivity analysis

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Building Simulation 2023年第9期16卷 1587-1600页

作者： Aysegul Demir Dilsiz Kaitlynn ng jérôme Kämpf Zoltan Nagy Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering and Construction Management University of WyomingLaramie WYUSA Intelligent Environments Lab Department of CivilArchitectural and Environmental EngineeringThe University of Texas at AustinAustin TXUSA Energy Informatics Group Idiap Research Institute1920 MartignySwitzerland

Urban Building Energy Modelling(UBEM)allows us to simulate buildings’energy performances at a larger ***,creating a reliable urban-scale energy model of new or existing urban areas can be difficult since the model requires overly detailed input data,which is not necessarily publicly *** calibration is a necessary step to reduce the uncertainties and simulation results in order to develop a reliable and accurate *** to the concerns over computational resources and the time needed for calibration,a sensitivity analysis is often required to identify the key parameters with the most substantial impact before the calibration is deployed in ***,we study the sensitivity of uncertain input parameters that affect the annual heating and cooling energy demand by employing an urban-scale energy model,*** goal is to determine the relative influence of each set of input parameters and their interactions on heating and cooling loads for various building forms under different ***,we conduct a global sensitivity analysis for annual cooling and heating consumption under different climate *** upon this,we investigate the changes in input sensitivity to different building forms,focusing on the indices with the largest Total-order ***,we determine First-order indices and Total-order effects of each input parameter included in the urban building energy *** also provide tables,showing the important parameters on the annual cooling and heating demand for each climate and each building *** find that if the desired calibration process require to decrease the number of the inputs to save the computational time and cost,calibrating 5 parameters;temperature set-point,infiltration rate,floor U-value,*** U-value and roof U-value would impact the results over 55%for any climate and any building form.

关键词： global sensitivity analysis Sobol’method urban energy modeling building stocks energy modelling parameter screening Sobol’indices sustainable urban planning

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The role of AVDR in linear cascade testing

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航空动力学报 2007年第6期22卷 933-944页

作者： Wing F.ng Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Instituteand State University

Linear cascade testing plays an important role in the research and development of turbomachinery and is widely used over the *** ideal cascade model of a turbomachinery blade row is *** actual linear cascade testing,the flow through the test section converges due to the development of the boundary layer and secondary flow along the sidewall surfaces of the test *** velocity density ratio(AVDR) is adopted to account for the deviation of the tested cascade flow from the ideal 2D *** numerous published cascade works,the influence of AVDR on cascade performance is seen to be complicated with many affecting factors,such as those related to cascade/blade geometry and flow ***,controlling AVDR is limited by the facility ***,real blade-to-blade flow in turbomachines is usually associated with AVDR greater than unity due to limited span of blades between the hub and shroud such that cascade testing without reducing AVDR could be favored *** these facets add complexity and diversification to the *** current paper reviews previous studies and results on *** understanding on the role of AVDR and recommendations on how to deal with it in linear cascade testing are provided.

关键词：线性叶栅试验轴向速度密度比空气流动叶栅特性

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Indexing Non-merohedrally Twinned Crystals by Bruker'sAPEX2 and Agilent's CrysAlis^(PRO), an Example of a Crystal Structure That Can Be Refined through Either the PLATONRoute or the ‘HKLF 5' Route, and, Simultaneous Data Collection of Two Crystals in a Two-in-one Run

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Chinese journal of Structural Chemistry 2014年第2期33卷 294-303页

作者： ng Seik Weng Department of Chemistry University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Chemistry Department King Abdulaziz University

The first part of this report describes the data reduction of non-merohedrally twinned crystals measured on Bruker and Agilent area-detector diffractometers. The image frames of methyl-2-aminopyrazine-3-carboxylate were processed with APEX2 to furnish a set of overlapping diffraction indices that were used for solution and refinement. CrysAlisPRO was used for processing the frames of bis（diethyldicarbamato）nickel, which exists in monoclinic and tetragonal polymorphs, and in untwinned and twinned forms. In the second part, the crystal structure of [（3-formyl-4- hydroxyphenyl）methyl]triphenylphosphanium chloride was refined through the ‘HKLF 5＇（based on a combined set of diffraction indices） and PLATON（based on one set of diffraction indices） routes to give identical outcomes because the amount of overlap of the twin domains is small. For the third part, in a proof-of-concept investigation, the diffraction pattern of untwinned and twinned 4-{（E）-（4-aminophenyl）diazenyl]phenylamine was recorded simultaneously in one run; the three domains could be indexed and the crystal structure satisfactorily refined. The refinement was identical to those derived from independent measurements; the crystal structure features two independent centrosymmetric molecules, one of which is ordered and the other whole-molecule-disordered. This two-in-one run opens up the possibility that two or more crystals having different atomic compositions can be measured simultaneously if their reciprocal lattices do not overlap significantly.

关键词： merohedral non-merohedral twin APEX2 Crys Alis^PRO two-in-one data collection

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Comparative water relations of co-occurring trees in a mixed podocarp-broadleaf forest

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journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第1期12卷 163-175页

作者： julia Kaplick Michael j.Clearwater Cate Macinnis-ng School of Biological Sciences University of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019Auckland 1142New Zealand School of Science University of WaikatoPrivate Bag 3105Hamilton 3240 New Zealand

Aims As extreme climatic events including droughts and heat waves become more common in a changing climate,tree mortality has increased across the *** order to determine whether certain species have a competitive advantage over others,we explored the water-relations and leaf-gas exchange of four co-occurring spe-cies in a forest in northern Aotearoa-New *** studied the ecologically and culturally significant foundation species,Agathis australis(a conifer),two additional conifers,Phyllocladus tricho-manoides and Podocarpus totara and the angiosperm Knightia *** We measured sap flow,leaf-gas exchange and xylem water poten-tials of leaves and terminal branches with concurrent measures of micrometeorological data on days with very few *** derived whole tree hydraulic conductance and instantaneous water-use efficiency(WUEi)at our remnant forest in west Auckland during February 2015(southern hemisphere summer).Important Findings The four species behaved similarly in their diurnal curves of gas exchange and water *** of assimilation,stomatal con-ductance and WUEi were similar among trees of different *** tree hydraulic conductance was also similar among *** results indicate functional convergence in water relations,possibly driven by low nutrient soils at the *** results suggest that there is no species with a clear adaptive advantage over the others in the context of climate change.

关键词： southern conifers sap flow water potential hydraulic conductance leaf-gas exchange functional convergence

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