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Deep Learning-based Environmental Sound Classification Using Feature Fusion and Data Enhancement

Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1069-1091页

作者： Rashid Jahangir muhammad Asif Nauman Roobaea Alroobaea Jasem Almotiri muhammad mohsin malik Sabah m.Alzahrani Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadVehari CampusPakistan Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and Technology LahorePakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21974Saudi Arabia

Environmental sound classification(ESC)involves the process of distinguishing an audio stream associated with numerous environmental *** common aspects such as the framework difference,overlapping of different sound events,and the presence of various sound sources during recording make the ESC task much more complicated and *** research is to propose a deep learning model to improve the recognition rate of environmental sounds and reduce the model training time under limited computation *** this research,the performance of transformer and convolutional neural networks(CNN)are *** audio features,chromagram,mel-spectrogram,tonnetz,mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients(mFCCs),delta mFCCs,delta-delta mFCCs and spectral contrast,are extracted fromtheUrbanSound8K,ESC-50,and ESC-10,***,this research also employed three data enhancement methods,namely,white noise,pitch tuning,and time stretch to reduce the risk of overfitting issue due to the limited audio *** evaluation of various experiments demonstrates that the best performance was achieved by the proposed transformer model using seven audio features on enhanced *** UrbanSound8K,ESC-50,and ESC-10,the highest attained accuracies are 0.98,0.94,and 0.97 *** experimental results reveal that the proposed technique can achieve the best performance for ESC problems.

关键词： Environmental sound classification convolutional neural network deep learning transformer data augmentation

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Post-operative visual outcomes based on morphological staging of idiopathic epiretinal membranes on OCT

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第12期15卷 1966-1970页

作者： Sehrish Nizar Ali momin Roha Ahmad Choudhary mARehman Siddiqui Shiraz Hashmi Abdul Sami memon Haroon Tayyab Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences the Aga Khan University HospitalKarachiSindh 74800Pakistan

AIm:To evaluate the recently described optical coherence tomography(OCT)based classification of epiretinal membrane(ERm)and its usefulness in predicting the functional ***:A retrospective observational review of OCT scans of patients with the diagnosis of idiopathic ERm was carried out from January 2016 to June *** consecutive images diagnosed with any stage of idiopathic ERm and fulfilled the eligibility criteria were included in the *** was identified on OCT scans as a thin hyperreflective layer over the inner layers of *** scans of patients with ERm who underwent vitrectomy,were independently staged as per the new classification by two independent retinal surgeons to form a consensus on *** corrected visual acuity(BCVA)in logmAR scale and central subfield thickness(CST)on pre-and post-operative spectral domain OCT scans were the variables noted for all patients at the time of diagnosis and at 6 and 12 mo follow up visit after undergoing *** correlation coefficient was computed between BCVA(logmAR)and CST by ERm stage adjusting by baseline ***:Clinical charts of 74 patients with idiopathic ERm were *** significant improvement in BCVA overtime was observed with significant difference in median visual acuity of patients with StageⅡ-ⅣERm with Pmedian CST of all patients with stageⅡ-ⅣERm showed similar consistent improvement with Pm baseline to 12^(th)*** results showed not only gain in visual acuity but also shift from baseline to anatomical normalization of CST in stageⅡ.We found a decrease in CST with difference of 166μm and 151μm in stageⅢand stageⅣ*** results remained consistent with the hypothesis of improved visual outcomes with all stages of ERm with adjusted moderate linear correlation between visual acuity and CST in stageⅡ-Ⅳ(r>0.3).CONCLUSION:Equally significant visual outcomes of patients with ERm stagedⅡ-Ⅳand therefore can be couns

关键词： optical coherence tomography epiretinal membrane cotton ball sign vitreoschisis vitrectomy

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Technologies Behind the Smart Grid and Internet of Things: A System Survey

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Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5049-5072页

作者： Kuldeep Sharma Arun malik Isha Batra A.S.m.Sanwar Hosen md Abdul Latif Sarker Dong Seog Han Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lovely Professional UniversityPunjabIndia Department of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Woosong UniversityDaejeon34606Korea Center for ICT&Automotive Convergence Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566Korea School of Electronics Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566Korea

