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Ultrafast laser surface wettability modification on alumina surface

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Chinese Optics Letters 2013年第2期11卷 62-64页

作者：沈一愚刘顿张伟 Geoff Dearden Ken watkins Laser Group Department of EngineeringUniversity of LiverpoolBrodie BuildingLiverpool L69 3GQUK Shanghai Key Lab for Laser Micro-Processing Shanghai Institute of Laser Technology Shanghai Key Lab of Laser Beam Micro-Processing

As a new research area, laser surface wettability modification brings new applications for both laser and materials for industry. The picoseconds （10 ps） pulse laser surface micro-processing over alumina covered aluminium is researched. In the experiment, lO-ps laser pulse is employed and the energy threshold for different laser wavelength and repetition rate is measured. At the repetition rate of 5 kHz, the energy thresholds are： 1064 nm： 4.0 μJ/pulse, 532 nm： 2.8 μJ/pulse, and 355 nm： 4.2 #J/pulse. Picoseconds pulse laser is demonstrated feasible in surface scanning at industrial level.

关键词： Alumina Ultrafast lasers Wetting

Meta-analysis of the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)treatment on climacteric fruit ripening

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 53-68页

作者： Jing Zhang Yuanchun Ma Chao Dong Leon A.Terry Christopher B.watkins Zhifang Yu Zong-Ming(Max)Cheng College of Horticulture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina Plant Science Laboratory Cranfield UniversityBedfordshireUK School of Integrative of Plant Science College of Agriculture and Plant SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina Department of Plant Sciences University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology Forestry and Fruit Tree Research InstituteShanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghaiChina

1-Methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)is an inhibitor of ethylene perception that is widely used to maintain the quality of several climacteric fruits during storage.A large body of literature now exists on the effects of 1-MCP on climacteric fruit ripening for different species and environmental conditions,presenting an opportunity to use meta-analysis to systematically dissect these *** classified 44 ripening indicators of climacteric fruits into five categories:physiology and biochemistry,quality,enzyme activity,color,and ***-analysis showed that 1-MCP treatment reduced 20 of the 44 indicators by a minimum of 22%and increased 6 indicators by at least 20%.These effects were associated with positive effects on delaying ripening and maintaining *** the seven moderating variables,species,1-MCP concentration,storage temperature and time had substantial impacts on the responses of fruit to 1-MCP *** from different species varied in their responses to 1-MCP,with the most pronounced responses observed in rosaceous fruits,especially apple,European pear fruits,and tropical *** effect of gaseous 1-MCP was optimal at 1μl/l,with a treatment time of 12–24 h,when the storage temperature was 0℃for temperate fruits or 20℃for tropical fruits,and when the shelf temperature was 20℃,reflecting the majority of experimental *** findings will help improve the efficacy of 1-MCP application during the storage of climacteric fruits,reduce fruit quality losses and increase commercial value.

关键词： treatment analysis maintain

Heavy metals leaching in bottom ash and fly ash fractions from industrial-scale BFB-boiler for environmental risks assessment

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2016年第1期26卷 256-264页

作者： Risto POYKIO Mikko MAKELA Gary watkins Hannu NURMESNIEMI OUi DAHL Department of Environmental Protection City ofKemiValtakatu 26FI-94100 KemiFinland Division of Biomass Technology and Chemistry Department of Forest Biomaterials and TechnologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesP.O.Box SLUSE-90183 UmehSweden Department of Environmental Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology4259 Nagatsuta-choMidori-kuYokohama 226-8502Japan Department of Forest Products Technology School of Chemical TechnologyAalto UniversityP.O.Box 16400FI-00076 AaltoFinland Department of Environmental Protection Stora Enso OyjVeitsiluoto MillFI-94800 KemiFinland

The bottom ash and fly ash from the co-combustion of wood residues and peat at a bubbling fluidised bed boiler（296 MW） contained only quartz（SiO_2）, microcline（KAl Si_3O_8） and albite（NaAlSi_3O_8）. Thus, X-ray powder diffraction（XRD） was not useful for clarifying the difference in the release of associated heavy metals from ash matrices. In order to assess the release of heavy metals from ashes under changing environmental conditions, they were sequentially extracted and fractionated by the BCR-procedure into acid soluble/exchangeable（CH_3COOH）, reducible（NH_2OH-HCl） and oxidizable（H_2O_2/CH_3COONH_4） phases. The CH_3 COOH extractable fraction in conjunction with the total heavy metals concentrations were used to calculate the risk assessment code values for heavy metals leaching from the ash matrix. The leaching studies indicate that the heavy metals in the bottom ash and fly ash are bound to different fractions with different strengths. From the environmental and utilization perspectives, heavy metals in ashes posed different levels of environmental contamination risk. Only As in the bottom ash posed a very high risk. High risk metals were Cd in the bottom ash as well as As, Cd and Se in the fly ash.

