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Genotypic Variation for Low Striga Germination Stimulation in Sorghum “Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench” Landraces from Eritrea

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第17期7卷 2470-2482页

作者： Tadesse Yohannes Kahiu Ngugi Emanuel Ariga Tesfamichael Abraha Nasser Yao Pauline Asami monday ahonsi Department of Plant Sciences & Crop Protection Faculty of Agriculture College of Agriculture & Veterinary Sciences University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Hamelmalo Agricultural College (HAC) Keren Eritrea Biosciences Eastern and Central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub Nairobi Kenya

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolour (L.) Moench), the second most important staple crop in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) after maize, is well adapted to marginal environments of drought stress and high temperatures. But besides drought stress, the obligate root-parasitic flowering plant Striga hermonthica is an equally economically important biotic stress in agro-ecological zones where soils are marginal. Notwithstanding widespread and intense Striga infestation, genetic variations in defence mechanisms against the parasite have been reported. Sorghum variants, producing low levels of chemical stimulants such as sorgolactones that deter the advance of Striga seed germination and are therefore deemed resistant to the parasite, have been also reported in a few studies. But the existence of sorghum genetic variation for this resistance especially among farmers’ landraces is yet to be demonstrated. The objective of this study was therefore to determine the levels of Striga germination stimulants in response to each of the 111 collected sorghum landraces and their progenies from Eritrea. The ability of a sorghum genotype to cause germination of a Striga seed as a measure of the amount of the germination stimulant produced was used to assess the resistance of these accessions. The data were recorded as Striga germination percentage by counting the number of germinated Striga seeds. Landraces EG47, EG1261, EG830, EG1076, EG54 and EG746 with 14.68%, 15.32%, 11.85%, 13.05%, 15.74% and 16.5% germination percentages respectively were found to stimulate low levels of Striga germination percentage compared to commercial checks, IS9830, SRN39, Framida, with 22.46%, 22.67%, 23.27% germination respectively. While these variants did not show complete resistance against Striga seed germination, the low level production of stimulant indicated their high level of resistance to Striga . These results implied that these accessions are likely potential sources of resistance against Striga infestation in

关键词： Eritrea Landrace Sorghum Striga hermonthica Striga Germination Stimulants Seed Parasitic Plants

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Effect of Biochar Type and Bradyrhizobium japonicum Seed Inoculation on Soybean Growth, Nodulation and Yield in a Tropical Ferric Acrisol

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 635-675页

作者： Gbadebo monday Elebiyo Robert Thomas Bachmann Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bio-Engineering Technology Green Chemistry and Sustainable Engineering Technology Cluster Universiti Kuala Lumpur Alor Gajah Malaysia

In tropical environments, most soybean growth studies have utilized rice husk biochar (RHB) in soil, even though it is low in nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorous. This may not give short-term agronomic performance relative to enriched biochar. Moreover, the impact of inoculating soybean seeds with atmospheric nitrogen-fixing bacterium Bradyrhizobium japonicum on nodulation and grain yield has produced inconclusive findings in the literature. This research therefore aims to assess the effect of poultry manure (PM), poultry manure biochar (PMB) and RHB alone and in combinations on grain yield, dry shoot and root biomass of soybeans in the semi-deciduous agro-ecological zone. In addition, the effect of B. japonicum inoculated and non-inoculated soybean seeds on nodulation and grain yield was also investigated. The treatments followed a split plot design studying inoculation and non-inoculation, soil amendments (eight), and control subplot factors, respectively. The results show that the amendment of a ferric acrisol with 4 Mg∙ha−1 PM, 10 Mg∙ha−1 RHB + 2 Mg∙ha−1 PM, and 5 Mg∙ha−1 RHB + 4 Mg∙ha−1 PMB with B. japonicum inoculated seed produced significantly greater grain yield (p = 0.05). PM treatment had a significant (p B. japonicum-inoculated soybean seeds significantly (p = 0.014) increased soybean nodulation. This study suggests that RHB combined with PM or PMB provides a beneficial source of N, P, and K, resulting in improved soybean yield and nodulation in a tropical ferric acrisol.