Electric smart grids enable a bidirectional flow of electricity and information among power system *** proper monitoring and con-trolling of power quality,reliability,scalability and flexibility,there is a need for an environmentally friendly system that is transparent,sustainable,cost-saving,energy-efficient,agile and *** paper provides an overview of the emerging technologies behind smart grids and the internet of *** dependent variables are identified by analyzing the electricity consumption patterns for optimal utilization and planning preventive maintenance of their legacy assets like power distribution transformers with real-time parameters to ensure an uninterrupted and reliable power *** addition,the paper sorts out challenges in the traditional or legacy electricity grid,power generation,transmission,distribution,and revenue management challenges such as reduc-ing aggregate technical and commercial loss by reforming the existing manual or semi-automatic techniques to fully smart or automatic *** article represents a concise review of research works in creating components of the smart grid like smart metering infrastructure for postpaid as well as in prepaid mode,internal structure comparison of advanced metering methods in present scenarios,and communication systems.

关键词： Electricity consumption bidirectional advanced meter infrastructure energy internet of things smart grid smart meter

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NDm-1 in the Indian environment:hitherto the problem is not disquieting

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2012年第4期5卷 335-336页

作者： mohd Shahid Fatima Khan m Salman Shah Indu Shukla Fatima Shujatullah Haris m Khan Abida malik lqbal m Khan Section of Antimicrobial Agents & Drug Resistance Research and molecular Biology Department of Medical MicrobiologyJawaharlal Nehru Medical College & HospitalAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh-202002Ultar PradeshIndia Department of Community medicine Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College & HospitalAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh-202002Uttar PradeshIndia Section of Antimicrobial Agents & Drug Resistance Research and molecular Biology Department of Medical MicrobiologyJawaharlal Nehru Medical College & HospitalAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh-202002Uttar PradeshIndia

blaNDm-1 is a recently described novel plasmid-mediated resis tance determinant that confes resistance to carbapenems. Bacteria harbouring NDm-1 have been reported from the clinical *** are also reported and warned as impending gut colonist,and recently described from the environment of the capital city of India,indicating the potential as a reservoir for future infections.

关键词： reservoir Indian Bacteria plasmid determinant latter isolates award preventive

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Partial characterization of superoxide dismutase activity in the Barber pole worm-Haemonchus contortus infecting Capra hircus and abomasal tissue extracts

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第9期4卷 718-724页

作者： Sadia Rashid malik Irshadullah Section of Parasitology Department of ZoologyAligarh Muslim University Faculty of Applied medical Sciences Jazan University

Objective:To determine the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in the male and female haematophagous caprine worms,Haemonchus contortus infecting Capra hircus,and their E/S products and also to analyse the effect of Haemonchus infection on the level of host ***:The SOD activity was analysed by using the pyrogallol autoxidation assay and non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by specific enzyme staining by riboflavin-nitroblue tetrazolium ***:The adult females were found to have higher enzyme activity than the male *** amount of SOD activity was also detected in the worm culture medium and female worms secreted more SOD in comparison to the male *** SOD activity was negatively correlated to the worm *** significant decrease in SOD activity(Pmparison to the control non-infected host *** profile of the crude extracts of both the sexes revealed polymorphism and a fast migrating activity band being characteristic of E/S *** SOD activities were found highly sensitive to potassium cyanide indicating the Cu/Zn form of ***:Haemonchus contortus is a key model parasite for drug and vaccine *** presences of SOD activity in appreciable amount in the parasite as well as its E/S products indicate that it has a well-developed active antioxidant system to protect itself from the host immune *** could be the target for vaccine development which is the need of the hour as mass drug administration for parasite control has resulted in anthelmintic resistance across the globe and threatens the viability of sheep and goat industry in many regions of the *** infection with Haemonchus causes a drastic reduction in SOD activity of the host tissue thus effecting its protective *** characteristic SOD band was found in the females which was not present in any other preparations and thus could b

关键词： Superoxide dismutase Haemonchus contortus Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Cu/Zn 3-D densitogram

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Nitrogen fractionation of certain conventional-and lesser-known by-products for ruminants

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第2期3卷 186-190页

作者： m.S.mahesh Sudarshan S.Thakur Rohit Kumar Tariq A.malik Rajkumar Gami Animal Nutrition Division ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University) Division of Animal Nutrition Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology-Jammu NDDB-Ration Balancing Program Office

