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Results of the First 10 Cases of Coronary Bypass Surgery in Senegal

World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2024年第4期14卷 45-60页

作者： Papa Amath Diagne Jean Claude Ndiogou Dione Papa Ousmane Ba momar sokhna diop El Hadji Boubacar Ba momar Dioum Marième Soda Mbaye Moussa Seck diop Mory Camara Abdou Lahad Mbengue Abdou Aziz Thiaw Abdoul Khoudoss Diallo Moussa Mareme Samba Dialtabé Ibrahima Guéssé Ba Anta Mbaye Sall Papa Salmaneba Amadou Gabriel Ciss Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery FANN National University Hospital Dakar Senegal

This is a review of the first 10 coronary artery bypass surgeries performed by the local team. The mean age was 62 years old [45 - 74]. The patients were predominantly male, with a M/F ratio of 4:1. Cardiovascular risk factors were mainly myocardial infarction (MI) (60%), hypertension (50%), obesity (40%) and diabetes (30%), with at least two risk factors per patient. Angina was the main symptom (80%). The average time from presentation to surgery was 8 months. The mean Euroscore 2 was 2.92 ± 1.65 [1.33 - 6.60]. Coronary angiography revealed an average of 2 lesions per patient, with 3-vessel involvement in 70% of cases: the Interventricular artery (IVA) (100%), the right coronary artery (90%) and the circumflex artery (70%). On echocardiography, the mean Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 59% [33% - 76%]. All patients underwent median sternotomy with bypass grafting. The average duration of the cardiopulmonary bypass was 150 min [46 - 275 min];that of aortic clamping, 120 min [43 - 232 min]. The grafts used were internal thoracic artery (ITA) in 100% of cases (80% on the left and 20% on the right), and the great saphenous vein (GSV) in 60% of cases (50% on the left and 10 on the right). Double bypass was performed in 60% of cases, single bypass in 30% and triple bypass in 10%. The bypasses were performed on the IVA (100%), the middle lateral of the circumflex (30%) and the bisector (20%). The average time to extubation was 11 hours and the length of stay in the intensive care unit was 7 days [03 - 17 days]. One patient had a reoperation on Day 0 post-op. The average hospital stay was 13 days [06 - 27 days]. Complications occurred in nine of the patients (90%), with a predominance of infectious and neurological complications. Overall operative mortality was 3%, all in intensive care.

关键词： Coronary Bypass Surgery Coronary Lesions Cardiac Surgery Senegal

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Early Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis after Mitral Valve Replacement: A Case Report

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2024年第3期14卷 33-40页

作者： Papa Amath Diagne Mory Camara Papa Ousmane Ba momar sokhna diop Moussa Samba Abdou Lahad Mbengue Jean Claude Ndiogou Dione Myriam Bizrane Marième Soda Mbaye Moussa Seck diop Toudiani Malam Kaka Papa Salmane Ba Papa Adama Dieng Amadou Gabriel Ciss Assane Ndiaye Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Department FANN National University Hospital Dakar Senegal

Background: Tuberculous endocarditis is a rare but serious complication of heart valve replacement surgery. We report the case of a 24-year-old patient, who presented with tuberculous endocarditis after mechanical mitral valve replacement, with a favorable clinical course following anti-tuberculosis treatment. Case Presentation: We report a 24-year-old male patient, admitted to the cardiac surgery department of the Fann Hospital (Dakar, Senegal), for the management of severe mixed (rheumatic and endocarditic) mitral insufficiency with associated tricuspid insufficiency. He had a history of recurrent angina and polyarthralgia in childhood, was hospitalized several times for refractory global cardiac decompensation, and for a suspected infective endocarditis a month before his admission. On admission, the clinical examination revealed signs suggestive of mitral and tricuspid insufficiency. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed severe post-endocarditic mitral insufficiency with A3 amputation, highly mobile 15 mm vegetations on the free edge of the large valve, moderate tricuspid insufficiency, and severe pulmonary artery hypertension. Mechanical mitral valve replacement and tricuspid valve annuloplasty using autologous pericardial strip were performed via median sternotomy. After ten days, the patient presented with global cardiac decompensation associated with a clinico-biological infectious syndrome, and tans-oesophageal echography revealed an abscess at the sinotubular junction, communicating with the aorta. A thoraco-abdomino-pelvic CT scan was done, which revealed a bilateral alveolar-interstitial syndrome with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Anti-tuberculosis treatment with RHZE was initiated for 06 months. The clinical course was favorable. Conclusion: Tuberculous endocarditis in prostheses is a serious complication of heart valve replacement surgery, which may evolve favorably under medical treatment.