关键词： Biochar Poultry Manure Soil Fertility Soil Microorganism Soybean Production

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Machine Learning Models for Heterogenous Network Security Anomaly Detection

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第6期12卷 38-58页

作者： Mercy Diligence Ogah Joe Essien Martin Ogharandukun monday Abdullahi Department of Computer Science Veritas University Abuja Nigeria Department of Pure and Applied Physics Veritas University Abuja Nigeria Department of Computer Science Air Force Institute of Technology Kaduna Nigeria

The increasing amount and intricacy of network traffic in the modern digital era have worsened the difficulty of identifying abnormal behaviours that may indicate potential security breaches or operational interruptions. Conventional detection approaches face challenges in keeping up with the ever-changing strategies of cyber-attacks, resulting in heightened susceptibility and significant harm to network infrastructures. In order to tackle this urgent issue, this project focused on developing an effective anomaly detection system that utilizes Machine Learning technology. The suggested model utilizes contemporary machine learning algorithms and frameworks to autonomously detect deviations from typical network behaviour. It promptly identifies anomalous activities that may indicate security breaches or performance difficulties. The solution entails a multi-faceted approach encompassing data collection, preprocessing, feature engineering, model training, and evaluation. By utilizing machine learning methods, the model is trained on a wide range of datasets that include both regular and abnormal network traffic patterns. This training ensures that the model can adapt to numerous scenarios. The main priority is to ensure that the system is functional and efficient, with a particular emphasis on reducing false positives to avoid unwanted alerts. Additionally, efforts are directed on improving anomaly detection accuracy so that the model can consistently distinguish between potentially harmful and benign activity. This project aims to greatly strengthen network security by addressing emerging cyber threats and improving their resilience and reliability.

关键词： Cyber-Security Network Anomaly Detection Machine Learning Random Forest Decision Tree Gaussian Naive Bayes

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Effect of Biochar Type and Bradyrhizobium japonicum Seed Inoculation on Soybean Growth, Nodulation and Yield in a Tropical Ferric Acrisol

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Agricultural Sciences（农业科学） 2024年第6期 635页

作者： Gbadebo monday Elebiyo Robert Thomas Bachmann

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Application of Machine Learning for Flood Prediction and Evaluation in Southern Nigeria

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 299-316页

作者： Emeka Bright Ogbuene Chukwumeuche Ambrose Eze Obianuju Getrude Aloh Andrew monday Oroke Damian Onuora Udegbunam Josiah Chukwuemeka Ogbuka Fred Emeka Achoru Vivian Amarachi Ozorme Obianuju Anwara Ikechukwu Chukwunonyelum Anthonia Nneka Nebo Obiageli Jacinta Okolo Centre for Environmental Management and Control (CEMAC) University of Nigeria Enugu Nigeria Department of Geography Enugu State University of Science and Technology ESUT Enugu Nigeria School of Civil Engineering Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK

This study explored the application of machine learning techniques for flood prediction and analysis in southern Nigeria. Machine learning is an artificial intelligence technique that uses computer-based instructions to analyze and transform data into useful information to enable systems to make predictions. Traditional methods of flood prediction and analysis often fall short of providing accurate and timely information for effective disaster management. More so, numerical forecasting of flood disasters in the 19th century is not very accurate due to its inability to simplify complex atmospheric dynamics into simple equations. Here, we used Machine learning (ML) techniques including Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Naïve Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Neural Networks (NN) to model the complex physical processes that cause floods. The dataset contains 59 cases with the goal feature “Event-Type”, including 39 cases of floods and 20 cases of flood/rainstorms. Based on comparison of assessment metrics from models created using historical records, the result shows that NB performed better than all other techniques, followed by RF. The developed model can be used to predict the frequency of flood incidents. The majority of flood scenarios demonstrate that the event poses a significant risk to people’s lives. Therefore, each of the emergency response elements requires adequate knowledge of the flood incidences, continuous early warning service and accurate prediction model. This study can expand knowledge and research on flood predictive modeling in vulnerable areas to inform effective and sustainable contingency planning, policy, and management actions on flood disaster incidents, especially in other technologically underdeveloped settings.