Dietary proteins for ruminants are fractionated according to solubility, degradability and digestibility. In the present experiment, 11 vegetable protein meals and cakes used in ruminant nutrition were included with a main focus on determining various nitrogen(N) fractions in vitro. Total N(N×6.25) content varied from 22.98%(mahua cake) to 65.16%(maize gluten meal), respectively. Guar meal korma contained the lowest and rice gluten meal had the highest acid detergent insoluble nitrogen(ADIN; N×6.25). Boratephosphate insoluble N(BIN, N×6.25) and Streptomyces griseus protease insoluble N(PIN; N×6.25) were higher(Pmaize gluten meal than in other feeds, whereas groundnut cake and sunflower cake had lower(P mption that ADIN is indigestible, was maximum in guar meal korma and minimum in rice gluten meal. Furthermore, rapid and slowly degradable N(N × 6.25) was found to be higher(P men undegradable protein, expressed as percent of PIN, was maximum in guar meal korma and minimum in rice gluten meal. It was concluded that vegetable protein meals differed considerably in N fractions, and therefore, a selective inclusion of particular ingredient is needed to achieve desired level of N fractions to aid precision N rationing for an improved production performance of ruminants.

关键词： ADIN Protein degradability Soluble protein Streptomyces griseus protease

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Electrical transport properties of V_(2)O_(5)-added Ni-Co-Zn ferrites

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2021年第6期11卷 32-37页

作者： m.Firoz Uddin m.Samir Ullah S.manjura Hoque F.A.Khan A.A.momin Sm.Rubayatul Islam Faizus Salehin m.A.Hakim Department of Physics Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka 1000Bangladesh Department of Glass and Ceramic Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka 1000Bangladesh materials Science Division Atomic Energy CenterDhaka 1000Bangladesh§Department of PhysicsJagannath UniversityDhaka 1100Bangladesh

Frequency-dependent dielectric constant,dielectric loss,AC conductivity values and complex impedance spectra of V_(2)O_(5)-added Ni-Co-Zn ferrites(Ni_(0.62)Co_(0.03)Zn_(0.35)Fe_(2)O_(4)+xV_(2)O_(5),where x=0,0.5,1 and 1.5 wt.%)have been investigated at room *** dielectric properties of the samples follow the maxwell-Wagner polarization *** inverse relationship was found between dielectric constant and AC electrical resistivity for all the *** dielectric constants decreased with the addition of V_(2)O_(5),while the electrical resistivities of V_(2)O_(5)-added Ni-Co-Zn ferrites are found to be larger than that of pure Ni-Co-Zn *** AC conductivity was reduced with the addition of V_(2)O_(5)to Ni-Co-Zn ferrite at lower-frequency ***,AC conductivity shows a sharp increase at higher-frequency region,which could be attributed to the enhancement of electron hopping between the Fe2+and Fe3+ions in the ferrite matrix due to the activity of the *** complex impedance spectroscopy results through Cole-Cole/Nyquist plot have demonstrated a single semicircular *** indicates that conduction mechanism takes place predominantly through the grain/bulk property,which could be ascribed to the larger grain size of V_(2)O_(5)-added Ni-Co-Zn ferrites.

关键词： Dielectric constant electrical resistivity AC conductivity complex impedance Cole-Cole plot

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An Automated System to Predict Popular Cybersecurity News Using Document Embeddings

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第5期127卷 533-547页

作者： Ramsha Saeed Saddaf Rubab Sara Asif malik m.Khan Saeed murtaza Seifedine Kadry Yunyoung Nam muhammad Attique Khan National University of Sciences and Technology IslamabadPakistan Beriut Arab University BeirutLebanon Department of Computer Science and Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsanKorea Hitec University TaxilaPakistan

The substantial competition among the news industries puts editors under the pressure of posting news articleswhich are likely to gain more user attention. Anticipating the popularity of news articles can help the editorial teamsin making decisions about posting a news article. Article similarity extracted from the articles posted within a smallperiod of time is found to be a useful feature in existing popularity prediction approaches. This work proposesa new approach to estimate the popularity of news articles by adding semantics in the article similarity basedapproach of popularity estimation. A semantically enriched model is proposed which estimates news popularity bymeasuring cosine similarity between document embeddings of the news articles. Word2vec model has been used togenerate distributed representations of the news content. In this work, we define popularity as the number of timesa news article is posted on different websites. We collect data from different websites that post news concerning thedomain of cybersecurity and estimate the popularity of cybersecurity news. The proposed approach is comparedwith different models and it is shown that it outperforms the other models.