关键词： bottom ash fly ash BCR extraction heavy metals risk assessment code

Self-assembled polymer templates for nano-scale devices on Si wafer and roll-to-roll processing platforms

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Self-assembled polymer templates for nano-scale devices on S...

Total pancreatectomy with islet cell transplantation vs intrathecal narcotic pump infusion for pain control in chronic pancreatitis

第五届中美化学工程学术会议

作者： James watkins University of Massachusetts USA

＜正＞The fabrication of nanotechnology enabled devices requires not only the creation and functionalization of well defined nanostructures,but also practical routes for the two and three dimensional integration of these structures with components and systems across multiple length *** for the use of self-assembled block copolymer templates to achieve these goals for sub-10 run elements using either Si wafer or roll to roll processing platforms will be discussed.

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第16期22卷 4160-4167页

作者： Mohamad Mokadem Lama Noureddine Thomas Howard Lee Mc Henry Stuart Sherman Evan L Fogel James L watkins Glen A Lehman Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa IA 52242 United States Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa IA 52242 United States Community Health Network Indianapolis IN 46219 United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University Medical Center Indianapolis IN 46202 United States

AIM: To evaluate pain control in chronic pancreatitis patients who underwent total pancreatectomy with islet cell transplantation or intrathecal narcotic pump ***: We recognized 13 patients who underwent intrathecal narcotic pump(ITNP) infusion and 57 patients who underwent total pancreatectomy with autologous islet cell transplantation(TP + ICT) for chronic pancreatitis(CP) pain control between 1998 and 2008 at Indiana University Hospital. All patients had already failed multiple other modalities for pain control and the decision to proceed with either intervention was made at the discretion of the patients and their treating physicians. All patients were evaluated retrospectively using a questionnaire inquiring about their pain control(using a 0-10 pain scale), daily narcotic dose usage, and hospital admission days for pain control before each intervention and during their last follow-up. RESULTS: All 13 ITNP patients and 30 available TP + ICT patients were evaluated. The mean age was approximately 40 years in both groups. The median duration of pain before intervention was 6 years and 7 years in the ITNP and TP + ICT groups, respectively. The median pain score dropped from 8 to 2.5(on a scale of 0-10) in both groups on their last follow up. The median daily dose of narcotics also decreased from 393 mg equivalent of morphine sulfate to 8 mg in the ITNP group and from 300 mg to 40 mg in the TP + ICT group. No patient had diabetes mellitus(DM) before either procedure whereas 85% of those who underwent pancreatectomy were insulin dependent on their last evaluation despite ICT. CONCLUSION: ITNP and TP + ICT are comparable for pain control in patients with CP however with high incidence of DM among those who underwent TP + ICT. Prospective comparative studies and longer follow up are needed to better define treatment outcomes.

关键词： Chronic pancreatitis Intractable pain Total pancreatectomy Islet cell transplantation Intrathecal narcotic pump infusion

East Meets West-A Visit to the Tibetology Research Center,Museum of Tibetan Culture and the Tibetan Medical Hospital Beijing

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China's Tibet 2016年第3期27卷 55-57页

作者： Roy watkins Marina Mozzato

Although I have been working as a Traditional Chinese Acupuncturist for the past 30 years,I have never visited China until *** December 15th 2015,I arrived in *** English newspapers had been full of how Beijing is suffering from deadly *** my surprise I emerge from my Air China flight into cold but brilliant sunshine and a clear blue sky,the clear weather lasted

关键词：北京中西合璧藏族文化博物馆医学院西藏航空飞行中国

Changes in iron transporter divalent metal transporter 1 in proximal jejunum after gastric bypass

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第21期20卷 6534-6540页

作者： Andrés Marambio Guillermo watkins Fabiola Castro Andrea Riffo Roberta Zú?iga Jaime Jans María E Villanueva Guillermo Díaz Department of Surgery University of Chile Clinical HospitalSantiago 8380456Chile Department of Gastroenterology Chilean Air Force Clinical HospitalSantiago 7560171Chile Department of Pharmacological and Toxicological Chemistry University of Chile Chemistry and Pharmacy FacultySantiago 8380492Chile Pathology Service University of Chile Clinical HospitalSantiago 8380456Chile

AIM: To describe the variation that divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) shows in patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.