关键词： Tuberculous Endocarditis Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

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Atrioventricular Septal Defect with Intact Interatrial Septum. Case Report

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2020年第8期10卷 143-149页

作者： Papa Salmane Ba Yacouba Tamboura momar sokhna diop Papa Amath Diagne Ndeye Fatou Sow Papa Adama Dieng Amadou Gabriel Ciss Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Departement CHU Fann Dakar Senegal

In atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD), anatomical lesions usually are an ostium primum atrio-septal defect;a common atrioventricular valve, an inlet ventricular septal defect (VSD). It is most often associated with major chromosomal abnormalities. It is the most common congenital disease in Down syndrome. Our case was an infant with a Down syndrome who was admitted for a dyspnea (stage 3 in New York Heart Association classification) and tachycardia. The diagnosis was made by a transthoracic echocardiography. It showed a rare variety of atrioventricular septal defect without an atrial septal defect. The child was treated successfully with one patch technic and no recurrence was noted.

关键词： AVSD VSD Dyspnea Transthoracic Echocardiography Patch

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Surgical Treatment of Tetralogy of Fallot with Pulmonary Valve Agenesis in a 22 Years Old Patient

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2021年第4期11卷 29-36页

作者： Papa Salmane Ba Kabulo Yannick momar sokhna diop Papa Amath Diagne Ndeye Fatou Sow Papa Adama Dieng Amadou Gabriel Ciss Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Department CHU Fann Dakar Senegal

Agenesis of pulmonary valve is a rare variant and severe form of Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF). The evolution is usually marked by respiratory and cardiac failure at early age, which needs early surgical correction. Uncorrected treatment of Tetralogy of Fallot diagnosed at adult age is infrequent and only few studies have been described. We present here a rare case of a 22 years old patient who presented with dyspnea since childhood. Subsequent investigations allowed diagnosis of treatment of Tetralogy of Fallot with agenesis of the pulmonary valve. Following the assessment, the patient underwent a surgical repair and the recovery was uneventful. The management of treatment of Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary valve agenesis in adult period remains complex, requiring different surgical techniques.

关键词： Tetralogy of Fallot Pulmonary Valve Agenesis Adult Surgical Repair

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Sclerotherapy for Varicose Veins of the Lower Limbs

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2020年第2期10卷 19-23页

作者： Papa Adama Dieng Magaye Gaye Ndeye Fatou Sow Modibo Doumbia Souleymane Diatta momar sokhna diop Papa Amath Diagne Amadou Gabriel Ciss Cardiovascular Center at Fann University Hospital Dakar Senegal

Summary: The diagnosis of venous insufficiency is increasing. Multiple techniques are available for its treatment. Chemical sclerotherapy has been performed for over 70 years. The technique improves lately. Objective: This study was conducted to assess early results of foam sclerotherapy in Senegal. Patients and Methods: This is a prospective and descriptive study conducted from January 1st, 2012 to December 31st, 2015 at cardiovascular center of Fann University hospital in Dakar, Senegal. Foam sclerotherapy was done in 76 patients. Polidocanol was used in concentration of 2%. Sclerotherapy was done several times in patients, every week, as much as needed to occlude varicose veins. We used venous compression in all patients. Results: Foam sclerotherapy sessions permitted to get globally good results. In fact, tight feeling and painful leg disappear in 97% of patients. Decreases of edema were gotten in 97% of patients. For leg ulcer, 64% of complete healing was obtained. The main ulcer healing time was 47 days (18;72). Some minor complications occurred. No major events, such as deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, were observed. Conclusion: Foam sclerotherapy is an efficient technique for the treatment of varicose veins of the limbs. Also, it opens good perspectives for vein care.