关键词： Embeddings semantics cosine similarity popularity word2vec

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Changes in free amino acids and polyamine levels in Satsuma leaves in response to Asian citrus psyllid infestation and water stress

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Insect Science 2014年第6期21卷 707-716页

作者： Nasir S. A. malik Jose L. Perez madhurababu Kunta Joseph m. Patt Robert L. mangan USDA-ARS ERRC 600 E Mermaid lane Wyndmoor PA 19038-8598 USDA-ARS SPARC 2881 F&B Road College Station TX 77845 Texas A&m University-Kingsville Citrus Center 312 North International Blvd Weslaeo TX 78596 U. S. Horticultural Research Laboratory 2001 South Rock Road Fort Pierce FL 34945 Subtropical Horticultural Research Station 13601 Old Coulter Road Miami FL 33158 USDA-ARS 2413 E. Hwy 83 Weslaco TX 78596 USA

The effects of biotic and abiotic stresses on changes in amino acids and polyamine levels in Satsuma orange （Citrus unshiu; cultivar Owari） leaves were inves- tigated. Asian citrus psyllids Diaphorina citri （Kuwayama）（ACP） infestation was used to induce biotic stress while a water deficit was imposed to induce abiotic stress. Potted trees were infested by placing 50 psyllids on 3 citrus leaves enclosed in nylon mesh bags for 5 d. A parallel set of plants were kept water stressed by maintaining the soil at 20% water holding capacity for 5 d. Levels of total free amino acids were higher in water stressed and ACP infested leaves. Polyamine putrescine increased in infested leaves but not in water stressed leaves. Proline was the most abundant amino acid and its levels significantly increased by both biotic and abiotic stresses. Proline levels in infested leaves were significantly higher than the water stressed leaves. Histidine, methionine, asparagine, arginine, serine, and leucine levels also increased significantly in infested leaves, but in water stressed leaves only leucine, methionine, and threonine increased. Levels of amino acids, such as tyrosine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, glutamic acid, and alanine, declined in infested leaves. Under water stress asparagine, phenylalanine, serine, and histidine also declined compared to controls. This indicates that while proteolysis occurred under both stresses, metabolic conversion of amino acids was different under the two stresses. In ACP infested leaves some amino acids may be used as feeding material and/or converted into secondary metabolites for defense.

关键词： amino acids citrus Diaphorina citri polyamines

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ABA-mediated Inhibition of Germination Is Related to the Inhibition of Genes Encoding Cell-Wall Biosynthetic and Architecture： modifying Enzymes and Structural Proteins in medicago truncatula Embryo Axis

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molecular Plant 2009年第1期2卷 108-119页

作者： Christine Gimeno-Gilles Eric Lelievre Laure Viau mustafa malik-Ghulam Claudie Ricoult Andreas Niebel Nathalie Leduc Anis m. Limami University of Angers UMR_A 1191 Physiologie Moleculaire des Semences (PMS) 2 Bd Lavoisier F-49045 Angers France UmR 441 CNRs-INRA Laboratoire de Biologie Moleculaire des Relations Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM) Castanet-Tolosan 31326 cedex France University of Angers UMR Sciences Agronomiques Appliques a I'Horticulture (SAGAH) 2 Bd Lavoisier F-49045 Angers France

Radicle emergence and reserves mobilization are two distinct programmes that are thought to control germination. Both programs are influenced by abscissic acid （ABA） but how this hormone controls seed germination is still poorly known. Phenotypic and microscopic observations of the embryo axis of medicago truncatula during germination in mitotic inhibition condition triggered by 10 μm oryzalin showed that cell division was not required to allow radicle emergence. A suppressive subtractive hybridization showed that more than 10% of up-regulated genes in the embryo axis encoded proteins related to cell-wall biosynthesis. The expression of α-expansins, pectin-esterase, xylogucan-endotransglycosidase, cellulose synthase, and extensins was monitored in the embryo axis of seeds germinated on water, constant and transitory ABA. These genes were overexpressed before completion of germination in the control and strongly inhibited by ABA. The expression was re-established in the ABA transitory-treatment after the seeds were transferred back on water and proceeded to germination. This proves these genes as contributors to the completion of germination and strengthen the idea that cell-wall loosening and remodeling in relation to cell expansion in the embryo axis is a determinant feature in germination. Our results also showed that ABA controls germination through the control of radicle emergence, namely by inhibiting cell-wall loosening and expansion.

关键词： ABA cell-wall expansion germination medicago truncatula radicle emergence XET.

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