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Disinfection of dairy wastewater effluent through solar photocatalysis processes

Water Science and Engineering 2018年第3期11卷 214-219页

作者： mojtaba Afsharnia mojtaba kianmehr Hamed Biglari Abdollah Dargahi Abdolreza Karimi Faculty of Health Gonabad University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine Gonabad University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Health Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Faculty of Engineering Qom University of Technology

Due to the strict regulations and reuse policies that govern wastewater's use as an irrigation water resource for agricultural purposes, especially in dry climates, optimization of the disinfection process is of the utmost importance. The effects of solar radiation along with Titanium dioxide(TiO_2) nanoparticles applied to optimization of the photolysis and photocatalysis processes for inactivating heterotrophic bacteria were investigated. Temperature, p H, and dissolved oxygen fluctuations in the dairy wastewater effluent treated by activated sludge were examined. In addition,different dosages of TiO_2 were tested in the solar photocatalysis(ph-C S) and concentrated solar photocatalysis(ph-C CS) processes. The results show that the disinfection efficiencies of the solar photolysis(ph-L S) and concentrated solar photolysis(ph-L CS) processes after 30 min were about 10.5% and 68.9%, respectively, and that the ph-C S and ph-C CS processes inactivated 41% and 97% of the heterotrophic bacteria after 30 min, respectively. The p H variation in these processes was negligible. Using the ph-L CS and ph-C CS processes, the synergistic effect between the optical and thermal inactivation caused complete disinfection after three hours. However, disinfection was faster in the ph-C CS process than in the ph-L CS process. Significant correlations were found between the disinfection efficiency and the variation of the dissolved oxygen concentration in the ph-C S and ph-C CS processes, while the correlations between the disinfection efficiency and temperature variation were not significant in the ph-L S and ph-C S processes. Moreover, the oxygen consumption rate was greatest(3.2 mg··L^(-1)) in the ph-C CS process. Hence,it could be concluded that the ph-C CS process is an efficient photocatalysis process for disinfection of dairy wastewater effluent.

关键词： Dairy wastewater Disinfection Photocatalyst Solar Photolysis and photocatalysis TiO2

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Influence of indoor airflow on airborne disease transmission in a classroom

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 355-370页

作者： mojtaba Zabihi Ri Li Joshua Brinkerhoff School of Engineering Faculty of Applied ScienceUniversity of British ColumbiaKelownaCanada

It has been widely accepted that the most effective way to mitigate airborne disease transmission in an indoor space is to increase the ventilation airflow,measured in air change per hour(ACH).However,increasing ACH did not effectively prevent the spread of COVID-19.To better understand the role of ACH and airflow large-scale patterns,a comprehensive fully transient computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulation of two-phase flows based on a discrete phase model(DPM)was performed in a university classroom setting with people present.The investigations encompass various particle sizes,ventilation layouts,and flow rates.The findings demonstrated that the particle size threshold at which particles are deemed airborne is highly influenced by the background flow strength and large-scale flow pattern,ranging from 5µm to 10µm in the cases investigated.The effects of occupants are significant and must be precisely accounted for in respiratory particle transport studies.An enhanced ventilation design(UFAD-CDR)for university classrooms is introduced that places a premium on mitigating airborne disease spread.Compared to the baseline design at the same ACH,this design successfully reduced the maximum number density of respiratory particles by up to 85%.A novel airflow-related parameter,Horizontality,is introduced to quantify and connect the large-scale airflow pattern with indoor aerosol transport.This underscores that ACH alone cannot ensure or regulate air quality.In addition to the necessary ACH for air exchange,minimizing horizontal bulk motion is essential for reducing aerosol transmissibility within the room.

关键词： aerosol transmission airflow pattern horizontality COVID-19 simulation classroom ventilation

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Exergy Analysis of Charge and Discharge Processes of Thermal Energy Storage System with Various Phase Change Materials:A Comprehensive Comparison

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 509-521页

作者： mojtaba TAHERI Fathollah POURFAYAZ Roghayeh HABIBI Akbar MALEKI Department of Renewable Energies and Environment Faculty of New Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of TehranTehran***Iran Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Shahrood University of TechnologyShahrood***Iran