关键词： Sclerotherapy Polidocanol Varicose Vein

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Indications and Results of Repair of the Rhumatismal Valve in Children in Senegal concerning 63 Cases

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2020年第5期10卷 51-58页

作者： momar sokhna diop Papa Amath Diagne Ndeye Fatou Sow Papa Salmane Ba Magaye Gaye Pape Ousmane Ba Souleymane Diatta Moussa Seck diop Mareme Soda Mbaye Pape Adama Dieng Amadou Gabriel Ciss Assane Ndiaye Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Sénégal

In Africa, acute rheumatic fever is endemic. Cardiac involvement is one of the most common complications in the form of valvular heart disease representing all damages to the heart valves. It is in this perspective that we realized this study whose general objective was to evaluate the results of mitral repair surgery in children in Senegal and the specific objective was to state the indications for mitral repair surgery and assess the results in terms of morbidity and mortality. This is a retrospective and analytical monocentric study, in the thoracic and cardiovascular surgery department of FANN National University Hospital Center in Dakar. It took place over a period of 30 months. All the patients who underwent mitral surgery, aged less than 18 years were included. The total number of patients was 63, including 39 girls and 24 boys, a sex ratio of 0.62. The average age at the time of the surgery was 12 years old [5 - 17]. The functional symptomatology was dominated by the dyspnea found in all the patients. Cardiac ultrasound was diagnosed with mitral regurgitation in all patients. For all surgical procedures, the approach was a vertical midline sternotomy. The mitral valve was approached by left atriotomy in 40 patients (63.5%) and by transseptal way in 23 patients. All patients had undergone mitral valve repair associated or not with either aortic valve repair in 9 patients (14.2%), aortic valve replacement in 3 patients (4.8%), or one tricuspid valve repair in 31 patients (49%). The average duration of intubation was 6 hours [2 - 52]. The average length of stay in intensive care was 2 days. Postoperative complications have been observed. Surgery was performed in 10 patients with 3 mitral valve replacements, 2 aortic valve replacements, a double mitral and an aortic valve replacement associated with a tricuspid repair and in 4 cases a perfection of their mitral repair. Early and late surgical mortality was zero. The average follow-up time for our patients was 9

关键词： Mitral Valve Repair Acute Rheumatic Fever Senegal

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From Fostering to Delusional Disorder of Filiation

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 283-286页

作者： momar Camara Wissem Masmoudi El Hadji Makhtar Ba sokhna Seck Maïmouna Dieye Aïda Sylla Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Thiaroye National Psychiatric Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Fann National University Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Albert Royer Childrens Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Fostering is a widespread practice in West Africa. It played an essential role in the circulation of children. The failure of its community regulation, not compensated by a legal framework, has made its practice precarious. Observation: A case study was conducted on Dior, who was hospitalised in a psychiatric ward for a delusional disorder of filiation. Dior was entrusted to her maternal grandmother and aunt at ages 2 and 9. During these fosterings, the place of the symbolic father was not substituted, causing a void that challenged her imagination. The outcome was an inscription in a genealogy where she had found herself with prestigious parents. Discussion: Fostering has strongly disrupted the family dynamics in Dior’s case. One of her options was to assume the paternal function, the use of which was perceived as a defiance or even a transgression. This same function would be a starting point of a psychosis whose filial character would only be an attempt at rectification where reality and imagination collide. Conclusion: Our study reveals the importance of stable parental figures at stake in fostering contexts, which constitute a risk factor for the development of a subsequent psychosis.

关键词： Delusional Disorder of Filiation Psychopathology Interactions Fostering Family

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Identification of Antioxidant Additives in Food Products Sold in Dakar Markets

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 51-62页

作者： Alé Kane Papa Amadou Diakhaté sokhna Ndao Modou Dieng Mady Cisse Amadou diop Laboratory of Biological Agronomic and Food Sciences and Complex Systems Modelling (LABAAM) University Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal UFR of Agronomic Sciences Aquaculture and Food Technology (UFR S2ATA) UGB Saint-Louis Senegal Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology Laboratory University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Biology University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal

The use of food additives in industrial production has the advantage of improving sensory properties, technological quality and extending the shelf life of foods. Among the most widely used additives are antioxidants, which prevent oxidation, browning and rancidity reactions in foods. However, the strong presence of these additives on the market is not without risks for human health, and should be controlled to guarantee food safety. Analysis of the risks associated with consumption of foods containing these additives requires, among other things, information on the frequency of use of these additives in various consumer products. The aim of this study is therefore to identify the antioxidants present in industrial food products distributed in Dakar. The methodology adopted consists of a qualitative analysis based on the identification of additives from food labels. Investigations were carried out in 9 stores, 4 superettes and 2 supermarkets located in different districts of Dakar. The results revealed the presence of 12 antioxidant additives, dominated by citric acid (53%) and ascorbic acid (29%). These studies have also highlighted the simultaneous use of several antioxidants in the same food product. Moreover, for some artificial antioxidants identified antioxydant such as BHA and BHT, health risks are associated with their consumption. The results of this study open up prospects for the development of information databases on food additives.

关键词： Additives Antioxidant Food Products Market Risk

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Giant Cerebriform Nevus Cell Nevus of the Scalp: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2024年第1期14卷 8-13页

作者： Mohamed El Hassimi Cissé N’daraw Ndoye Anne Aurore Sankale Pauline Diousse Abdoulaye diop Alvine Nah Doe Sagar diop momar Codé Ba Seydou Boubakar Badiane Neurosurgery Department of CHU Mère-Enfant “Le Luxembourg” Bamako Mali Neurosurgery Department of CHNU de Fann Dakar Sénégal Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Department of CHU Le Dantec Dakar Sénégal Dermatology Department of Thiès Regional Hospital Thiès Sénégal

Giant cerebriform nevus cell nevus of the scalp is an extremely rare form of congenital melanocytic nevus. Giant cerebriform nevus of the scalp has a major psychosocial impact because of its unsightly appearance with fetid maceration. We report the case of a 35-year-old woman who had a painless, malodorous swelling of the cerebriform scalp measuring 20 × 17 cm in diameter with a wide base of insertion at the occipital level adhering to the deep planes. The excision associated with a skin plasty was carried out. Histology concluded that there was a giant cerebriform naevo-cellular nevus of the scalp.

关键词： Giant Nevus Tumor of the Scalp Resection

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Postpartum Depression: A Study Conducted in Health Centres in Dakar (Senegal)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 45-66页

作者： sokhna Seck momar Camara Racky Wade Kane Djeynaba Bassine Baldé El Hadj Makhtar Bâ Adama Koundoul Idrissa Bâ Ibrahima Ndiaye Papa Lamine Faye Aida Sylla Service de psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire de Fann Dakar Sénégal

Introduction: Postpartum depression is the most common psychiatric disorder affecting women in the perinatal period. According to the WHO, it affects 10% - 15% of women who have just given birth. In Africa, and particularly in Senegal, epidemiological studies focusing exclusively on postpartum depression are rare or non-existent. For this reason, we conducted this screening study on postpartum depression to assess the socio-demographic characteristics and associated factors. Methods: This was a prospective cross- sectional study with descriptive and analytical aims. It was carried out in the twelve Dakar referral health centres during the period August 2021 to June 2022. Results: At the end of our survey we had recruited one hundred and twenty-two (122) participants with a PPD prevalence rate of 25.41%. The most common age group was 24 - 29 years. 40% of the participants were of Fulani ethnicity, followed by Wolof. Married women made up 93% of the sample. The school enrolment rate was 89%. Most participants were not in paid employment. Domestic violence was present in 14% of couples. 28% of mothers reported experiencing a stressful life event during their pregnancy. 22% of the women had a chronic medical condition, of which 55% had high blood pressure. 1% of the women reported a personal psychiatric history and 5% a family psychiatric history. Most women had between two and four healthy living children. The pregnancy was unwanted in 17% of cases and 12% of participants had a complication. 6% were dissatisfied with the quality of their antenatal care. The caesarean section rate was 18%. In terms of associated factors, eight factors were identified in a bivariate analysis: single marital status, lack of support from partner, domestic violence, conflict with in-laws, and the occurrence of a stressful life event during pregnancy, the presence of a personal medical history, lack of satisfaction with pregnancy follow-up, and mode of delivery by caesarean section. Conclusi

关键词： Postpartum Depression Prevalence Associated Factors Senegal

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