关键词： Roux-en-Y gastric bypass Bariatric surgery Divalent metal transporter 1 Anaemia Iron

Activating interactions of sulfanilamides with T cell receptors

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Open Journal of Immunology 2013年第3期3卷 139-157页

作者： Stephan watkins Werner J. Pichler Department of Graduate Cell Biology and Biomedical Sciences University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Rheumatology Clinical Immunology and Allergology Inselspital/University Hospital of Bern Bern Switzerland

Activation and expansion of drug reactive T cells are key features in drug hypersensitivity reactions. Drugs may interact directly with immune receptors such as the human leukocyte antigens (HLA) or the T-cell receptors (TCR) itself, the pharmacological interaction [p-i] concept. To analyze whether the drug sulfamethoxazole (SMX) interacts directly with the TCR and thereby contributing to signaling and T cell activation, we analyze two SMX specific T cell clones (TCC “1.3”and “H13”). Proliferation to SMX and 11 related sulfanilamides, Ca++ influx in drug stimulated T-cells and the inhibitory effect of non-reactive sulfanilamides on SMX stimulation were analyzed. In silico docking of SMX and related sulfanilamide to the TCR were used to identify possible drug binding sites, and correlated to in vitro data to find the correct docking. In Ca++ influx assays, reactions occurred as early as 14 sec after adding SMX to TCC and APC. The broadly reactive clone (“H13”) was stimulated by 5 additional sulfanilamide, while one TCC (“1.3”) was reactive exclusively with SMX but not other sulfanilamides. Competition experiments with sulfanilamide inhibited SMX induced Ca++ influx and proliferation of the TCC1.3 ina dose dependent way. Docking experiments with SMX and related sulfanilamides confirmed and explained the in vitro data as docking localized binding sites for SMX and the 5 stimulating sulfanilamides on the CDR2β domain of the clone H13, while the 6 non-stimulatory SA failed to bind. In TCC 1.3, SMX could be docked on the CDR3α of the TCR. The other, non-stimulatory but inhibitory SA could also be docked to the same site. The combined analysis of in vitro and in silico data show that sulfanilamide can bind directly to TCRs. It shows that TCR, like other receptors, appear to be reamenable to manipulations by small molecules.

关键词： p-i Concept Drug Hypersensitivity Sulfamethoxazole TCR Signaling TCR Specificity TCR-Modelling T Cell Clones

The leaf senescence-promoting transcription factor AtNAP activates its direct target gene CYTOKININ OXIDASE 3 to facilitate senescence processes by degrading cytokinins

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Molecular Horticulture 2021年第1期1卷 60-71页

作者： Youzhen Hu Bin Liu Huazhong Ren Liping Chen Christopher B.watkins Su-Sheng Gan Plant Biology Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNew York 14853USA Current address:College of Food Science Shihezi UniversityXinjiang 832000China College of Horticulture China Agriculture UniversityBeijing 100193China Current address:Department of Plant Genomics Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics(CRAG)CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UBBellaterraSpain College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Horticulture Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNew York 14853USA

Cytokinins(CKs)are a class of adenine-derived plant hormones that plays pervasive roles in plant growth and development including cell division,morphogenesis,lateral bud outgrowth,leaf expansion and *** as a“fountain of youth”prolongs leaf longevity by inhibiting leaf senescence,and therefore must be catabolized for senescence to ***,a senescence-specific transcription factor has a key role in promoting leaf *** role of AtNAP in regulating CK catabolism is *** we report the identification and characterization of AtNAP-AtCKX3(cytokinin oxidase 3)module by which CKs are catabolized during leaf senescence in *** AtNAP,AtCKX3 is highly upregulated during leaf *** AtNAP is chemically induced AtCKX3 is co-induced;and when AtNAP is knocked out,the expression of AtCKX3 is *** physically binds to the cis element of the AtCKX3 promoter to direct its expression as revealed by yeast one-hybrid assays and in planta *** of the atckx3 knockout lines have higher CK concentrations and a delayed senescence phenotype compared with those of *** contrast,leaves with inducible expression of AtCKX3 have lower CK concentrations and exhibit a precocious senescence phenotype compared with *** research reveals that AtNAP transcription factor˗AtCKX3 module regulates leaf senescence by connecting two antagonist plant hormones abscisic acid and CKs.

关键词： ABA ABA-cytokinin crosstalk Aging Arabidopsis Cytokinin metabolism Leaf longevity Plant hormone Senescence-associated genes(SAGs)