Thermal energy storage(TES) is of great importance in solving the mismatch between energy production and consumption.In this regard,choosing type of Phase Change Materials(PCMs) which are widely used to control heat in latent thermal energy storage systems,plays a vital role as a means of TES efficiency.However,this field suffers from lack of a comprehensive investigation on the impact of various PCMs in terms of exergy.To address this issue,in this study,in addition to indicating the melting temperature and latent heat of various PCMs,the exergy destruction and exergy efficiency of each material are estimated and compared with each other.Moreover,in the present work the impact of PCMs mass and ambient temperature on the exergy efficiency is evaluated.The results proved that higher latent heat does not necessarily lead to higher exergy efficiency.Furthermore,to obtain a suitable exergy efficiency,the specific heat capacity and melting temperature of the PCMs must also be considered.According to the results,LiF-CaF_(2)(80.5%:19.5%,mass ratio) mixture led to better performance with satisfactory exergy efficiency(98.84%) and notably lower required mass compared to other PCMs.Additionally,the highest and lowest exergy destruction are belonged to GR25 and LiF-CaF_(2)(80.5:19.5) mixture,respectively.

关键词： exergy analysis phase change materials thermal energy storage exergy efficiency

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Circulating levels of advanced glycation end products in females with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis

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生殖与发育医学(英文) 2024年第2期8卷 93-100页

作者： Bahreiny Seyed Sobhan Ahangarpour Akram Aghaei mojtaba Student Research Committee Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute Physiology Research Center Department of Physiology School of Medicine Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz Iran

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by a hormonal imbalance that affects females of reproductive age. The association between advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and PCOS has attracted considerable attention in recent years, highlighting the potential of AGEs as biomarkers for this disorder. In the present systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to examine the association between AGEs and PCOS, evaluate their potential as biomarkers, and improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of PCOS and its associated metabolic complications. A literature search was performed using various databases from January 2000 to March 2023 to identify relevant studies investigating the association between AGEs and PCOS. Pooled effect estimates were calculated using standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sub-group and meta-regression analyses were performed to examine potential sources of heterogeneity. The meta-analysis included six studies with a total of 623 participants. Our results revealed a significant increase in circulating AGE levels in females with PCOS compared to healthy females (SMD = 2.35; 95%CI: 1.10-3.60;P <0.001). Significant heterogeneity was observed between the studies (I2 = 96.37%;P <0.001), indicating the presence of several factors influencing the association. Sub-group analyses based on body mass index, age, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance indicated differential effects of AGEs on specific sub-groups. This systematic review and meta-analysis support the association between elevated AGE levels and PCOS, thereby suggesting the potential role of AGEs as biomarkers in PCOS.

关键词： Polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS Advanced glycation end products AGEs Biomarker Meta-analysis

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Geyser Inspired Algorithm:A New Geological-inspired Meta-heuristic for Real-parameter and Constrained Engineering Optimization

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 374-408页

作者： mojtaba Ghasemi Mohsen Zare Amir Zahedi Mohammad-Amin Akbari Seyedali Mirjalili Laith Abualigah Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Shiraz University of TechnologyShirazIran Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringJahrom UniversityJahromFrasIran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University ofCyprusNicosiaCyprus Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research and Optimisation Torrens University AustraliaBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia University Research and Innovation Center Obuda University1034 BudapestHungary Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American UniversityByblos 13-5053Lebanon Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al-Ahliyya Amman UniversityAmman 19328Jordan MEU Research Unit Middle East UniversityAmman 11831Jordan Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman 11931Jordan

Over the past years,many efforts have been accomplished to achieve fast and accurate meta-heuristic algorithms to optimize a variety of real-world problems.This study presents a new optimization method based on an unusual geological phenomenon in nature,named Geyser inspired Algorithm(GEA).The mathematical modeling of this geological phenomenon is carried out to have a better understanding of the optimization process.The efficiency and accuracy of GEA are verified using statistical examination and convergence rate comparison on numerous CEC 2005,CEC 2014,CEC 2017,and real-parameter benchmark functions.Moreover,GEA has been applied to several real-parameter engineering optimization problems to evaluate its effectiveness.In addition,to demonstrate the applicability and robustness of GEA,a comprehensive investigation is performed for a fair comparison with other standard optimization methods.The results demonstrate that GEA is noticeably prosperous in reaching the optimal solutions with a high convergence rate in comparison with other well-known nature-inspired algorithms,including ABC,BBO,PSO,and RCGA.Note that the source code of the GEA is publicly available at https://***/projects/gea.