关键词： Machine Learning Flood Prediction Evaluation Southern Nigeria

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ALGORITHMS FOR A SYSTEM OF GENERALIZED MIXED EQUILIBRIUM PROBLEMS AND A COUNTABLE FAMILY OF SOME NONLINEAR MULTI-VALUED NONEXPANSIVE-TYPE MAPS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2018年第6期38卷 1805-1820页

作者： Ogonnaya Michael ROMANUS Ukamaka Victoria NNYABA monday Ogudu NNAKWE Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics African University of Science and Technology

In this paper, relaxed iterative algorithms of Krasnoselskii-type and Halpern-type that approximate a solution of a system of a generalized mixed equilibrium problem anda common fixed point of a countable family of totally quasi-C-asymptotically nonexpansivemulti-valued maps are constructed. Strong convergence of the sequence generated by thesealgorithms is proved in uniformly smooth and strictly convex real Banach spaces with Kadec-Klee property. Furthermore, several applications of our theorems are also presented. Finally,our theorems are significant improvements on several important recent results for this classof nonlinear problems.

关键词： Halpern-type algorithm Krasnoselskii-type algorithm system of generalizedmixed equilibrium problems totally quasi-C-asymptotically nonexpansive multi-valued maps equally continuous maps

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The post-treatment effects of enterobiasis on the occurrence of enuresis among children in Calabar,Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第4期4卷 315-319页

作者： Iquo B Otu-Bassey monday F Useh Anyanwu A Alaribe Medical Microbiology/Parasitology Unit Department of Medical Laboratory ScienceFaculty of Allied Medical SciencesUniversity of Calabar

Objective:To investigate the relationship between enterobiasis and enuresis before and after albendazole therapy among 632 children,aged,5-14 years,in Calabar,***:The scotch tape(cellotape) technique was used for the detection of eggs of Enterobius vermicularis (***) while questionnaire-based interviews were used for screening for anal itching and/or enuresis among study *** subjects found positive for Enterobius infection as confirmed by the presence of eggs and those with persistent anal itching(both enuretic and nonenuretic) were treated with 400 mg of albendazole given as a single *** treated subjects were re-assessed post-treatment to ascertain whether they were cured and also to determine their enuretic status(for the entireties).Results:The overall prevalences of Enterobius infection, anal itching,and enuresis prior to albendazole therapy were 6.8%,42.9%,and 35.6%respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of these parameters by the socio-economic class of subjects(P = 0.462,P - 0.647,and P = 0.610,respectively).The pretreatment prevalences of enuresis among Enterobius and anal itching-positive subjects were 53.5%and 49.8%,respectively versus 34.3%and 24.9%,respectively among their negative counterpart(P = 0.012 and P < 0.001,respectively).Four(20%) out of the 20 enuretic children found Enterobius egg-negative after albendazole therapy were equally cured while 8(40%) had reduction of their enuresis,thus giving a total resolution rate of 60%.Similarly,64.2%resolution (25%cure and 32.8%reduction) of enuresis was observed amongst 120 anal itching-cured/ enuretic *** status of the Enterobius-lanal itching-uncured subjects,on the other hand,remained unchanged ***:This study is suggestive of the involvement of *** in the aetiology of enuresis in *** presenting with, especially,uncomplicated enuresis should be screened for en

关键词： Enterobiasis Enuresis Albendazole Children Nigeria

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Histological changes and antidiabetic activities of Icacina trichantha tuber extract in beta-cells of alloxan induced diabetic rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第8期3卷 628-633页

作者： Onakpa Michael monday Asuzu Isaac Uzoma Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of AbujaPMB 117AbujaNigeria Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Nigeria

