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How can Practitioners Support Citizen Volunteers in Disaster Risk Reduction? Insight from “Good and Ready” in Aotearoa New Zealand

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第03期15卷 374-387页

作者： Lo?c Le Dé Steve Ronoh Ei mon Thinn Kyu Brigitte Rive School of Public Health and Interdisciplinary Studies Auckland University of Technology Pacific Health Research Centre Auckland University of Technology New Zealand Red Cross

Global and national policy frameworks emphasize the importance of people's participation and volunteers' role in disaster risk reduction. While research has extensively focused on volunteers in disaster response and recovery, less attention has been paid on how organizations involved in disaster risk management can support volunteers in leading and coordinating communitybased disaster risk reduction. In 2019, the New Zealand Red Cross piloted the Good and Ready initiative in Auckland,Aotearoa New Zealand, with the objective to empower local people in resilience building with a focus on volunteers and community participation. This research examined the positive and negative outcomes of Good and Ready and investigated volunteers' experiences in the disaster resilience initiative. It involved the codesign of a questionnaire-based survey using participatory methods with Good and Ready volunteers, the dissemination of the survey to gather volunteers' viewpoints, and a focus group discussion with participatory activities with Red Cross volunteers. The findings highlight that a key challenge lies in finding a balance between a program that provides flexibility to address contextual issues and fosters communities' ownership, versus a prescriptive and standardized approach that leaves little room for creativity and self-initiative. It pinpoints that supporting volunteers with technical training is critical but that soft skills training such as coordinating, communicating,or facilitating activities at the local level are needed. It concludes that the sustainability of Good and Ready requires understanding and meeting volunteers' motivations and expectations and that enhancing partnerships with local emergency management agencies would strengthen the program.

关键词： Community-based approach Disaster risk reduction New Zealand Participation Volunteers

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A comprehensive look at the psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology of spinal cord injury and its progression: mechanisms and clinical opportunities

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 228-267页

作者： Miguel A.Ortega Oscar Fraile-Martinez Cielo García-montero Sergio Haro Miguel Ángel Álvarez-mon Diego De Leon-Oliva Ana M.Gomez-Lahoz Jorge monserrat Mar Atienza-Pérez David Díaz Elisa Lopez-Dolado Melchor Álvarez-mon Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities University of Alcala28801 Alcala de HenaresSpain Ramón y cajal Institute of Sanitary Research(IRYCIS) 28034 MadridSpain Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor28031 MadridSpain Service of Rehabilitation National Hospital for Paraplegic PatientsCarr.de la PeraledaS/N45004 ToledoSpain Immune System Diseases‑Rheumatology Service and Internal Medicine University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias(CIBEREHD)28806 Alcala de HenaresSpain

Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a devastating and disabling medical condition generally caused by a traumatic event(primary injury).This initial trauma is accompanied by a set of biological mechanisms directed to ameliorate neural damage but also exacerbate initial damage(secondary injury).The alterations that occur in the spinal cord have not only local but also systemic consequences and virtually all organs and tissues of the body incur important changes after SCI,explaining the progression and detrimental consequences related to this ***(PNIE)is a growing area of research aiming to integrate and explore the interactions among the different systems that compose the human organism,considering the mind and the body as a *** initial traumatic event and the consequent neurological disruption trigger immune,endocrine,and multisystem dysfunction,which in turn affect the patient's psyche and *** the present review,we will explore the most important local and systemic consequences of SCI from a PNIE perspective,defining the changes occurring in each system and how all these mechanisms are ***,potential clinical approaches derived from this knowledge will also be collectively presented with the aim to develop integrative therapies to maximize the clinical management of these patients.

关键词： Spinal cord injury(SCI) Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology(PNIE) Secondary injury Immunoinflammatory dysfunction Gut microbiota Translational opportunities

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Understanding the initial use stage of cement mortar lining in drinking water distribution systems:Silicon and aluminum as stability indicators

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 495-505页

作者： Qiaozhi Liu Yuan Zhuang Guiwei Li Yao Zhang Marc A.edwards Baoyou Shi Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA

The cement mortar lining(CML)of commonly used ductile iron pipes can severely deteriorate the drinking water quality at the initial stage of use,but the behavioral characteristics of different elements release from the CML in this stage is still *** this study,dynamic immersion experiments with new cement mortar lined ductile iron pipe reactors were conducted under different feed water hardness and alkalinity *** results showed that the release of alkaline substances from the CML at the initial stage of use could strongly influence the pH of water,which consequently greatly impacted the release/precipitation behaviors of calcium,aluminum and *** pH and aluminum concentration of the effluent water could reach 11.5 and 700μg/L within 24 hr of hydraulic retention time,respectively,under conditions of relatively lower hardness and *** to the pH elevation,calcium carbonate precipitation could occur even at much lower feed water *** the aluminum and silicon could keep release from the CML in soluble form at different hardness and alkalinity levels,and their release rate depended on the amount of calcium carbonate ***,aluminum and silicon were more suitable as indicators of the corrosion intensity at the initial stage of CML use rather than the traditional calcium carbonate precipitation *** feed water hardness and alkalinity levels for mitigating the initial intense corrosion of CML were proposed:hardness>40 mg/L(caCO_(3)),alkalinity>100 mg/L(caCO_(3)).

关键词： Cement mortar lining Hardness Alkalinity Elemental release Drinking water supply

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Learning from Neighbors and Differentiating Export Quality

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China & World Economy 2024年第4期32卷 1-32页

作者： Qiming Liu Bin Qiu Huw edwards Bo Gao School of Economics and Management Southeast UniversityChina Business school Loughborough UniversityUK

This paper explores how learning from neighboring firms affects new exporters' product quality. It builds a Bayesian learning model to study how new exporters revise their prior beliefs about foreign customers' preferences for product quality from neighboring pioneering exporters. The model shows that a new exporter improves its product quality when it receives a positive quality-preference signal from its neighbors. The learning process of a firm depends on the number of neighbors, the level and heterogeneity of their export quality, and its own prior knowledge of the market. Highly disaggregated firm–product–country level transaction data provide robust evidence for this. The results also suggest that the impact of neighboring signals on a new exporter's quality can be channeled through the importation of high-quality intermediate inputs and more fixed investment. Learning effects are heterogeneous across firms and learning can influence other aspects of export performance.

关键词： Bayesian learning export quality information spillovers uncertainty

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Tri-axial accelerometry allows to determine parental food provisioning behaviour in a marine bird

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Avian Research 2024年第3期15卷 345-351页

作者： monserrat Del caño Flavio Quintana Giacomo Dell’Omo Agustina Gómez-Laich Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos(IBIOMAR) CONICETBoulevard Brown 2915U9120ACDPuerto MadrynChubutArgentina Ornis Italica Piazza Crati 1500199RomeItaly Departamento de Ecología Genética y Evolución(EGE)and Instituto de EcologíaGenética y Evolución de Buenos Aires(IEGEBA)CONICETFacultad de CienciasExactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresPabellón II Ciudad UniversitariaC1428EGACiudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina

The study of parental food provisioning is essential for understanding the breeding ecology of *** conducted the first study using accelerometry to detect food provisioning in birds,using Support Vector Machine(SVM)models to identify when adults feed chicks of three different age *** were attached to the head of adult female Imperial Shags(Leucocarbo atriceps),and various attributes derived from the acceleration signals were used to train SVM models for each chick age *** performance improved with chick age class,with SVM models achieving high overall accuracy(>88%)and highest sensitivity in older chick categories(>91%).However,precision values,especially for younger chicks,remained relatively low(between 26%and 45%).The application of a time filter based on the minimum duration of the observed food provisioning behaviours for each chick age category,improved model performance by reducing false provisioning behaviours,particularly in the model for older chicks,which showed the highest precision(72.4%).This study highlights the effectiveness of accelerometry and machine learning in studying parental food provisioning in birds,providing a rapid and accurate data collection method to complement traditional *** described methodology can be applied to any bird species that exhibits distinctive movements while feeding its offspring and has suitable characteristics for attaching an accelerometer to the body part that best captures this ***,it is hoped that the results of this study will contribute to future research on key questions in parental investment theory and reproductive strategies in birds.