关键词： Nature-inspired algorithms Real-world and engineering optimization Mathematical modeling Geyser algorithm(GEA)

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应用欧拉-拉格朗日方法分析动脉粥样硬化性颈动脉血流的流-固相互作用

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第1期31卷 151-168页

作者： Majid SIAVASHI Ava BINA mojtaba SAYADNEJAD Borhan BEIGZADEH Applied Multi-Phase Fluid Dynamics Lab. School of Mechanical EngineeringIran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran Biomechatronics and Cognitive Engineering Research Lab. School of Mechanical EngineeringIran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran

本研究旨在模拟不同狭窄程度和脉搏率的颈动脉搏动血流。采用流-固耦合(FSI)和任意拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)方法研究了不同狭窄程度、脉搏率和动脉壁性质对周围流体的影响。分别应用Carreau-Yasuda非牛顿超弹性模型和修正Mooney-Rivin超弹性... 详细信息

本研究旨在模拟不同狭窄程度和脉搏率的颈动脉搏动血流。采用流-固耦合(FSI)和任意拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)方法研究了不同狭窄程度、脉搏率和动脉壁性质对周围流体的影响。分别应用Carreau-Yasuda非牛顿超弹性模型和修正Mooney-Rivin超弹性模型于具有非牛顿行为的血液和超弹性血管壁。结果得到血液的壁面径向位移、压力分布、轴向速度分布和壁面剪切应力。通过增加狭窄的严重程度,轴向速度、血压变化、最大壁面剪切应力和壁面径向位移均呈增长趋势。当脉率在狭窄程度为75%时,最大流量矩、壁面径向位移、压力、轴向速度和壁面剪应力的最大值均增大。此外,与弹性和刚性模型相比,将动脉壁视为超弹性模型,将其周围流体视为非牛顿和非定常,可以使模拟更加真实。在严重程度高达50%的狭窄中,红细胞受到轻微损害,而在严重程度为75%的狭窄中观察到溶血。通过改善动脉粥样硬化,弹性模量从500 k Pa提高到2 MPa,在60 bpm脉率和狭窄程度75%下,剪切应力最大值增长65%。与刚性和弹性动脉壁相比,动脉壁的超弹性模型导致较低的轴向速度、较低的血压、较低的剪切应力和较高的径向位移。

关键词：流-固耦合狭窄严重程度脉率变化超弹性的动脉动脉粥样硬化

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Nurses'attitude toward patients'safety climate during COVID-19 pandemic:a cross-sectional study

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Frontiers of Nursing 2024年第1期11卷 39-46页

作者： Asra Nassehi Kobra Ghorbanzadeh Somaye Moayedi Javad Jafari Parvin Mahmoodi mojtaba Jafari Department of Nursing Bam University of Medical SciencesBamIran Department of Nursing Khalkhal University of Medical SciencesKhalkhalIran Community Nursing Research Center Department of NursingZahedan University of Medical SciencesZahedanIran Clinical Care Research Center Department of NursingNursing and Midwifery SchoolKurdistan University of Medical SciencesSanandajIran

Objective:Patient safety is a fundamental factor in improving the quality of care provided in hospitals.Therefore,it is considered a significant parameter by all healthcare organizations around the world.The present study was conducted to investigate the attitude of nurses toward the patient safety climate during the Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic in the southeast of Iran.Methods:This is a cross-sectional descriptive study.Among all the nurses working in one of the hospitals in the southeast of Iran,171 nurses participated in the study through convenience sampling methods.The survey was conducted between June 1 and July 30,2020.A 2-part questionnaire including demographic information and an assessment of nurses'attitudes toward patients'safety climate was used for data collection in 2021.The content validity of the scale is(0.77)and reliability was re-calculated and confirmed by the present study with Cronbach's alpha(α=0.9).Data were analyzed by SPSS 20(IBM Corporation,Armonk,New York,United States)using descriptive and analytical statistical tests.Results:The mean score of safety climates was 3.2±5.20(out of 5 scores).The results showed that among all dimensions of the safety climate,only the education dimension was statistically significant between males and females(P<0.001).Also,there was a significant relationship between the overall average of the safety climate and its dimensions according to the people's position only in the dimension of supervisors'attitude(P<0.01)and burnout(P<0.01).Additionally,a significant correlation between the education level and the overall score of safety climate(P<0.01),as well as the supervisor's attitude dimension(P<0.01),was observed.Conclusions:The results showed that the safety climate was at a relatively favorable level.Considering the impact of nurses'attitudes on the safety climate of patients,its improvement seems necessary.It is recommended to design training courses and educate nurses in order to promote a patients safety climate in hospitals.

