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ACTN3 and AMPD1 Polymorphism and Genotype Combinations in Bulgarian Athletes Performing Wingate Test

Journal of Sports Science 2015年第1期3卷 1-10页

作者： Peter Atanasov Trayana Djarova Michael Kalinski Lubomir Petrov Radka Kaneva Sam Mugandani Gregori Watson monem jemni Department of Theory and Methods of Physical Education Faculty of Pedagogy Paissii Hilendarski Plovdiv University Plovdiv4000 Bulgaria Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology University of Zululand Private Bag XI O01 KwaDlagenzwa 3886 South Africa Department of Applied Health Sciences Murray State University Murray Kentucky 42071-3347 USA Department of Physiology and Biochemistry National Sports Academy Sofia 1700 Bulgaria Molecular Medicine Centre Medical Academy Sofia 1431 Bulgaria Department of Biokinetics and Sport Science University of Zululand KwaDlangezwa 3886 South Africa Department of Rehabilitation and Health Sciences Leeds Metropolitan University Leeds LS1 3HE United Kingdom Department of Sport Science College of Arts and Sciences Qatar University AI Tarfa Doha 2713 Qatar

The aim of the study was to investigate ACTN3 （ct-actinin-3） and AMPD1 （adenosine monophosphate deaminase） polymorphism and genotype combinations in Bulgarian athletes competing in various sports and the relation to peak power output. A mixed group of athletes （n = 52） competing at national and international level and a matching genetic control group （n = 109） of volunteers were recruited. Participants were genotyped for ACTN3 and AMPD1 by polymerase chain reaction. There were no significant differences in ACTN3 genotype distribution between athletes performing Wingate test （38% RR, 46% RX, 16% XX） and controls （41.2% RR, 46% RX, 12.8% XX）. AMPD1 distribution was （73% CC, 27% CT, 0% TT） and in controls （73.2% CC, 25% CT, 1.8% TT）. Athletes performing Wingate test showed equal 33% frequency of RR/CC and RX/CC combination, and 12% RX/CT. Significantly higher （P 〈 0.05） peak power output （11.10 W kg1） was found in athletes with RX/CT combination compared to other combinations （range： 8.83-9.71 W kg-1） and in R-power （RR ＋ RX） and C-power （CC ＋ CT） dominant models （9.91 W kgl）. Mean power was higher （P 〈 0.05） in RX/CT combination （8.93 W kg-1） compared to RR/CC （7.75 W kg-1） and RR/CT （7.95 W kgl）. In conclusion, the low frequency of T AMPD1 allele in Bulgarian athletes might indicate that this mutant allele is related to the physical performance. The prevalence of R ACTN3 and C AMPD1 alleles suggests that they could contribute to anaerobic performance. Higher peak power in Wingate test is associated with RX/CT genotype combination and R- and C-power dominant models.

关键词： Genetics, metabolism, exercise, performance, peak power.

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