关键词： Accelerometry Food provisioning Imperial shag Leucocarbo atriceps Seabird Support vector machine

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Game changer:How Janus kinase inhibitors are reshaping the landscape of ulcerative colitis mana

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第35期30卷 3942-3953页

作者： Antonio M caballero-Mateos Guillermo Arturo cañadas-de la Fuente Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology San Cecilio University HospitalGranada 18014Spain Department of Nursing Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranada 18004Spain

Recent advancements in the treatment landscape of ulcerative colitis(UC)have ushered in a new era of possibilities,particularly with the introduction of Janus kinase(JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription *** novel agents offer a paradigm shift in UC management by targeting key signaling pathways involved in inflammatory *** approved JAK inhibitors(JAKis),such as tofacitinib,filgotinib,and upadacitinib,clinicians now have powerful tools to modulate immune responses and gene expression,potentially revolutionizing the treatment algorithm for *** trials have demonstrated the efficacy of JAKis in inducing and maintaining remission,presenting viable options for patients who have failed conventional ***-world data support the use of JAKis not only as first-line treatments but also in subsequent lines of therapy,particularly in patients with aggressive disease phenotypes or refractory to biologic *** rapid onset of action and potency of JAKis have broadened the possibilities in the management strategies of UC,offering timely relief for patients with active disease and facilitating personalized treatment *** safety concerns,including cardiovascular risks and infections,ongoing research and post-marketing surveillance will continue to refine our understanding of the risk-benefit profile of JAKis in UC management.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Janus kinase inhibitors Filgotinib Tofacitinib Upadacitinib

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缅甸中部印缅山脉-中央盆地的孕震构造环境

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地球物理学报 2024年第9期67卷 3412-3423页

作者：龚萱杨顺任长风 Chit Thet mon 何玉梅姜明明艾印双陈棋福中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所北京100029 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049 广东省地震局中国地震局地震监测与减灾技术重点实验室广州510070 缅甸地质学会缅甸仰光11051

缅甸作为全球受地震灾害影响甚为严重的国家之一,因缺乏区域地震观测资料,对其孕震构造环境的详细分析研究十分不足.本文利用中缅联合地球物理探测(CMGSMO)项目在缅甸布设的密集宽频带地震台阵观测数据,对印缅山脉至中央盆地的地震活动... 详细信息

缅甸作为全球受地震灾害影响甚为严重的国家之一,因缺乏区域地震观测资料,对其孕震构造环境的详细分析研究十分不足.本文利用中缅联合地球物理探测(CMGSMO)项目在缅甸布设的密集宽频带地震台阵观测数据,对印缅山脉至中央盆地的地震活动特征进行了分析.基于改进的剪切-粘贴法(generalized Cut And Paste,gcaP)新获得了28个ML3.0~5.0地震事件的震源机制解等震源参数信息,并结合全球矩心矩张量(Global Centroid Moment Tensor,GCMT)目录及其他已发表的震源机制解资料,应用区域阻尼应力场反演算法得到了研究区的应力分布状态,综合探讨了研究区域深浅部构造关系及孕震机制.研究表明印度板块持续的斜向俯冲控制着印缅山脉和中央盆地的地震活动,但其影响向东逐渐减弱,浅部最大主应力方向的变化可能反映的是局部应力集中或者是相对短时间内的应力调整,不同区域的地震活动差异主要受区域构造及其浅部断层的影响,中央盆地下方的两个邻区之间的最大主应力轴的偏转可能与深部活动相关.

关键词：震源机制解构造应力场俯冲带印缅山脉中央盆地

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Chronic effects of stretching on range of motion with consideration of potential moderating variables:A systematic review with meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 186-194页

作者： Andreas Konrad Shahab Alizadeh Abdolhamid Daneshjoo Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar Andrew Graham Ali Zahiri Reza Goudini Chris edwards carina Scharf David George Behm Institute of Human Movement Science Sport and HealthGraz UniversityGraz A-8010Austria School of Human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNL A1C 5S7Canada Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises Faculty of Sport SciencesShahid Bahonar University of KermanKerman 76169-13439Iran