关键词： COVID-19 Iran nurses patient safety climate

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New insights on the role of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in neural stem cell–mediated repair in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1699-1700页

作者： Seyed mojtaba Hosseini Soheila Karimi-Abdolrezaee Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Spinal Cord Research CentreRady Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada Manitoba Multiple Sclerosis Research Center WinnipegMBCanada Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba WinnipegMBCanada

Extensive neurodegeneration is a hallmark of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) that underlies permanent sensorimotor and autonomic impairments (Alizadeh et al.,2019).Following the primary impact,the spinal cord undergoes a cascade of secondary injury mechanisms that are driven by disruption of the blood-spinal cord ba rrier,vascula r inju ry,glial reactivity,neu roinfla mmation,oxidative stress,lipid peroxidation,and glutamate excitotoxicity that culminate in neuronal and oligodendroglial cell death,demyelination,and axonal damage(Alizadeh et al.,2019).To achieve a meaningful functional recovery after SCI,regeneration of new neurons and oligodendrocytes and their successful growth and integration within the neural network are critical steps for reconstructing the damaged spinal cord tissue (Fischer et al.,2020).

关键词： peroxidation Fischer injury

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Exploring the relationship between ambient sulfur dioxide and semen quality parameters:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第1期13卷 12-21页

作者： Seyed Sobhan Bahreiny mojtaba Aghaei Mohammad Reza Dabbagh Hamid Ghorbani Moslem Javidan Reza Mohammadpour Fard Student Research Committee Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute Physiology Research CenterDepartment of PhysiologySchool of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceShahid Chamran University of AhvazAhvazIran Department of Immunology Faculty of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran

Objective:To investigate the relationship between ambient sulfur dioxide(SO2)exposure and semen quality parameters.Methods:A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies investigating the association between SO2 exposure and semen quality parameters.This search encompassed the timeframe from January 2000 to May 2023 and included electronic databases such as Web of Science,Google Scholar,PubMed,Cochrane,and Scopus.Pooled effect estimates with 95%confidence intervals(CI)were calculated using percent changes(PC).The meta-analysis included seven studies with 6711 participants and 15087 semen samples.Results:The results revealed a significant negative association between ambient SO2 exposure and certain semen quality parameters.In particular,SO2 exposure was associated with a significant decrease in progressive motility(PC=0.032;95%CI:-0.063 to-0.001;P=0.044)and sperm concentration(PC=-0.020;95%CI:-0.036 to-0.005;P=0.012).However,no statistically significant associations were observed for total sperm count(PC=-0.038;95%CI:-0.079 to 0.003;P=0.070),seminal fluid volume(PC=-0.009;95%CI:-0.048 to-0.030;P=0.662)and sperm motility(PC=-0.17;95%CI:-0.363 to 0.022;P=0.830).In addition,the results of the subgroup analysis revealed specific variables that were associated with the decrease in relevant sperm parameters.Conclusions:This systematic review and meta-analysis provides compelling evidence supporting a consistent negative association between exposure to ambient SO2 and semen quality parameters.

关键词： Semen quality Sulfur dioxide Ambient air pollution Meta-analysis

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Numerical study of a multiple post-tensioned rocking wall-frame system for seismic resilient precast concrete buildings

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2022年第2期21卷 377-393页

作者： Afshin Naserpour mojtaba Fathi Department of Civil Engineering Engineering FacultyRazi UniversityKermanshah ***Iran

A multiple rocking wall-frame(MRWF)system,in which the wall panels are directly connected to the adjacent beams and foundation is presented herein.In the MRWF system,the unbonded post-tensioned(PT)tendons are used to promote the self-centering ability,and O-shaped steel dampers are applied to enhance the energy dissipation capacity and reparability of the structure.First,analytical equations are proposed to determine the behavior of the O-shaped dampers.Then,the MRWF system is numerically evaluated for five different models consisting of rocking walls with varying numbers and arrangements while keeping the total effective width of wall panels constant.The numerical results show that with an increase in the number of wall panels and a decrease in the wall width,the hysteretic behavior of the MRWF system tends to the ideal flag-shaped pattern,resulting in little damage to the beams,insignificant strain in the wall toe,negligible residual drifts and damage index of less than 0.2 under severe earthquakes.In contrast,the conventional model demonstrates extensive damage to the structural elements due to undesirable wall-to-frame interaction,which leads to a damage index of 0.78 and residual drifts of 0.42%under seismic loads.

关键词： precast wall-frame system rocking behavior post-tensioning O-shaped steel damper residual drift

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