Objective:To investigate the antidiabetic,hypolipidaemic activities and histopathological changes ofIcacina trichantha(***)tuber extract in alloxan induced diabetic ***:In the present study,80%methanol extract of *** was tested on alloxan induced diabetic *** were randomly grouped into control(distilled water and glibenclamide)and experimental(200,400 and 600 mg/kg body weight).Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 160 mg/kg body weight of *** glucose levels weremeasured using blood glucose test strips with AccuCheck Advantage II glucometer at 1,3,6,and 24 h on the first day and 1 h after treatment on Day 7,14 and *** samples were collected and centrifuged to separate serum for estimation of lipid profile and other biochemical *** changes in diabetic rats pancreas were also studied after extract ***:Daily oral administration *** extract(200,400,and 600 mg/kg bodyweight)and glibenclamide(2 mg/kg)showed beneficial effects on blood glucose level(P<0.01)as well as improving liver,kidney functions and hyperlipidaemia due to *** extract had a favourable effect on the histopathological changes of the pancreas in alloxan induced ***:*** extracts posses antidiabetic activities as well as improve liver and renal profile and total lipids *** extracts also have favourable effects to inhibit the histopathological changes of the pancreas in alloxan induced diabetes.

关键词： Icacina trichantha Diabetes mellitus Glibenclamide Alloxan monohydrate Rats

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On the volatility of daily stock returns of Total Nigeria Plc: evidence from GARCH models, value-at-risk and backtesting

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Financial Innovation 2020年第1期6卷 347-371页

作者： Ngozi G.Emenogu monday Osagie Adenomon Nwaze Obini Nweze Department of Statistics Federal PolytechnicBidaNiger StateNigeria Department of Statistics Nasarawa State Univ ersityKeffiNasarawa StateNigeria

This study investigates the volatility in daily stock returns for Total Nigeria Plc using nine variants of GARCH models:sGARCH,girGARCH,eGARCH,iGARCH,aGARCH,TGARCH,NGARCH,NAGARCH,and AVGARCH along with value at risk estimation and *** use daily data for Total Nigeria Plc returns for the period January 2,2001 to May 8,2017,and conclude that eGARCH and sGARCH perform better for normal innovations while NGARCH performs better for student t *** investigation of the volatility,VaR,and backtesting of the daily stock price of Total Nigeria Plc is important as most previous studies covering the Nigerian stock market have not paid much attention to the application of backtesting as a primary *** found from the results of the estimations that the persistence of the GARCH models are stable except for few cases for which iGARCH and eGARCH were ***,for student t innovation,the sGARCH and girGARCH models failed to converge;the mean reverting number of days for returns differed from model to *** the analysis of VaR and its backtesting,this study recommends shareholders and investors continue their business with Total Nigeria Plc because possible losses may be overcome in the future by improvements in stock ***,risk was reflected by significant up and down movement in the stock price at a 99%confidence level,suggesting that high risk brings a high return.

关键词： Volatility Returns Stocks Total petroleum Akaike information criterion(AIC) GARCH Value-at-risk(VaR) Backtesting

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Adsorption of Natural Surfactant on Sandstone in Enhanced Oil Recovery: Isotherms and Kinetics Studies

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2023年第7期13卷 1119-1144页

作者： monday Obekpa Michael Department of Petroleum Engineering Khazar University Baku Azerbaijan

In chemical enhanced oil recovery, surfactants are injected into the reservoir with the intention to lower interfacial tension (IFT) between the water and oil phases, and thereby bring about efficient displacement of oil. However, the adsorption of the surfactants to reservoir rock surfaces leads to the loss and reduction in concentration of the surfactants, which in turn reduces the overall efficiency of the oil recovery process, with attendant financial losses. In this work, the adsorption of Quillaja Saponaria (QS), a novel, natural, non-ionic surfactant, on crushed sandstone reservoir rock is investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study of clean sandstone particles has been undertaken to determine the main components present in the sand particles. The conductivity method was used to measure CMC and the surfactant concentrations in aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption experiments were used to determine the amount of QS adsorbed on rock surface. Equilibrium conditions were reached after almost 5 days. From the results of the study, the Langmuir isotherm model is more suited for predicting the adsorption behaviour of QS on sandstone. The kinetic adsorption of QS obeys the pseudo-second order model. This study is particularly relevant in surfactant selection for chemical EOR processes.

关键词： Enhanced Oil Recovery Critical Micelle Concentration Interfacial Tension Adsorption Kinetics Surfactant Saponin

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