Background:It is well known that stretch training can induce prolonged increases in joint range of motion(ROM).However,to date more information is needed regarding which training variables might have greater influence on improvements in ***,the purpose of this metaanalysis was to investigate the effects of stretch training on ROM in healthy participants by considering potential moderating variables,such as stretching technique,intensity,duration,frequency,and muscles stretched,as well as sex-specific,age-specific,and/or trained state-specific adaptations to stretch ***:We searched through PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and SportDiscus to find eligible studies and,finally,assessed the results from 77 studies and 186 effect sizes by applying a random-effect ***,by applying a mixed-effect model,we performed the respective subgroup *** find potential relationships between stretch duration or age and effect sizes,we performed a ***:We found a significant overall effect,indicating that stretch training can increase ROM with a moderate effect compared to the controls(effect size=-1.002;Z=-12.074;95%confidence interval:-1.165 to-0.840;pcant difference between the stretching techniques(p=0.01)indicating that proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and static stretching produced greater ROM than did ballistic/dynamic ***,there was a significant effect between the sexes(p=0.04),indicating that females showed higher gains in ROM compared to ***,further moderating analysis showed no significant relation or ***:When the goal is to maximize ROM in the long term,proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation or static stretching,rather than ballistic/dynamic stretching,should be *** to consider in future research as well as sports practice is that neither volume,intensity,nor frequency of stretching were

关键词： Flexibility Long-term stretching Stretch training

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Structural Foundation and Geometry of the Material Singularity (and Its Quantum Entanglement)

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第3期10卷 1095-1137页

作者： Rafael cañete Mesa Independent Researcher Seville Spain

In this paper we develop and study, as the second part of one more general development, the energy transmutation equation for the material singularity, previously obtained through the symmetrisation of a wave packet, that is, we develop the correlation between the terms of this equation, which accounts for the formation of matter from a previous vibrational state, and the different possible energy species. These energetic species are ascribed, in a simplified form, to the equation E¯ω=E¯k+E¯f, which allows us, through its associated phase factor, to gain an insight into the wave character of the kinetic energy and thus to attain the basis of the matter-wave, and all sorts of related phenomenologies, including that concerning quantum entanglement. The formation of the matter was previously identified as an energetic process, analogous to the kinetic one, in which finally the inertial mass is consolidated as a mass in a different phase, now, in addition, the mass of the material singularity is identified as a volumetric density of waves of toroidal geometry created in the process of singularisation or energy transfer between species, which makes it possible to establish the real relation or correspondence between the corpuscular and photonic energy equation (E=mc2=hν), i.e. to explain through m the intimate sense of the first equivalence, which explains what νis in the second one.

关键词： Standard Model Wave-Packet Material Singularity Wave-Particle Dualism Wave Symmetrisation Matter-Wave Energetic Transmutation Quantum Entanglement

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Assessment of CO_(2)storage prospect based on physical properties of Rio Bonito Formation rock units

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 321-330页

作者： Richardson M.Abraham-A Stephanie San Martín cañas Isabella F.S.Miranda Colombo C.G.Tassinari Institute of Energy and Environment(IEE) University of São Paulo(USP)Brazil Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Innovation(RCGI) University of Sãao Paulo(USP)Brazil

The physical properties of the rock units associated with the Rio Bonito Formation are presented in this study with the focus on modelling reservoir quality based on petrophysics-derived parameters to evaluate CO_(2)storage *** involves the modelling of the reservoir depths,thicknesses,flow zone indicators(FZI),and effective permeability(Keff)and presenting the CO_(2)storage efficiency factors peculiar to the rock units of the study *** results presented by this study for the stated objectives are not quite common in the *** values range from 200 mD to higher than 2000 mD,and FZI values are generally above 1.0 mm and up to 13.0 mm within the portions covered by the drilled *** sandstone units recorded are up to 20 m thick in some *** Keff and FZI models indicate the sandstone reservoirs as permeable units to support the injection and circulation of CO_(2)within the potential reservoir units of the Rio Bonio Formation across São Paulo *** from some points in the southeastern part of the study location,where the Rio Bonito are delineated at depths less than 800 m(minimum CO_(2)storage depth based on best practices),other portions are deeper,ranging from 950 m to 3500 ***-bedded layers will affect the integrity of the rocks as CO_(2)storage tanks or reservoir seals/traps/overburden within the *** bed thicknesses are up to 20 m in some ***,hybrid CO_(2)reservoir units are feasible,especially in portions where thin siltstone layers are sandwiched between sandstone units to provide considerable thicknesses based on CO_(2)storage *** current study shows that useable areas considering reservoir thickness,depth,and other physical qualities will significantly control the CO_(2)storage efficiency of the study *** studies featuring a detailed geophysical exploration of the site to confirm the availability and saturations of preexisting fluid(hydrocarbon and water)are encouraged

关键词： Rio Bonito Effective permeability Fluid transmissibility CO_(2)storage prospect Reservoir quality Overburden integrity Flow zones

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